Today’s cover art is by our Super IFFer listener, Josh Haberman! It’s inspired by our episode “Underwater Civilizations” and he says, it’s inspired by something Gaby said in the show. Josh explains: “I think the description was along the lines of "We're setting up on a beach and marching out of the water are heavy metal merpeople blitzed out in whalebone armor with breathing bladders over their heads". I used jellyfish as the breathing bladders though I don't know if that would work science wise XD.”We thank you Josh! See more of Josh’s work on his homepage: https://artofjoshhaberman.blogspot.com/And we encourage all of you to send in your artwork inspired by anything in the IF’s of the past or present! 

In this week’s episode, dive into the thrilling cosmic wilderness as your hosts, Philip and Gaby, grapple with space vacuum monsters! This exhilarating journey is filled with metaphoric Kaiju, colossal cosmic beings that inhabit the most inhospitable corners of the universe. As we navigate this celestial safari, we challenge the tenets of physics, question the nature of emptiness, and confront the enigmatic denizens of the cosmic vacuum.

Philip and Gaby, armed with curiosity and a sense of adventure, are your guides through the fascinating world of theoretical possibilities. Drawing from Gaby's expertise in virology and Philip's knack for storytelling, they entertain and educate with a unique blend of scientific insight and sci-fi wonder. Tune in to discover the unimaginable realities that could exist beyond our terrestrial sphere.

In "Space Vacuum MONSTERS!", we delve into the mysteries of the cosmos, venturing into thought experiments and scientific speculations. Each moment is a collision of knowledge and imagination, as we bring science, philosophy, and the joy of "what if" to your ears. Whether you're a scientist, a sci-fi fan, or just a curious mind looking for an intriguing listen, this episode promises a riveting exploration of the cosmic unknown.

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Find out more about Gaby's upcoming science fiction short story publication, coming soon! 

Here are the links for the anthology. The physical copy can be pre-ordered here : https://www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

The ebook can be pre-ordered here: https://www.neonhemlock.com/ebooks/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

---

Check out our membership rewards! Visit us at Patreon.com/Whattheif

Got an IF of your own? Want to have us consider your idea for a show topic? Send YOUR IF to us! Email us at feedback@whattheif.com and let us know what's in your imagination. No idea is too small, or too big!

Don’t miss an episode! Subscribe at WhatTheIF.com

Keep On IFFin',
Philip, Matt & Gaby

What The IF?

Space Vacuum MONSTERS!

In this week's episode, "MUON Madness!", Matt and I dive into the enigmatic world of muons. If you're scratching your head wondering what muons are, you're not alone. But by the end of this episode, you'll be as fascinated by them as we are.

Muons are more than just subatomic particles; they're potential game-changers in the realm of physics. Matt breaks down why these tiny particles are drawing so much attention from the scientific community. Think of them as the unsung heroes that could unlock new layers of understanding about our universe.

So grab your headphones and tune in. If you're intrigued by the mysteries of the universe, this episode is for you. We explore some of the biggest questions in science, and trust me, you won't want to miss this deep dive into the world of muons!

---

Find out more about Gaby's upcoming science fiction short story publication, coming soon! 

Here are the links for the anthology. The physical copy can be pre-ordered here : https://www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

The ebook can be pre-ordered here: https://www.neonhemlock.com/ebooks/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

---

Check out our membership rewards! Visit us at Patreon.com/Whattheif

Got an IF of your own? Want to have us consider your idea for a show topic? Send YOUR IF to us! Email us at feedback@whattheif.com and let us know what's in your imagination. No idea is too small, or too big!

Don’t miss an episode! Subscribe at WhatTheIF.com

Keep On IFFin',
Philip, Matt & Gaby

MUON Madness!

