PDF/READ  Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations, and States

Read Book : https://centerofsound.blogspot.com/?oak=0674276604

An innovator in contemporary thought on economic and political development looks here at decline rather than growth. Albert O. Hirschman makes a basic distinction between alternative ways of reacting to deterioration in business firms and, in general, to dissatisfaction with organizations: one, &#8220exit,&#8221 is for the member to quit the organization or for the customer to switch to the competing product, and the other, &#8220voice,&#8221 is for members or customers to agitate and exert influence for change &#8220from within.&#8221 The efficiency of the competitive mechanism, with its total reliance on exit, is questioned for certain important situations. As exit often undercuts voice while being unable to counteract decline, loyalty is seen in the function of retarding exit and of permitting voice to play its proper role.The

(PDF) READ Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organization

Husanillakjibansa