Unit 1 Antarctica
B: Antarctica is another name for the South Pole.
It is also a continent. A long time ago, the South
Pole was close to the equator. That was 500
million years ago. It was once joined to Australia. 
Then, all the land on Earth started to move.
Antarctica moved away from Australia and went
south.
Dinosaur bones were once found at the South
Pole. Do you know why? Dinosaurs lived there
millions of years ago. This was before it moved
away from the equator.
About 98% of this continent is frozen. The
rest is made up of rock.The South Pole has 87%
of the world’s ice. But did you know that it gets
very little snow? Only about two inches of snow
falls each year.
How many people live on your continent? No
one lives in the South Pole. Only animals, like
penguins, live there. Scientists and tourists visit
there, but they don’t stay long. Do you want to
visit Antarctica? It is the coldest, driest place on
Earth!

Antarctica 5/3

Unit 2 A Hiking Trip
M:Hi, Anne! Did you sign up for the trip on Saturday?
W:What trip is that? I didn’t know there was a trip
on Saturday.
M:The hiking club is going to Bear Mountain. The bus
drops us off at the bottom, and we’re going to hike
until we get to a cabin halfway up the mountain.
W:That sounds really great! Where can I sign up?
M:Go and see Jennifer. She’ll help you sign up.
W:What activity will we do when we get to the
cabin on the mountain?
M:Well, it takes seven hours to hike to the cabin, so
it will be late by the time we arrive. After we
unpack, we’ll start a campfire. Then we can sing,
eat, and tell stories around the fire. The following
day we’ll leave at dawn and hike to the top of the
mountain. After we take pictures, we’ll hike back
down. If we have time, we might go swimming
in the lake on the mountain!
W:Those sound like really fun activities, and I can’t
wait to go!

Hiking Trip

Most people think that the Middle East is
only a desert. This is far from true. Last year, I
went hiking in Iran. Iran has many mountains.
You can find trees that lose their leaves in winter.
If you’re lucky, you may see a yellow deer or
a brown bear, two species that live there. The air
is fresh, and you can swim in clear, clean lakes.
I definitely recommend it.
There are so many birds to see. It is fun to go
into the forest with binoculars to look at birds.
Seeing the birds through binoculars makes them
seem much nearer than they actually are. You can
write down all of the species that you see. You
should learn about their calls first. That means
the sounds that each bird makes. Sometimes it’s
hard to see the birds. However, you can identify
them if you happen to hear them.
I want to go back to Iran again someday. It’s
so beautiful that I want to see and explore much
more of it!

Hiking In Iran

Unit 3 Save the Turtles
M: Have you heard about the plan to save turtles in
Mexico?
W: No. What is the story?
M: Turtles are in danger of becoming extinct
around the world. Every year, thousands of turtles
lay eggs on the beach. After the turtles lay their
eggs in the sand, people come along and take
them.
W: I suppose the people like eating turtle eggs.
M: Exactly. Turtles are beginning to stay away from
certain places, now. There are fewer and fewer
of them left. There is a new project in Mexico to
save these eggs. Then turtles will not become
extinct. I think it’s a very good project.
W: Is there anything we can do to help?
M: I’m going to call the Environmental Protection
hotline. They might have some information about
the project to help save turtles in Mexico.
W: They might even have a brochure. Let’s find the
website on my computer. Oh, here it is. The
address is www.enviro.com. There’s plenty of
information here.
M: Great! Let’s see what we can do to help save turtles
in Mexico

Save The Turtles

Antarctica

Unit 5 Jane Goodall
G : Jane Goodall went to Africa when she was 26
years old. She went there to research chimpanzees.
At that time, no other women scientists worked
there alone.
At first, Jane studied the chimps from far
away. The chimps were afraid of her. They ran
away if she came close to them. After some time,
the chimps saw that she was not going to hurt
them. They let her walk near them.
Soon, she was living among them. She wanted
to learn more and more about them. Jane did a
lot of research on chimps. She discovered many
new things about them. She learned that each
chimp has its own personality. She saw that they
have feelings.
Jane discovered that chimps have very close
families. Mothers and fathers take good care
of baby chimps. An adult female chimp will
sometimes adopt an orphan.
In 1977, Jane started an institute to help
protect animals. She wanted to help animals all
around the world. Today, this institute runs
programs in over 70 countries

Jane Goodall

Unit 6 Flying Cars
M: Listen to this! This newspaper article says that
some scientists are working on a new kind of
airplane. People can use these “flying cars” for
short trips.
W: How interesting!
M: The article says the first flying car might be
ready within the next few years.
W: That’s quite soon! How would this flying car
work? Can anybody use one, or is it only for
people who know how to fly airplanes?
M: You don’t need to be an airplane pilot to use a
flying car. The article says there would be a
computer inside the car that would know where
you want to go. The driver does not need to
control the car unless something goes wrong.
W: Does the article say how much a flying car would
cost? It will probably cost too much money! We
would not be able to afford one
M: True, but wouldn’t it be nice to fly over traffic
jams, instead of sitting in the middle of them?
W: Yes. But then we might end up with traffic jams
in the sky!

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