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The CP210x USB to UART Bridge Virtual COM Port (VCP) drivers are required for device operation as a Virtual COM Port to facilitate host communication with CP210x products. These devices can also interface to a host using the direct access driver.


The CP210x Manufacturing DLL and Runtime DLL have been updated and must be used with v 6.0 and later of the CP210x Windows VCP Driver. Application Note Software downloads affected are AN144SW.zip, AN205SW.zip and AN223SW.zip. If you are using a 5.x driver and need support you can download Legacy OS Software.


For most devices, the Ports device setup class and the Serial function driver provide the functionality required to operate serial ports and COM ports. To install serial ports and COM ports using these system-supplied components, do the following:


A minidriver or a miniport driver acts as half of a driver pair. Driver pairs like (miniport, port) can make driver development easier. In a driver pair, one driver handles general tasks that are common to a whole collection of devices, while the other driver handles tasks that are specific to an individual device. The drivers that handle device-specific tasks go by a variety of names, including miniport driver, miniclass driver, and minidriver.


Microsoft provides the general driver, and typically an independent hardware vendor provides the specific driver. Before you read this topic, you should understand the ideas presented in Device nodes and device stacks and I/O request packets.


Every kernel-mode driver must implement a function named 
DriverEntry
, which gets called shortly after the driver is loaded. The 
DriverEntry
 function fills in certain members of a 
DRIVER_OBJECT
 structure with pointers to several other functions that the driver implements. For example, the 
DriverEntry
 function fills in the 
Unload
 member of the 
DRIVER_OBJECT
 structure with a pointer to the driver's Unload function, as shown in the following diagram.





The 
MajorFunction
 member of the 
DRIVER_OBJECT
 structure is an array of pointers to functions that handle I/O request packets (
IRP
s), as shown in the following diagram. Typically the driver fills in several members of the 
MajorFunction
 array with pointers to functions (implemented by the driver) that handle various kinds of IRPs.


An IRP can be categorized according to its major function code, which is identified by a constant, such as 
IRP_MJ_READ
, 
IRP_MJ_WRITE
, or 
IRP_MJ_PNP
. The constants that identify major function code serve as indices in the 
MajorFunction
 array. For example, suppose the driver implements a dispatch function to handle IRPs that have the major function code 
IRP_MJ_WRITE
. In this case, the driver must fill in the 
MajorFunction
[IRP_MJ_WRITE] element of the array with a pointer to the dispatch function.


Typically the driver fills in some of the elements of the 
MajorFunction
 array and leaves the remaining elements set to default values provided by the I/O manager. The following example shows how to use the 
!drvobj
 debugger extension to inspect the function pointers for the parport driver.


In the debugger output, you can see that parport.sys implements 
GsDriverEntry
, the entry point for the driver. 
GsDriverEntry
, which was generated automatically when the driver was built, performs some initialization and then calls 
DriverEntry
, which was implemented by the driver developer.


In the debugger output, you can see that the parport driver provided function po

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