In this episode we respond to a listener question about our top 5 examples of scientific racism. Unfortunately, in the five years of this podcast, we’ve only discussed two of these people/topics, so we’ve got a lot of work to do to get up to speed. The transcript includes references and resources for these topics: http://speakingofrace.ua.edu/uploads/1/1/0/5/110557873/transcript.pdf

Top 5 Scientific Racisms

​In this episode, we think we’ve finally found the main culprit: Immanuel Kant! We also discuss two scientists that get a lot of undeserved blame for scientific racism: Johann Friedrich Blumenbach and Petrus Camper.
Some Resources:
To see where these Enlightenment views on race have ended up today, we give you two Steve King interviews. 1. At the Republican Convention: https://youtu.be/Ti5t1WXMs9k; and 2. defending those remarks: https://youtu.be/w3sV6NN5gqs
Sally Hatch Gray, “Kant’s Race Theory, Forster’s Counter, and the Metaphysics of Color,” The Eighteenth Century, Vol. 53, No. 4 (WINTER 2012), pp. 393-412.
Very, Ryan. “Kant’s Racism” (2012)
For a view on Kant that says he tempered his racism in his later works, see Kleingeld, Pauline. “Kant’s second thoughts on race.” The Philosophical Quarterly 57, no. 229 (2007): 573-592.
For a good look at problems with translations of Blumenbach, see Michael, John S. “Nuance Lost in Translation: Interpretations of JF Blumenbach’s Anthropology in the English Speaking World.” NTM 25, no. 3 (2017): 281-309.
Meijer, Miriam Claude, and Petrus Camper. “Petrus Camper on the Origin and Color of Blacks.” History of Anthropology Newsletter 24, no. 2 (1997): 3-9.
Müller-Wille, Staffan. “Linnaeus and the Four Corners of the World.” The Cultural Politics of Blood, 1500–1900. Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2014. 191-209.

16 Race In The Enlightenment, Part 2 - Kant And Blumenbach

In this episode we begin the very long story of the pseudo-scientific conflation of race and intelligence over the last several hundred years. Much more to come on this topic in future podcasts.
Transcript: http://speakingofrace.ua.edu/uploads/1/1/0/5/110557873/race_and_intelligence_part_1.pdf
Some episode resources:
Jensen, Arthur. "How much can we boost IQ and scholastic achievement?" Harvard educational review 39, no. 1 (1969): 1-123.
Spearman, Charles. "" General Intelligence," objectively determined and measured." The American Journal of Psychology 15, no. 2 (1904): 201-292.
Goddard, Henry Herbert. The Kallikak Family: A Study in the Heredity of Feeble-Mindedness (New York: Macmillan Company, 1912).
Terman, Lewis Madison. The Measurement of Intelligence: An Explanation of and a Complete Guide for the Use of the Stanford Revision and Extension of the Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1916).
Brigham, Carl Campbell. A Study of American Intelligence (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1923), 197.
Brigham, Carl Campbell. "Intelligence Tests of Immigrant Groups," Psychological Review 37, no. 2 (1930): 165.

24 Race And Intelligence, Part 1

In this episode we try to shed some light on the shadowy Pioneer Fund which has supported racist science and white supremacist political activism since the 1930s. From its founder Wycliffe Draper through Henry Garrett and Roger Pearson with Mankind Quarterly to William Shockley and Arthur Jensen and finally The Bell Curve, we trace some of the racist threads that dogged the 20th century and are still active.
Transcript: http://speakingofrace.ua.edu/uploads/1/1/0/5/110557873/race_and_intelligence_part_3.pdf

27 Race And Intelligence, Part3

​In the fourth and final installment of our mini-series on race and intelligence, we get right-up-to-the-minute with James Watson’s recent (unfounded) claims that genetics and IQ are linked. Along the way, we figure out how IQ research has changed since the 1990s (spoiler alert: not much), and—most importantly—why people keep returning to this stuff even though it’s never been substantiated.
Transcript: http://speakingofrace.ua.edu/uploads/1/1/0/5/110557873/race_and_intelligence_part_4.pdf

28 Race And Intelligence, Part4

A brief discussion of what Speaking of Race is all about.
Transcript and links: http://speakingofrace.ua.edu/uploads/1/1/0/5/110557873/what_is_speaking_of_race.pdf
Episodes mentioned:
What you don’t see when you don’t look https://youtu.be/1pwQuN4AM7k 
THE PROTESTS ABOUT THE DEATH OF GEORGE FLOYD http://speakingofrace.ua.edu/podcast/the-protests-about-the-death-of-george-floyd 
THE BEGINNING OF RACE http://speakingofrace.ua.edu/podcast/the-beginning-of-race 
RACE IN BRAZIL http://speakingofrace.ua.edu/podcast/august-26th-2018 
RACISM AND BLACK BODIES http://speakingofrace.ua.edu/podcast/racism-and-black-bodies 
RACE IN INDIA, PART 1 http://speakingofrace.ua.edu/podcast/race-in-india-part-1 
RACE IN INDIA, PART 2 http://speakingofrace.ua.edu/podcast/july-15th-2018 
MONOGENISM AND POLYGENISM http://speakingofrace.ua.edu/podcast/monogenism-and-polygenism 
RACE AND THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT http://speakingofrace.ua.edu/podcast/race-and-the-human-genome-project 
RACE AND ATHLETICS http://speakingofrace.ua.edu/podcast/race-and-athletics 
DNA ANCESTRY TESTING AND RACE http://speakingofrace.ua.edu/podcast/dna-ancestry-testing-and-race 
SCIENTIFIC RACISM http://speakingofrace.ua.edu/podcast/scientific-racism

What is Speaking of Race

How did race become such a flash point in modern society, and why does it remain contentious in our genomic age?
          In this first-of-its-kind trans-disciplinary podcast, biological anthropologist Jim Bindon joins with cultural anthropologist Lesley Jo Weaver and historian of science Erik L. Peterson to explore our species centuries' long debates over how to define biological and behavioral difference, and why it continues to matter today.
See more about us at: http://speakingofrace.ua.edu/

27 Race And Intelligence, Part3

Speaking of Race

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