9CS0025134 (S2)
Item title: Daoutoul wishat (Sot Shami), part 2
Contributor: Walid, Dahi Ben (‘ūd / singer, male) 
Matrix number: OC 2239

Performance note: Sowt genre of Bahrain. Singer and ‘ūd player is Dahi Ben Walid, who lived from 1896/1898 to 1941/1951. Supported on violin and drum (mirwās?), and occasionally with chorus and hand clapping. Includes a very short musical introduction (violin and ‘ūd ). A percussive way of playing the ‘ūd. A violin solo concludes the piece. The inscription on the label, ‘Sot Shami’, specifies that the piece originates from the dialect / music style / poetry of Arabic as spoken in Syria, Jordan, Palestine and Lebanon. The title and music indicate that the piece is continued from the first side.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc/025M-9CS0025134XX-0002V0

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Dahi Ben Walid: Daoutoul wishat (Sot Shami) Part, 2

9CS0025134 (S1)
Item title: Daoutoul wishat (Sot Shami), part 1
Contributor: Walid, Dahi Ben (‘ūd / singer, male) 
Matrix number: OC 2238

Performance note: Sowt genre of Bahrain. Singer and ‘ūd player is Dahi Ben Walid, who lived from 1896/1898 to 1941/1951. Supported on violin and drum (mirwās?), and occasionally with chorus and hand clapping. Includes a very short musical introduction (violin and ‘ūd ). A percussive way of playing the ‘ūd. The inscription on the label, ‘Sot Shami’, specifies that the piece is of Shami origin (dialect / music style / poetry of Arabic as spoken in Syria, Jordan, Palestine and Lebanon). The title and music indicate that the piece is continued on the second side.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc/025M-9CS0025134XX-0001V0

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Dahi Ben Walid: Daoutoul wishat (Sot Shami) Part, 1

9CS0025132 (S2)
Item title: Mala ghounouzahabi, part 2
Contributor: el Fares, Mohamed (‘ūd / singer, male) 
Matrix number: OC 2257

Performance note: Sowt genre of Bahrain. The performer is also called Mohammed bin Fares, Elustaz (Ustadh) Mohamed El Fares (Al Khalifa), or Mohammed bin Faris. He lived from 1895 to 1947/1948. The singer is supported with violin and drum (mirwās?), a chorus (call-and-response style) and hand clapping. A very short musical piece on violin and ‘ūd introduces the piece. The word ‘Yemini’ included on the label specifies that the piece originates from Yemen. The title and music indicate that the piece is continued from the first side. 
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc/025M-9CS0025132XX-0002V0

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Mohamed El Fares: Mala ghounouzahabi, 2

9CS0025132 (S1)
Item title: Mala ghounouzahabi, part 1
Contributor: el Fares, Mohamed (‘ūd / singer, male) 
Matrix number: OC 2256

Performance note: Sowt genre of Bahrain. The performer is also called Mohammed bin Fares, Elustaz (Ustadh) Mohamed El Fares (Al Khalifa), or Mohammed bin Faris. He lived from 1895 to 1947/1948. The singer is supported on violin and drum (mirwās?) with a chorus (call-and-response style) and hand clapping. A very short musical piece on violin and ‘ūd introduces the piece. The word ‘Yemini’ included on the label specifies that the piece originates from Yemen. The title and music indicate that the piece is continued on the second side. 
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc/025M-9CS0025132XX-0001V0

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Mohamed El Fares: Mala ghounouzahabi, 1

9CS0025131 (S2)
Item title: Khouy elwy P. II (Shihry), part 2
Contributor: Walid, Dahi Ben (‘ūd / singer, male) 
Matrix number: OC 2215

Performance note: Sowt genre of Bahrain. Singer and ‘ūd player is Dahi Ben Walid, who lived from 1896/1898 to 1941/1951. Supported on violin and drum (mirwās?) with chorus and hand clapping. Following the title in brackets the style ‘Shihry’ is mentioned, indicating that the piece is originally from the coastal area in South Yemen (Hadramawt). Includes a very short musical introduction (violin and ‘ūd). A percussive way of playing the ‘ūd. A violin solo concludes the piece. The piece is continued from the first side.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc/025M-9CS0025131XX-0002V0

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Dahi Ben Walid: Khouy elwy  (Shihry), Part 2

9CS0025131 (S1)
Item title: Khouy elwy(Shihry), part 1
Contributor: Walid, Dahi Ben (‘ūd / singer, male) 
Matrix number: OC 2214

