These Ragas are so flexible and always make sense...
...but the penultima needs to be started at the last drum beat...
Then, all gamakas and meends fall into place perfectly.
I should have understood that earlier.

The Age of Cesario Gussago

Viadana - La Ferrarese - Guru Nanak - Gagan mai thaal (Dhanashri)

Again, correcting a mistake leads to new perspectives.
The Dowland fantasy worked somehow with Alhaiya Bilawal, but the true origin seems to be the vakra Raga Gaud Sarang, which is amazing.
Also, the "Fantasy" part of the Dhrupad Alap with its pulsating notes is very akin to Dowlands style in this lute piece.

Gaud Sarang Dhrupad Mix (Dowland - Gussago - Cavalli - Merula) Pt. Uday Bhawalkar

I think this has become clear evidence by now...

Thank you, Paul O'Dette.

Francesco N8 - Cazzati - Sopra Sette Note - Gaud Sarang Ektal Tintaal (Tushar Dutta)

An older mix that has proven to be very enlightening.
Note the echo effects in both layers of music.

Dowland Fantasy 7 - Gussago La Fontana - Gaud Sarang (Kishori Amonkar)

Rarely does it mix so well. This part of the Khyal matches in every possible way. Percussion is the key.

Gabrieli - Canzon Quarta - Chayanat (Ust. Rashid Khan)

Gabrieli - Canzon Noni Toni// Tansen - Bhairavi (Ust. Rashid Khan)

A better mix of this very compatible pair.

Sikh Ragas

Gabrieli La Spiritata - Dhanashri Shaan (Prof. Surinder Singh)

Possible Indian dance in European source of lute music.
[Praha IV. G 18  - Lute Book of Aegidius Rettenwert]

Aegidius Rettenwert Lute Book - F. 63v Balleto Indico

After trying several similar Raags, I found that Shankara Raag is this special emotion and structure needed for the exciting Sonatas in C by Valentini.


Giovanni Valentini Mix - Shankara Raga (Pt. Ragunath Talegaonkar)

Chaconnes can be in different talas and ragas, they are not bound to Ektaal and Gaud Sarang Type. Chhayanat is a most popular Raag in Europe it seems, at least in the version presumably developed by Tansen. It may even be influenced by European music first, but I have not yet found any mentioning of this in Indian texts.

Chhayanat Raag Mix - Omkar Dadarkar - Chaconne (Rebel) - Canzon IV (Gabrieli)

Sorry for deleting the previous one, this is even better.

Omkar Dadarkar - Shankara Raag - Valentini Sonata in C

I finally managed to put together a serviceable mix of Hamir and the infamous Enharmonic Sonata by Valentini. What a ride.

Valentini - Sonata in g - Priya Purushothaman - Hamir

In its didactic form, this Raga exercise exactly matches the development in Valentini's Sonata, also the weird enharmonic shift is made clear.

Raga Hamir Students - Valentini Sonata in g

This is probably the most important finding yet.

This is not just a similarity, it is the same music, down to the rhythmic ambiguity of the typical early ciacona.

This leads to very significant conclusions also for performance practice in Italy, where the Colascione might have been used or even been developed as a Tanpura substitute.

Tarquinio Merula - Ciacona - Raga Gaud Sarang (Kishori Amonkar)

The slow Raga Gaud Sarang to the slow ciacona.

Ciacona - Raga Gaud Sarang (Kishori Amonkar)

Finally I found the European model of Yaman - it is called "Ruggiero" and appears in quite many Lute manuscripts with ties to probable Indian music collectors like Vincenzo Galilei.

Christian Herwich - Ruggiero - Raga Yaman Jhala (Ronu Majumdar)

This seems to be the right Raga, which accounts for all the movements in this Canzon.

Tristan von Neumann

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