Hey there, science enthusiasts and curious minds! It's Gaby and Philip here from What The IF, and we've got a hilariously explosive episode for you! 🌌💥 Thanks to our devoted listener SpaceViking from Sweden, we're diving into a side-splitting, yet scientifically intriguing question: 'What the if... Flatulence possessed lethal properties?' Imagine a world where a simple fart could be a matter of life and death! Join us as we navigate this fragrant minefield, discussing the chemical composition of flatulence, its impact on the environment, and, most importantly, its potential as a deadly force. We guarantee giggles and gasps of amazement, as we blend science with a touch of absurdity. Tune in for an episode that's sure to clear the room!

---

Check out our membership rewards! Visit us at Patreon.com/Whattheif

Got an IF of your own? Want to have us consider your idea for a show topic? Send YOUR IF to us! Email us at feedback@whattheif.com and let us know what's in your imagination. No idea is too small, or too big!

Don’t miss an episode! Subscribe at WhatTheIF.com

Keep On IFFin',
Philip, Matt & Gaby

Silent But DEADLY

Hey, "What The IF" fans! This is Philip, and together with Gaby, we've brewed up a sleep-deprived adventure in our latest episode. We dive into the world of micro naps, inspired by chinstrap penguins and their thousand daily snoozes. Imagine a world where humans, just like these penguins, nod off hundreds of times a day. How would our jobs, cars, and even sports adapt? From vigilant parenting to the evolution of traffic laws, we explore the hilarious and intriguing consequences of this sleep-pattern switch. Buckle up for a journey through a world punctuated by mini-naps and discover the surprisingly profound implications of these brief slumbers!

---

Check out our membership rewards! Visit us at Patreon.com/Whattheif

Got an IF of your own? Want to have us consider your idea for a show topic? Send YOUR IF to us! Email us at feedback@whattheif.com and let us know what's in your imagination. No idea is too small, or too big!

Don’t miss an episode! Subscribe at WhatTheIF.com

Keep On IFFin',
Philip, Matt & Gaby

SLEEP No More!

Dive into an electrifying journey of mind-bending possibilities with Matt, Gaby, and Philip on the latest episode of "What The If." This rollercoaster of intellectual exploration was sparked by a fascinating suggestion from Dean Victoria Rosner of the Gallatin School at NYU. Imagine a world where mind swaps are not just a sci-fi fantasy but a mind-twisting reality. Delve into the intriguing intricacies and ethical dilemmas posed by such an extraordinary concept. The trio navigates through a labyrinth of questions like the nature of identity, the relationship between mind and body, and the potential societal chaos in a world where mind-swapping is possible. Whether you're a science aficionado or simply love pondering the 'what-ifs' of our universe, this episode is a thrilling blend of humor, science, and imaginative speculation that will leave you questioning the very essence of self!

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Find out more about Gaby's science fiction short story! 

Here are the links for the anthology. The physical copy can be ordered here : https://www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

The ebook can be ordered here: https://www.neonhemlock.com/ebooks/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

BRAIN Swap!

Join us for an enthralling podcast episode where hosts Matt, Gaby, and Philip, along with guest C. Renée James, dive into the captivating world of gravitational waves. We explore the concept of 'hearing' these space-time ripples, originating from pulsars and black hole mergers. James enlightens us on the nuances of these waves, from their cosmic chirps to their detection by LIGO. This humorous and curious conversation not only demystifies complex physics but also provides a unique 'soundtrack' to the cosmos, making it a must-listen for science enthusiasts and casual learners alike.

Learn more about Renée's book, "Things That Go Bump in the Universe: How Astronomers Decode Cosmic Chaos" here: https://www.press.jhu.edu/books/authors/c-renee-james

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Find out more about Gaby's science fiction short story! 

Here are the links for the anthology. The physical copy can be ordered here : https://www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

The ebook can be ordered here: https://www.neonhemlock.com/ebooks/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

MUSIC of Gravitational Waves! With C. Renee JAMES

We've got a special treat for you! Usually reserved exclusively for our Patreon supporters, we're sharing a "Beyond The If" segment with everyone this time.  