Performance note: Sowt genre of Bahrain. The singer and ‘ūd player is Dahi Ben Walid, who lived from 1896/1898 to 1941/1951. Supported on violin and drum (mirwās?) with chorus and hand clapping. Following the title in brackets the style ‘Shihry’ is mentioned, indicating that the piece is originally from the coastal area in South Yemen (Hadramawt). Includes a very short musical introduction (violin and ‘ūd). A percussive way of playing the ‘ūd. The piece is continued on the second side.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc/025M-9CS0025131XX-0001V0

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Dahi Ben Walid: Khouy elwy (Shihry), Part 1

9CS0025124 (S2)
Item title: Yallah ya rabbana (Ashoury), 2
Contributor: Walid, Dahi Ben (‘ūd / singer, male) 
Matrix number: OC 2265

Performance note: Sowt genre of Bahrain. The singer and ‘ūd player is Dahi Ben Walid, who lived from 1896/1898 to 1941/1951. Supported by violin and drum (mirwās?), chorus (call-response), and hand clapping. Very short musical introduction (violin and ‘ūd). A percussive way of playing the ‘ūd. The word ‘Ashouri’ on the label indicates the piece is of Assyrian (Iraqi) origin. 
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc/025M-9CS0025124XX-0002V0

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Dahi Ben Walid: Yallah ya rabbana (Ashoury), 2

9CS0025124 (S1)
Item title: Ya dana dana (Ashoury), 1
Contributor: Walid, Dahi Ben (‘ūd / singer, male) 
Matrix number: OC 2264

Performance note: Sowt genre of Bahrain. The singer and ‘ūd player is Dahi Ben Walid, who lived from 1896/1898 to 1941/1951. Supported on violin and drum (mirwās?) with a chorus (call-and-response) and hand clapping. Includes a very short musical introduction (violin and  ‘ūd). A percussive way of playing the ‘ūd. A melodic pattern repeated three times on the violin concludes the piece. The word ‘Ashouri’ on the label indicates the piece is of Assyrian (Iraqi) origin. 
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc/025M-9CS0025124XX-0001V0

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Dahi Ben Walid: Ya dana dana (Ashoury), 1

9CS0025123 (S2)
Item title: Ya man hawah, 2
Contributor: Walid, Dahi Ben (‘ūd / singer, male) 
Matrix number: OC 2261

Performance note: Sowt genre of Bahrain. The singer and ‘ūd player is Dahi Ben Walid, who lived from 1896/1898 to 1941/1951. Supported on violin and drum (mirwās?) and occasionally by chorus and hand clapping. Includes a very short musical introduction (violin and ‘ūd ). A percussive way of playing the ‘ūd. A violin solo concludes the piece. The piece is continued from the first side. 
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc/025M-9CS0025123XX-0002V0

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Dahi Ben Walid: Ya man hawah, 2

9CS0025123 (S1)
Item title: Ya man hawah, 1
Contributor: Walid, Dahi Ben ( ‘ūd / singer, male) 
Matrix number: OC 2260

Performance note: Sowt genre of Bahrain. The singer and ‘ūd player is Dahi Ben Walid, who lived from 1896/1898 to 1941/1951. Supported on violin and drum (mirwās?), and occasionally by chorus and hand clapping. Includes a very short musical introduction (violin and ‘ūd). A percussive way of playing the ‘ūd. A violin solo concludes the piece. The piece continues on the second side. 
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc/025M-9CS0025123XX-0001V0

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Dahi Ben Walid: Ya man hawah, 1

1CS0090925 (S1)
Item title:  Al Jawqa Al Iraqi min yawm forqak, 1
Contributor: Al-Qubanshi, Muhammad
Matrix number: OK 879 (HMV HC 39, side 1)
Performance note: Recordings from: Congrès de la Musique Arabe, Caire 1932.  Al Jawqa Al Iraqi - Iraqi Music Ensemble (Chalgi Baghdad) led by the most important Iraqi Maqam singer and composer Muhammad Al-Qubanchi (also spelled/transliterated ‘Al-Qubbanchi’ or ‘Al-Qubbānchi’).  Music/Lyrics:  Muhammad al-Qubanshi sings an Iraqi Maqam (maqām al-‘irāqī) with his beautiful, melismatic voice. The title ‘min yawm foqak’ could be translated as ‘since the day you left me’. Musicians and instruments: Yehuda Shammash (darbūkka goblet drum; also called ‘tabla’), Abraham Shleh (daff, tambourine), Yusif Za‘rur (qānūn, plucked box zither), Izra Haron (‘ūd lute; Izra is also called ‘Azouri ‘Afandi’), Saleh Shummail (kamana jōza, bowed fiddle), Yusif Patao (santūr, hammered dulcimer). Musical piece contains short instrumental introduction, long metered pulse for vocal part, and metered instrumental interludes. One side only. Piece is continued from disc 9CS0025722. Piece continues on disc 1CS0090926.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Al-Qubanshi, Muhammad: Al Jawqa Al Iraqi min yawm forqak, 1

