I was barely out of my teens when I met Tom Johnson in NYC and we started exchanging ideas about music and mathematics.  We continued doing that for more than four decades.  He left us on the last day of 2024 and I miss him greatly.  

One of his enthusiasms was "logical music."   Now this might seem a category error - after all, shouldn't it be be arguments and proofs, and not works of art, that are logical or not?  

Actually it turns out that formal logics in themselves just don't care about truth and correctness. Rather they're just oblivious rule-based systems that produce new thing from old things.  Well, sometimes they always produce new true statements from old true statements, and then that's very useful. So those kind of  logics are what people think of when they hear the word. but really the realm of logic is actually much larger.

So I understand Tom's program thusly: instead of having rules bound and bind our art, and also instead of attempting to reject rules altogether (if that's even possible), how about making works of art that, by design, faithfully project faithfully their own sui generis and hopefully intrinsically interesting rules?  With music, that means that both the sounds and the rules, so the logic, become potential objects of contemplation.  

Consider the duality of mind and brain, two distinct things with nevertheless thoroughly entangled existences.  So likewise the sound and structure of music.  By itself that's not new of course, music has had structure for millennia.  But treating musical structure as a first-class aesthetic object for contemplation by the thinking/listening subject, that was new.   Now structure could be more than a mere package or organization for the sonic experience, more than the mere bottle for the wine.  

My Elegy here is based on the fact that (11/8)^37 = 2^17 very nearly (the discrepancy is about .07%).  Both the rhythm and the harmony of this piece project this coincidence.  All the details emerge logically from the effort to project this little arithmetic coincidence.  

While the generating interval 11/8 is approximately 5.5 half-steps (actually more like 5.513), so roughly midway between a perfect 4th and a tritone (11/8 is the freshman sum of 4/3 and 7/5), if you pay close attention you will hear that the *logic* of this piece is actually not the logic of quarter-tone music, even though moment-to-moment it might have a sonic quality similar to quarter-tone music.  The faint, high-pitched wood-block type sound keeps track of this.  As Tom would say, "Just count the notes!"

Cover art from Tom's great book, Imaginary Music: 
https://www.editions75.com/pdf/books/Tom_Johnson_-_Imaginary_Music.pdf

Elegy for Tom Johnson (in 37TET)

méson kaí ákron

This is a live recording of the premiere of To the Enemy, performed by Sidonie Henbest (soprano),  Andrew Wiering (percussion) and Nick Parnell (percussion), at the ABC Studio 526, Adelaide, on August 26, 2010, as part of the 2010 Soundstream New Music Festival. 

To the Enemy is a setting of the following poem, also entitled To the Enemy,  by the internationally renowned poet, Eva Salzman:

Sit down, have a chair and relax,
you who've made the former friends bleed.
Here are all my questionable expenses
for the tax-man, the faithless to read.

Okay, so I drink, talk to strangers,
loudly befriending at parties
those lacking position, power or wealth,
who aren't distinguished or arty.

I slept with a man who was handsome
instead of the powerful editor
(not that I've ever claimed purer ethics -
it's just that I never knew better).

Please outline what's wrong with my life plan,
help map the route of my passions,
edit me into comfortable style
according to science or fashion.

It's not that I don't have ambition
or a liking for money or fame.
Is it just that i misinterpret the rules?
Don't I cheat well enough at the game?

- Eva Salzman

To The Enemy by Katia Tiutiunnik, with text by Eva Salzman

Lately I'm making pieces for a synthetic percussion orchestra with a virtually infinite number of instruments.

This is a proof of concept piece.

Perkodhuskurunbarggruauyagokgorlayorgromgremmitghundhurthrumathunaradidillifaititillibumullunukkunun

This is the soundtrack to an abstract video work called Grow.  

The cover image is one frame thereof.

The music and visuals are equal partners though, so "soundtrack" is misleading.  But so is "music video."  The music can stand on its own.

Contact me for a link to the video.