We had a blast reflecting on our recent episode with C. Renee James. Our chat wandered from discussing the fascinating world of drumming, the intriguing connections between science and music, to sharing personal stories about our own musical journeys. It's these light-hearted, behind-the-scenes conversations that remind us how much fun science can be.

MUSIC of Gravitational Waves: Beyond The IF!

In our latest episode, we're diving into a wild world where electric shocks can lead to new genes! Picture this: zebrafish larvae in a tank, minding their own business, when suddenly, zapped by electric eels, they start glowing green. It's all about natural electroporation – sounds fancy, right? We chat about how this bizarre experiment opens doors to understanding genetic flexibility and the randomness of gene transfer. Imagine the evolutionary twists this could cause! Join us as we mix hard science with a pinch of humor, pondering over the quirky ways nature might play with genetics. Tune in for a blend of facts and fun speculations!

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Find out more about Gaby's science fiction short story! 

Here are the links for the anthology. The physical copy can be ordered here : https://www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

The ebook can be ordered here: https://www.neonhemlock.com/ebooks/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

SHOCK Week!

Dive into a world where the chalkboard meets the hologram in this riveting episode of "What The IF"! Join Philip, Matt, and Gaby as they venture into the classrooms of the future, where holographic teachers reign supreme. Imagine Albert Einstein teaching physics, and Marie Curie guiding you through chemistry, all from the comfort of your classroom, or even your living room. But it's not all quantum leaps and bounds; our hosts ponder the quirks of remote learning, from the intimacy of tea and cookies with holograms to the peculiar notion of holographic open-heart surgery in space. Can technology replace the warmth of a human touch or the serendipity of a hallway conversation? Will universities turn into Netflix-like services, offering courses by celebrity scientists? And, of course, the existential question: will AI eventually render human educators obsolete, or will the traditional classroom survive the digital onslaught? Buckle up for a hilarious journey through the possibilities and pitfalls of virtual education, where the future of learning is only a hologram away.

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Find out more about Gaby's science fiction short story! 

Here are the links for the anthology. The physical copy can be ordered here : https://www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

The ebook can be ordered here: https://www.neonhemlock.com/ebooks/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

Holographic TEACHERS!

Dive into the microscopic world of tardigrades as we explore the astonishing resilience of these tiny creatures. From the depths of space to the highest peaks and the hottest springs, tardigrades have proven themselves as the ultimate survivors. Join us as we discuss their unique abilities, including possibly surviving in the vacuum of space, withstanding extreme temperatures, and even the potential of tardigrade-inspired human resilience. Imagine a world where humans possess the hardiness of tardigrades; what would life be like if we could endure the harshest environments or travel through space without a care? Let's embark on this thought experiment together and uncover the secrets of these fascinating microorganisms. Listen now and be amazed by the tiny but mighty tardigrade!

---

Find out more about Gaby's science fiction short story! 

Here are the links for the anthology. The physical copy can be ordered here : https://www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

The ebook can be ordered here: https://www.neonhemlock.com/ebooks/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

TARDIGRADE Powered Humans!

This week's episode takes a leap inspired by the latest in AI video generation to explore the concept of the Star Trek holodeck. Imagine a future where holodecks are a part of every household. We dive into the endless possibilities and the transformative potential of having personal holographic spaces. How would education, entertainment, and our understanding of history change if holodecks were real? Join us on a journey through the implications and exciting prospects of integrating holographic technology into daily life.

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Find out more about Gaby's science fiction short story! 

Here are the links for the anthology. The physical copy can be ordered here : https://www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

The ebook can be ordered here: https://www.neonhemlock.com/ebooks/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

The HOLODECK

Our podcast episode embarks on a thought-provoking adventure led by the curiosity of Lars from Sweden. Imagine a society where modern conveniences and technological advancements are powered not by electricity, but by steam and sheer ingenuity. From the whimsical to the profound, we delve into the implications of such a world, exploring everything from the resurgence of gas lighting and the peculiar logistics of podcast delivery, to the potential environmental impacts and the quirky ways we might communicate across the globe. Join us as we ponder the steampunk-esque realities, laugh at the absurdities of daily life powered by alternative means, and marvel at the human capacity to adapt and innovate.