9CS0006621 (S1)
Item title: Ya Sa‘ūd, 1
Contributor: Faḍāla, Abdullah
Matrix number: Taha Phone TS 121
Performance note: The Kuwaiti male singer, composer and ‘ūd player Abdullah Faḍāla (or Abdullah Al-Fadāla; d.1967 in Bahrain) was a well-known interpreter of traditional Gulf music. His music was recorded in Bombay (India), Cairo (Egypt) and Iraq and the shellac discs sold in the whole Gulf region. Taha was the first Kuwaiti recording label and its owner is Taha Sabri. This record was manufactured by the National Gramophone Company based in Bombay. Music, musical instruments and instrumentalists: The singer and ‘ūd player Abdullah Faḍāla is supported by the instruments ‘ūd (lute), mirwās (small drum), dumbuk (goblet drum) and violin. Hamad Khalīfa played the mirwās. The piece belongs to the Kuwaiti musical genre fan najdī and is played in 6/4 beat. The main singer interacts with the chorus (part of lyrics sung by main singer are repeated by the chorus = raddādī style). Traditionally the singer is supported by the drums ṭabul (double-headed cylindrical drum) and ṭār (frame drum with small bells attached).  Probably the Taha Phone records were produced in the early 1950s in Bahrain. The piece continues on the second side.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Faḍāla, Abdullah: Ya Sa‘ūd, 1

9CS0006621 (S2)
Item title: Ya Sa‘ūd, 2
Contributor: Faḍāla, Abdullah
Matrix number: T582-2
Performance note: The Kuwaiti male singer, composer and ‘ūd player Abdullah Faḍāla (or Abdullah Al-Fadāla; d.1967 in Bahrain) was a well-known singer of traditional Gulf music. His music was recorded in Bombay (India), Cairo (Egypt) and Iraq and the shellac discs sold in the whole Gulf region. Taha was the first Kuwaiti recording label and its owner is Taha Sabri. This record was manufactured by the National Gramophone Company based in Bombay. Music, musical instruments and instrumentalists: The singer and ‘ūd player Abdullah Faḍāla is supported by the instruments ‘ūd (lute), mirwās (small drum), dumbuk (goblet drum) and violin. Hamad Khalīfa played the mirwās. The piece belongs to the Kuwaiti musical genre fan najdī and is played in 6/4 beat. The main singer interacts with the chorus (part of lyrics sung by main singer are repeated by the chorus = raddādī style). Traditionally the singer is supported by the drums ṭabul (double-headed cylindrical drum) and ṭār (frame drum with small bells attached).  Probably the Taha Phone records were produced in the early 1950s in Bahrain. The piece is continued from the first side.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Faḍāla, Abdullah: Ya Sa‘ūd, 2

9CS0006624 (S1)
Item title: Yegūl Bin Rāshid Al-'shq Wal Gharām, 1
Contributor: Faḍāla, Abdullah
Matrix number: Taha Phone TS 114
Performance note: The Kuwaiti male singer, composer and ‘ūd player Abdullah Faḍāla (or Abdullah Al-Fadāla; d.1967 in Bahrain) was a well-known interpreter of traditional Gulf music. His music was recorded in Bombay (India), Cairo (Egypt) and Iraq and the shellac discs sold in the whole Gulf region. Taha was the first Kuwaiti recording label and its owner is Taha Sabri. This record was manufactured by the National Gramophone Company based in Bombay. Music, musical instruments and instrumentalists: The singer and ‘ūd player Abdullah Faḍāla is supported by the instruments ‘ūd (lute), mirwās (small drum), and violin. The piece belongs to the Kuwaiti musical genre yamānī (origin of Yemen) and is played in 12/8 beat (called khayalī).  Probably the Taha Phone records were produced in the early 1950s in Bahrain. The piece continues on the second side.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Faḍāla, Abdullah: Yegūl Bin Rāshid Al-'shq Wal Gharām, 1