Two Forests

This is a kind of polytempic work in the sense of Peter Thoegersen (well, if he thinks so).  The whol time span gets divided into 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, 233, 377, 610 equal parts with each tempo supporting a layer consisting of only 7th chords that have one particular root.  Since I make chords in the slower tempi sound louder, the interaction of dynamics and periodicity tends to balance the importance of all the different roots.  With the next slower layer always carrying the given layers dominant, a certain amount of root progression emerges.  But it's complicated!

Those Fibonacci Fractal Four-Chord False Relation Blues, for piano four hands

Said the poet: "Euclid alone has looked on Beauty bare."

Push back on "alone" if you like, but beauty may dwell in the immaterial, and from thus the possibility of art formed purely out of ideas. Or not purely: a sensual experience may, by its structure, simultaneously carry ideas. Two art objects, one immersive, the other cognitive, can simultaneously inhabit the same experience.

Varèse framed music as "structured sound," and I would add, alternatively, "sonified structure." Mathematics is the science of structure, so, if you like, the part of music theory robust (to some extent) against the contingencies of sonic materials. I have a long interest both in bringing to my composition ready-made mathematical objects and mathematical phenomena, and in letting the same emerge from sonic considerations themselves. But truly to infuse music with at least the ghost of "Beauty bare" requires evoking mathematical argument.

So consider communicating something by drumming. Fix a small unit of time. Now say you decide to work with only two durations between strikes, namely 2 units and 3 units. Even with the best coding, that choice limits your bandwidth—limits the rate at which you can transmit information.  Now one can quantify this in a sophisticated way with information theory, but we don't need to get into that now. But here's an interesting and not quite trivial fact: if your durations are 1 unit and 5 units, then you have exactly the same bandwidth as with 2 and 3 units! 

A long and short duration might remind you of Morse code. Well, if you "glue" the "dash", the long duration, of the 2–3 system to the following duration, you will get a drumming pattern in a 2–5–6 system. And that translation is reversible. But if you glue the "dot" of the 1–5 system to the following duration, then you also get a pattern in the 2–5–6 system, and also in a reversible way. So you can get from 2–3 to 1–5 via the trick of interpolating between them with another system you might not originally have thought to consider. There's an episode in the piece that makes precisely this transition/translation audible.

But it doesn't stop there! All the following systems also have the same bandwidth as the three mentioned above:
                                                                1–6–11–16–20, 
                                                                1–6–10, 
                                                                1–7–10–12–16, 
                                                                2–6–7–10–11, 
                                                                3–4–5, 
                                                                3–4–8–9–10, 
                                                                3–5–7–8–9, 
                                                                4–5–6–7–8.
Now hopefully the required "bridge" between, say, 1–6–11–16–20 and 3–4–8–9–10 doesn't seem obvious at all! Nevertheless one will experience it if one attends very closely to the sonic details of the piece.

Yes, you can forget all this and you still have an intense experience reminiscent of ritual drumming, albeit without any periodic underpinning. By the way, he piano part works just as the drums do, but also correlates pitches to the durations.

The title: if you wish to transmit a long random "message" in the 2-3-system, a certain ratio between the frequency of 2's and 3's will emerge.  The famous golden ratio would emerge from the 1-2-system and goes by the name "phi."  Hence "high phi" as one old and mostly forgotten proposal for a name of our ratio here.

High Phi, for drums and piano obbligato

The music can speak for itself, sonically, if you prefer.

But if you care to understand what's going on, here it is in brief.  The durations in the cello are 2, 4, and 8 8th notes; the durations in the bass line of the piano part are 3,5,6, and 7 8th notes.  Any rhythm of any duration of the former sort admits a translation into a rhythm of the latter sort, and vice-versa, indeed a translation that preserves the overall duration (to within a fixed few beats anyway).   I expect that this fact hardly seems obvious!  But the violin part is the intermediary, along with the other voices in the piano part.   Attend to the relationship between cello and violin; and between piano and violin, and, with some concentration, the logic indeed reveals itself.

To The Enemy by Katia Tiutiunnik, with text by Eva Salzman

Ancient Dreams

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