STEAM World!

In this episode, we dive into a thought-provoking journey of what could happen if humanity had to restart on Earth after different timeframes due to a complete extinction event. Imagine waking up as a clone with no prior knowledge of the world, or as a human re-seeded by aliens or from other human colonies. We explore scenarios spanning 100 years to 10,000 years, each presenting unique challenges and opportunities for rebuilding civilization. From the survival of concrete structures and the resilience of certain animals and plants to the rediscovery of lost technology and the potential misinterpretation of our current day objects as ancient artifacts, this episode navigates the fascinating concept of repopulating Earth. Tune in to unravel the complexities of starting from scratch, the impact of time on the remnants of human civilization, and how future generations might interpret the artifacts left behind by us. This imaginative exploration, inspired by a listener named Aurie from Bundaberg, Queensland, Australia, promises to spark curiosity and wonder about the resilience and adaptability of humanity and the legacy we leave behind. Listen now at http://whattheif.com/ to join us on this extraordinary speculative adventure.

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Find out more about Gaby's science fiction short story! 

Here are the links for the anthology. The physical copy can be ordered here : https://www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

The ebook can be ordered here: https://www.neonhemlock.com/ebooks/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

REPOPULATE The Earth!

In a bizarre thought experiment ripped from a headline in Scientific American, we explore a world where humans have developed a genetic mutation similar to some Labrador retrievers that causes constant hunger. This leads us down a hilarious path of imagining cities with celery slurry piped to every home, space missions needing to carry vast tanks of liquified celery, and foosball becoming the new national pastime in a low-energy society. Join us as we follow this delightfully absurd scenario to its conclusion and have some laughs about our least favorite vegetable.

EATING Like Pandas!

Intriguing documents lost to history could be recovered with futuristic technology, offering insights into ancient civilizations and solving long-standing historical mysteries. From the burnt scrolls of Herculaneum and missing books of the Iliad, to the construction plans of the Egyptian pyramids and the mechanical wonders of the Antikythera mechanism, a magical book-reading device could unveil the secrets of the past. Even the recovery of early Christian gospels or the original intentions behind the U.S. Constitution could shake up our understanding of religion and law. Join this captivating exploration into how lost knowledge might be regained.

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Find out more about Gaby's science fiction short story! 

Here are the links for the anthology. The physical copy can be ordered here : https://www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

The ebook can be ordered here: https://www.neonhemlock.com/ebooks/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

ANCIENT Libraries!

Our special guest Chris Carberry of EXPLORE MARS, author of the new book THE MUSIC OF SPACE  joins us! We imagine a civilization on a distant, cloud-covered planet called Seattle Nine. Their only glimpse into the universe beyond comes from intercepting old Earth movies and TV shows, which they believe to be real documentaries about space. As they piece together the evolution of space travel through the music in these films, a fascinating picture emerges. From the Wagnerian scores of early sci-fi to the brassy themes of Star Wars, they conclude that each alien species has its own musical soundtrack, that space itself changes sound over time, and that music may even be the key to communicating with extraterrestrial life. Join us on a humorous journey into the music of space exploration, as seen through the eyes of our fictional cosmic neighbors.

Learn more about Chris’ book, THE MUSIC OF SPACE on Amazon

https://a.co/d/31F8gEP

Barnes & Noble

https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/the-music-of-space-chris-carberry/1143391721

and wherever you get your books!

Learn more about EXPLORE MARS’ incredible annual conference, The HUMANS TO MARS SUMMIT at https://www.ExploreMars.org. Sign up now for the upcoming event, May 7-8, 2024 in Washington D.C.

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Find out more about Gaby's science fiction short story! 