9CS0025380 (S2)
Item title: Yā Ḥamām
Contributor: El-Kouéti, Abdul-Latif (singer, male)
Matrix number: ES1081

Performance note: The singer Abd el-Latif al-Kuweiti (also spelled: Abdulatif Al Kuwaiti or Abdul-Latif El-Kouéti) lived from 1901/1904 to 1975 in Kuwait. These early shellac productions issued on the German Odeon label are regarded as very important audio documents for the early period of the sowt genre. These were issued in 1928 and 1929 and recorded in Baghdad, Iraq and Cairo, Egypt.  Music, musical instruments and instrumentalists:  The singer Abd el-Latif al-Kuweiti is supported by the famous ‘ūd player Dawūd Al-Kuwaiti and the violin virtuoso Ṣaleḥ Al-Kuwaiti, while Sa‘ūd Al-Mukhayṭa plays the mirwās drum. The piece belongs to the sowt musical genre and is played in the 4/4 beat. This is one of the best-known sowt from Kuwait.  This piece was recorded 1928 in Baghdad, Iraq.   The piece is continued from the first side (same melody, but different lyrics). 
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

El-Kouéti, Abdul-Latif: Yā Ḥamām

9CS0025385 (S2)
Item title: Ḥarrak Shijūnī, 2
Contributor: El-Kouéti, Abdul-Latif (singer, male)
Matrix number: ES1083
Performance note: The singer Abd el-Latif al-Kuweiti (also spelled: Abdulatif Al Kuwaiti or Abdul-Latif El-Kouéti) lived from 1901/1904 to 1975 in Kuwait. These early shellac productions issued on the German Odeon label are regarded as very important audio documents for the early period of the sowt genre. These were issued in 1928 and 1929 and recorded in Baghdad, Iraq and Cairo, Egypt.  Music, musical instruments and instrumentalists:  The singer Abd el-Latif al-Kuweiti is supported by the famous ‘ūd player Dawūd Al-Kuwaiti and the violin virtuoso Ṣaleḥ Al-Kuwaiti, while Sa‘ūd Al-Mukhayṭa plays the mirwās drum. The piece belongs to the sowt musical genre and is played in the 4/4 beat.   This piece was recorded 1928 in Baghdad, Iraq.   The piece is continued from the first side.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

El-Kouéti, Abdul-Latif: Ḥarrak Shijūnī, 2

9CS0025706 (S1)
Item title:  Al Jawqa Al Iraqi Ya Yousef Al Ḥasan, 1 
Contributor: Al-Qubanshi, Muhammad (singer, male)
Matrix number: OK 835 (HMV HC 20)
Performance note: Recordings from: Congrès de la Musique Arabe, Caire 1932.  Al Jawqa Al Iraqi - Iraqi Music Ensemble (Chalgi Baghdad) led by the most important Iraqi Maqam singer and composer Muhammad Al-Qubanchi (also spelled/transliterated ‘Al-Qubbanchi’ or ‘Al-Qubbānchi’).  Musicians and instruments: Yehuda Shammash (darbūkka goblet drum; also called ‘tabla’), Abraham Shleh (daff, tambourine), Yusif Za‘rur (qānūn, plucked box zither), Izra Haron (‘ūd lute; Izra is also called ‘Azouri ‘Afandi’), Saleh Shummail (kamana jōza, bowed fiddle), Yusif Patao (santūr, hammered dulcimer).  Music:  Muhammad al-Qubanshi sings an Iraqi Maqam (maqām al-‘irāqī) with his beautiful, melismatic voice. The piece consists of a short metered introduction and a longer unmetered part; occasional jōza solo. In the unmetered part al-Qubanshi is solely supported by the melody instruments. The piece continues on the second side.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Al-Qubanshi, Muhammad: Al Jawqa Al Iraqi Ya Yousef Al Ḥasan, 1

9CS0025711 (S1)
Item title:  Al Jawqa Al Iraqi Kyf yaqwa ‘la al hawa, 1 
Contributor: Al-Qubanshi, Muhammad (singer, male)
Matrix number: OK 863 (HMV HC 28)
Performance note: Recordings from: Congrès de la Musique Arabe, Caire 1932.  Al Jawqa Al Iraqi - Iraqi Music Ensemble (Chalgi Baghdad) led by the most important Iraqi Maqam singer and composer Muhammad Al-Qubanchi (also spelled/transliterated ‘Al-Qubbanchi’ or ‘Al-Qubbānchi’).  Music:  Muhammad al-Qubanshi sings an Iraqi Maqam (maqām al-‘irāqī) with his beautiful, melismatic voice. Musicians and instruments: Yehuda Shammash (darbūkka goblet drum; also called ‘tabla’), Abraham Shleh (daff, tambourine), Yusif Za‘rur (qānūn, plucked box zither), Izra Haron (‘ūd lute; Izra is also called ‘Azouri ‘Afandi’), Saleh Shummail (kamana jōza, bowed fiddle), Yusif Patao (santūr, hammered dulcimer).  Short instrumental introduction; long metered pulse for the vocal part; piece concludes with instrumental part. The piece continues on the second side. 
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Al-Qubanshi, Muhammad: Al Jawqa Al Iraqi Kyf yaqwa ‘la al hawa, 1

9CS0025711 (S2)
Item title:  Al Jawqa Al Iraqi Kyf yaqwa ‘la al hawa, 2 
Contributor: Al-Qubanshi, Muhammad (singer, male)
Matrix number: OK864
Performance note: Recordings from: Congrès de la Musique Arabe, Caire 1932.  Al Jawqa Al Iraqi - Iraqi Music Ensemble (Chalgi Baghdad) led by the most important Iraqi Maqam singer and composer Muhammad Al-Qubanchi (also spelled/transliterated ‘Al-Qubbanchi’ or ‘Al-Qubbānchi’).  Music:  Muhammad al-Qubanshi sings an Iraqi Maqam (maqām al-‘irāqī) with his beautiful, melismatic voice. Musicians and instruments: Yehuda Shammash (darbūkka goblet drum; also called ‘tabla’), Abraham Shleh (daff, tambourine), Yusif Za‘rur (qānūn, plucked box zither), Izra Haron (‘ūd lute; Izra is also called ‘Azouri ‘Afandi’), Saleh Shummail (kamana jōza, bowed fiddle), Yusif Patao (santūr, hammered dulcimer).   Short instrumental introduction; long metered pulse for the vocal part. Piece continues on discs 1CS0090921, 1CS0090922, 1CS0090923 and 1CS0090924. 

Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Al-Qubanshi, Muhammad: Al Jawqa Al Iraqi Kyf yaqwa ‘la al hawa, 2

9CS0025745 (S2)
Item title:  Al Jawqa Al Iraqi Tahir fouadak bilrahat, 2 
Contributor: Al-Qubanshi, Muhammad (singer, male)
Matrix number: OK946
Performance note: Recordings from: Congrès de la Musique Arabe, Caire 1932.  Al Jawqa Al Iraqi - Iraqi Music Ensemble (Chalgi Baghdad) led by the most important Iraqi Maqam singer and composer Muhammad Al-Qubanchi (also spelled/transliterated ‘Al-Qubbanchi’ or ‘Al-Qubbānchi’).  Music:  Muhammad al-Qubanshi sings an Iraqi Maqam (maqām al-‘irāqī) with his beautiful, melismatic voice. Musicians and instruments: Musicians and instruments: Yusif Za‘rur (qānūn, plucked box zither), Izra Haron (‘ūd lute; Izra is also called ‘Azouri ‘Afandi’), Saleh Shummail (kamana jōza, bowed fiddle), Yusif Patao (santūr, hammered dulcimer).  Musical piece consists of unmetered jōza introduction, unmetered vocal part and unmetered santūr interlude. After the conclusion of the piece all instruments are individually played to demonstrate respective sound, rhythm and melodic scale of the instrument. Piece is continued from first side. 
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Al-Qubanshi, Muhammad: Al Jawqa Al Iraqi Tahir fouadak bilrahat, 2