Here are the links for the anthology. The physical copy can be ordered here : https://www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

The ebook can be ordered here: https://www.neonhemlock.com/ebooks/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

MUSIC In SPACE - With Chris Carberry of EXPLORE MARS!

Dive into an electrifying journey where the unthinkable becomes reality – a world without the power to read! In this episode, inspired by a brilliant thought experiment from Lars in Sweden, we plunge into a universe where humanity wakes up to find all written language undecipherable. Imagine your phone, books, and even street signs turning into incomprehensible symbols overnight. How would this sudden shift affect our daily lives, technologies, and the very fabric of society? From exploring the immediate chaos to the long-term adaptations, such as a resurgence of the oral tradition and the pivotal role of video as our new primary knowledge repository, we unravel the consequences of this global phenomenon. It's a compelling blend of speculation and science that will fascinate anyone intrigued by the foundations of communication and the resilience of human ingenuity in the face of unprecedented challenges. Tune in and ponder, what if the human race could suddenly no longer read?

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Find out more about Gaby's science fiction short story! 

Here are the links for the anthology. The physical copy can be ordered here : https://www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

The ebook can be ordered here: https://www.neonhemlock.com/ebooks/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

READ No More!

Embark on a mind-bending thought experiment as our intrepid explorers dive deep into the annals of history, imagining how early humans might have unraveled the mysteries of solar eclipses. From cave paintings to mythical tales of celestial dragons, join the journey as Throg and his tribe attempt to make sense of the sun's sudden disappearance. Join us as we ponder the birth of astronomy and the evolution of scientific thinking.

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Find out more about Gaby's science fiction short story! 

Here are the links for the anthology. The physical copy can be ordered here : https://www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

The ebook can be ordered here: https://www.neonhemlock.com/ebooks/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

ECLIPSE For Cavemen!

Dive into the mysteries of the "Infinite Library" in this enthralling episode! Join our adventurers as they explore a hypothetical library filled with an infinite number of books, where every conceivable thought and theory is penned down. Discover the humorous possibilities of encountering books written by alternate versions of yourself, or even navigating a library so vast you might need a thread to find your way back. From theoretical skeletons holding coveted books to the amusing pitfalls of infinite knowledge, this episode offers a whimsical journey through a limitless repository of human—and possibly non-human—wisdom.

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Find out more about Gaby's science fiction short story! 

Here are the links for the anthology. The physical copy can be ordered here : https://www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

The ebook can be ordered here: https://www.neonhemlock.com/ebooks/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

The LIBRARY of INFINITY!

This week on "What The IF?" Philip and Gaby tackle the uproarious tale of a fish so small it could masquerade as a grain of rice, yet so loud it puts rock concerts to shame! In the streams of Myanmar, this tiny troubadour belts out love ballads louder than a jackhammer to woo its mate. The episode dives into the science behind why this minuscule creature needs to be heard, not just seen. Join us for a soundcheck in nature's own concert hall, where volume is the key to romance and survival. Get ready to turn up the volume and tune in to one of nature's smallest but mightiest vocalists.  

Inspired by the reporting of Elizabeth Anne Brown in the Scientific American article, “This Tiny Fish Makes an Ear-Blasting Screech for Love” https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/this-tiny-fish-makes-an-ear-blasting-screech-for-love/

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Find out more about Gaby's science fiction short story! 

Here are the links for the anthology. The physical copy can be ordered here : https://www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

The ebook can be ordered here: https://www.neonhemlock.com/ebooks/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

SCREAMING For LOVE!

Team IF is OFF this week, we're celebrating Gaby becoming DR. GABY with the completion of her PhD at Rockefeller University!!! We're super proud of her.

So this week we present this encore presentation of one of our most popular episodes, enjoy, and keep those emails coming! WhatTheIF.com/contact -- and send your congratulations to Gaby!

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We salute our newest Patreon members. Thank you: Connie, Martin, and Dan!