9CS0025130 (S1)
Item title: Enwaleit ya badria
Contributor: Amaratly, Massoud El
Matrix number: 0C2338
Performance note: Massoud El Amaratly was born to Moula Saad as a girl named Massouda in the small town of Amarah (province Maysan in southern Iraq). He preferred to dress, act and sing as a man. In Baghdad he became famous as a very skilled and innovate singer (very high and distinctive voice) and for the rendition of rifi songs (music from the countryside in southern Iraq). Side-A Music: Rifi song genre; the finger snapping (iṣbi‘) is a favourite way to produce rhythmic figures in southern Iraq and links the song to the Arabic Bedouin tradition. The singer is supported by a chorus. Musical instruments are: violin, qānūn box zither, santūr (a hammered dulcimer), the lute ‘ūd and a drum (darbūkka?); finger snapping.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Amaratly, Massoud El: Enwaleit ya badria

9CS0026171 (S2)
Item title: Saha ba'ad eini (Saba)
Contributor: Hakim, Nasser
Matrix number: 0C2346
Performance note: Nasser Hakhim (1910-1991) was a well-known singer of abūd̲īya, rifi and pesta songs. He was born in Amarah (southern Iraq) and moved to Baghdad, where he opened a small café known for rifi music.   Side-B The song belongs to the pesta musical genre. Musical instruments are: ‘ūd, violin, qānūn box zither and drums (daff and darbūkka?). The singer is supported by a chorus. Occasionally finger snapping (iṣbi‘) is used, a favourite way to produce rhythmic figures in southern Iraq and links the song to the Arabic Bedouin tradition. The lyrics are arranged in an AABA order. The title in brackets 'Saba' could refer to the origin of the musical piece from Yemen.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditio…ic-on-shellac-disc

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Hakim, Nasser: Saha ba'ad eini (Saba)

9CS0026165 (S2)
Item title: Hairan
Contributor: Amaratly, Massoud El
Matrix number: 0C2337
Performance note: Massoud El Amaratly was born to Moula Saad as a girl named Massouda in the small town of Amarah (province Maysan in southern Iraq). He preferred to dress, act and sing as a man. In Baghdad he became famous as a very skilled and innovate singer (very high and distinctive voice) and for the rendition of rifi songs (music from the countryside in southern Iraq). Side-B Music: Rifi song genre; the finger snapping (iṣbi‘) is a favourite way to produce rhythmic figures in southern Iraq and links the song to the Arabic Bedouin tradition. The singer is supported by a chorus. Musical instruments are: violin, qānūn box zither, the lute ‘ūd and a drum (darbūkka?); finger snapping and clapping.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Amaratly, Massoud El: Hairan

9CS0025129 (S2)
Item title: Lala lalal helou
Contributor: Amaratly, Massoud El
Matrix number: 0C2354
Performance note: Massoud El Amaratly was born to Moula Saad as a girl named Massouda in the small town of Amarah (province Maysan in southern Iraq). He preferred to dress, act and sing as a man. In Baghdad he became famous as a very skilled and innovate singer (very high and distinctive voice) and for the rendition of rifi songs (music from the countryside in southern Iraq). Side-B Music: Rifi song genre which links the song to the Arabic Bedouin tradition. The singer is supported by a chorus. Musical instruments are: violins, qānūn box zither, santūr (a hammered dulcimer), the lute ‘ūd and a drum (darbūkka?).
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Amaratly, Massoud El: Lala lalal helou

9CS0025140 (S2)
Item title: Nadat anhal kamis
Contributor: Hawazwaz, Sett Mounira
Matrix number: OZ 68  30-12312
Performance note: Pesta genre of Iraq. The Jewish Iraqi singer Sett Mounira Hawazwaz (‘Sett’ being used for honorific for ‘Lady’) lived from 1900 to 1972 and was a renowned singer in Iraq. Indicating on the label ('Qoweity Female Song with acc.')  the musical piece is originally from Kuwait. There is a high possibility that the two Kuwaiti musicians Dawud al-Kuweiti (singer, composer and ‘ūd player, 1910-1976 ) and Salih al-Kuweiti (lyricist, violin player, 1908-1986) supported Mounira and/or wrote the song. Both were born in Kuwait into an Iraqi family from Basra and got known in the Iraqi music scene from end of 1920s and 1930s onwards. The singer interacts with a chorus in call-response style. Musical instruments are: violin, qānūn box zither (or the santūr, a hammered dulcimer) and drums (daff or darbūkka?).
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Hawazwaz, Sett Mounira: Nadat anhal kamis

9CS0025121 (S2)
Item title: Sara adda'ghn
Contributor: Amaratly, Massoud El
Matrix number: 0C2334

Performance note: Massoud El Amaratly was born to Moula Saad as a girl named Massouda in the small town of Amarah (province Maysan in southern Iraq). He preferred to dress, act and sing as a man. In Baghdad he became famous as a very skilled and innovate singer (very high and distinctive voice) and for the rendition of rifi songs (music from the countryside in southern Iraq). Side-A Music: Rifi song genre; the finger snapping (iṣbi‘) is a favourite way to produce rhythmic figures in southern Iraq and links the song to the Arabic Bedouin tradition. The singer is supported by a chorus. Musical instruments are: violin, qānūn box zither, the lute ‘ūd and a drum (darbūkka?); finger snapping and clapping.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Amaratly, Massoud El: Sara adda'ghn

9CS0025138 (1)
Item title: Youahidouni la khanani
Contributor: Pasha, Sett Salima
Matrix number: OZ 69  30-11989
Performance note: Pesta song. The Jewish Iraqi singer Sett Salima Pasha (later: Salima Murad; ‘Sett’ being used for honorific for ‘Lady’; ‘Pasha‘ an honorific title) lived from 1900 to 1972 and was the best-known singer in Iraq. Indicating on the label ('Koweiti Female Song with acc.')  the musical piece is originally from Kuwait. There is a high possibility that the two Kuwaiti musicians Dawud al-Kuweiti (singer, composer and ‘ūd player, 1910-1976 ) and Salih al-Kuweiti (lyricist, violin player, 1908-1986) supported Salima and/or wrote the song. Both were born in Kuwait into an Iraqi family from Basra and got known in the Iraqi music scene from end of 1920s and 1930s onwards. Musical instruments are: violin, qānūn box zither (or the santūr, a hammered dulcimer) and drums (daff or darbūkka?). With her husband, the famous singer Nazim Al-Ghazali, Salima became renowed as an expert pesta singer.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/ 

Pasha, Sett Salima: Youahidouni la khanani

9CS0026165(S1)
Item title: Ahiman terdoun ma terdoun
Contributor: El Amaratly, Massoud
Matrix number: 0C2336
Performance note: Massoud El Amaratly was born to Moula Saad as a girl named Massouda in the small town of Amarah (province Maysan in southern Iraq). He preferred to dress, act and sing as a man. In Baghdad he became famous as a very skilled and innovate singer (very high and distinctive voice) and for the rendition of rifi songs (music from the countryside in southern Iraq). Side-A Music: Rifi song genre; the finger snapping is (iṣbi‘) is a favourite way to produce rhythmic figures in southern Iraq and links the song to the Arabic Bedouin tradition. In the middle portion of the song the singer is supported by a chorus. Musical instruments are: violin, the lute ‘ūd and a drum (darbūkka?); finger snapping and clapping.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

El Amaratly, Massoud: Ahiman terdoun ma terdoun

9CS0025129 (S1)
Item title: Wakkher el abaya
Contributor: Amaratly, Massoud El
Matrix number: 0C2353

Performance note: Massoud El Amaratly was born to Moula Saad as a girl named Massouda in the small town of Amarah (province Maysan in southern Iraq). He preferred to dress, act and sing as a man. In Baghdad he became famous as a very skilled and innovate singer (very high and distinctive voice) and for the rendition of rifi songs (music from the countryside in southern Iraq). Side-A Music: Rifi song genre; the finger snapping (iṣbi‘) is a favourite way to produce rhythmic figures in southern Iraq and links the song to the Arabic Bedouin tradition. The singer is supported by a chorus. Musical instruments are: violins, qānūn box zither, santūr (a hammered dulcimer) and a drum (darbūkka?); finger snapping.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Amaratly, Massoud El: Wakkher el abaya

9CS0025133 (S2)
Item title: Oskot Oskot ya walidi 2
Contributor: Pasha, Sett Salima
Matrix number: 0C2303
Performance note: Pesta genre of Iraq. The Jewish Iraqi singer Sett Salima Pasha (later: Salima Murad; ‘Sett’ being used for honorific for ‘Lady’; ‘Pasha‘ an honorific title) lived from 1900 to 1972 and was the best-known singer in Iraq. There is a high possibility that the two Kuwaiti musicians Dawud al-Kuweiti (singer and ‘ūd player, 1910-1976 ) and Salih al-Kuweiti (lyricist, composer, violin player, 1908-1986) supported Salima and/or wrote the song. Both were born in Kuwait into an Iraqi family from Basra and got known in the Iraqi music scene from end of 1920s and 1930s onwards. The title indicating that the piece is continued on the second side. Musical instruments are: violin, qānūn box zither (or the santūr, a hammered dulcimer), and drums (daff or darbūkka?). With her husband, the famous singer Nazim Al-Ghazali, Salima became renowed as an expert pesta singer.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Pasha, Sett Salima: Oskot Oskot ya walidi, 2

9CS0025130 (S2)
Item title: Bou jnagh
Contributor: Amaratly, Massoud El
Matrix number: 0C2339
Performance note: Massoud El Amaratly was born to Moula Saad as a girl named Massouda in the small town of Amarah (province Maysan in southern Iraq). He preferred to dress, act and sing as a man. In Baghdad he became famous as a very skilled and innovate singer (very high and distinctive voice) and for the rendition of rifi songs (music from the countryside in southern Iraq).  Side-B Music: Rifi song genre; the finger snapping is (iṣbi‘) is a favourite way to produce rhythmic figures in southern Iraq and links the song to the Arabic Bedouin tradition. The singer is supported by a chorus. Musical instruments are: violin, qānūn box zither, santūr (a hammered dulcimer), the lute ‘ūd and a drum (darbūkka?); finger snapping.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Amaratly, Massoud El: Bou jnagh

9CS0025121 (S2)
Item title: Soda eshlahany
Contributor: Amaratly, Massoud El
Matrix number: 0C2335
Performance note: Massoud El Amaratly was born to Moula Saad as a girl named Massouda in the small town of Amarah (province Maysan in southern Iraq). He preferred to dress, act and sing as a man. In Baghdad he became famous as a very skilled and innovate singer (very high and distinctive voice) and for the rendition of rifi songs (music from the countryside in southern Iraq). Side-B Music: Rifi song genre; the finger snapping is (iṣbi‘) is a favourite way to produce rhythmic figures in southern Iraq and links the song to the Arabic Bedouin tradition. The singer is supported by a chorus. Musical instruments are: violin, qānūn box zither, santūr (a hammered dulcimer), the lute ‘ūd and a drum (darbūkka?); finger snapping.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Amaratly, Massoud El: Soda eshlahany

9CS0026171 (S1)
Item title: Aboudieh: Ya nahi (Dashty)
Contributor: Hakim, Nasser
Matrix number: 0C2345
Performance note: Nasser Hakhim (1910-1991) was a well-known singer of abūd̲īya, rifi and pesta songs. He was born in Amarah (southern Iraq) and moved to Baghdad, where he opened a small café known for rifi music.  Side-A The song belongs to the urban abūd̲īya (also spelled aboodiya, aboudieh or aboudiya) genre. This is a popular poetic-musical song genre, which was once performed by professional and semi-professional singers in the urban centres of Iraq.  Musical instruments and music: ‘ūd, qānūn box zither and violin; without metered rhythm and rhythm instruments; occasional instrumental interludes; beautifully melismatic. The name of the singer is mentioned at the beginning of the recording. The title, Dashty, could refer to the origin of the musical piece (or the lyrics) from the Hormozgan Province in Iran.
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Hakim, Nasser: Aboudieh: Ya nahi (Dashty)

9CS0026170 (S2)
Item title: Wenini
Contributor: Aziz, Hedeiri Abou
Matrix number: 0C2331
Performance note: Rifi genre of Iraq. The Iraqi singer Hedeiri Abou Aziz (also spelled: 'Hdhairy', 'Hedeiry' 'Khedeiri', Abu), born in Nasiriyya (southern Iraq) was the best-known Rifi singer in Iraq. Side B (0C2331).The singer is supported by clapping. Musical instruments are: jōza (bowed fiddle, four strings and coconut shell resonator, or violin), qānūn box zither (or the santūr, a hammered dulcimer), ‘ūd and drum (darbūkka?). .
Recording from the Middle Eastern music on shellac disc on BL sounds: http://sounds.bl.uk/World-and-traditional-music/Middle-Eastern-music-on-shellac-disc

Usage terms: Public Domain - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

Aziz, Hedeiri Abou: Wenini

IPR and Copyright Info:

To the extent possible under law, The British Library Board who associated CC0 with the metadata in these works has waived all copyright and related or neighbouring rights to the metadata in these works. Wherever possible we would ask you when reusing the metadata in these works to credit The British Library Board.

For further information on the intellectual property rights in performance, recording and composition, please see the description for each individual track.

Qatar Digital Library

Popular tracks