Welcome to an icy exploration of reality on this episode of "What The IF?" Dive headfirst into a brain-freezing alternate universe, as Philip, Freya, Gabby, and Matt grapple with an extraordinary question, submitted by our Super Iffer listener, Martin from Frankfurt: What the if... water did not have its highest density at plus four degrees Celsius? The team embarks on an adventure that treads the fine line between physics and biology, unwrapping the counter-intuitive conundrums and startling possibilities that lie ahead.

In this bewildering world, ice doesn't float and frozen lakes become deadly traps for aquatic life. Discover how this slight shift in water's properties could send catastrophic ripples through ecosystems, extinguishing fish populations and upsetting the balance of life. The conversation spans from the microscopic intricacies of water molecules and the life-saving 'anti-freeze' proteins in fish, all the way to the grand scale of planetary bodies.

The team also makes a cosmic detour to Europa, a moon of Jupiter, reputed to hold more water than Earth, highlighting the universal significance of water's unique properties. Could life exist in a world where water behaves differently? Listen in, as the team freezes the status quo and takes you on a fascinating journey through the ice-cold unknown.

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Listen to Gaby's guest appearance on the “Students of Life” podcast: studentsoflife.podbean.com/e/science-c…on-writing/

Find out more about Gaby's upcoming science fiction short story publication, coming soon!

Here are the links for the anthology. The physical copy can be pre-ordered here : www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminesce…ental-invention

The ebook can be pre-ordered here: www.neonhemlock.com/ebooks/luminesc…ental-invention

ICE Insanity!

Do we truly have free will or are our choices predetermined by the particles that make up our universe? This mind-bending episode dives into the age-old debate of free will vs determinism. Explore the fascinating implications of a world without free will - from everyday social interactions to moral responsibility. Discover how the laws of physics might turn us into mere "billiard balls" with our paths set in motion since the Big Bang. But is there a glimmer of hope in the randomness of quantum mechanics? Join the thought-provoking discussion and decide for yourself - if you have a choice, that is!

FATE or Physics?

Matt & Gaby are away on assignment! So I'm alone here in the studio, presenting you with an encore presentation of my conversation with the Star Trek computer which aired last year and became one of our most popular episodes ever. Enjoy! -- Philip

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🚀 Blast off to the 23rd Century in this hilarious and thought-provoking episode of "What The IF?" Join your host, Philip, as he chats with an unexpected guest straight from the Starship Enterprise: the ship's Computer herself! 💻

Take a deep dive into the quirky world of Star Trek and unravel the enigmatic personality behind the Enterprise's AI. Learn about her mysterious origin story - a puzzle as complex as a quantum calculation wrapped up in a futuristic alloy casing. This isn't your typical chatbot; even in her unofficial vacation mode, she serves up her responses with a side of humor that will have you laughing in your space boots.

Discover fascinating trivia about the series, from the groundbreaking decision to give the computer a female voice, to the talented Majel Barrett-Roddenberry who provided her voice from 1966 to 2023. Uncover how her portrayal of the computer voice evolved over time and how Star Trek's progressive vision led to the inclusion of more personalized AI characters like "Data" and "The Doctor."

So strap in, prepare for warp speed, and join this exciting journey across the Star Trek universe. This episode is set to stun! Don't miss it. 🌟

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Find out more about Gaby's upcoming science fiction short story publication, coming soon!

Here are the links for the anthology. The physical copy can be pre-ordered here : www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminesce…ental-invention

The ebook can be pre-ordered here: www.neonhemlock.com/ebooks/luminesc…ental-invention

---

Check out our membership rewards! Visit us at Patreon.com/Whattheif

Got an IF of your own? Want to have us consider your idea for a show topic? Send YOUR IF to us! Email us at feedback@whattheif.com and let us know what's in your imagination. No idea is too small, or too big!

Don’t miss an episode! Subscribe at WhatTheIF.com

Keep On IFFin',
Philip, Matt & Gaby

Meet The Star Trek COMPUTER!

Today's cover art, crafted by listener Josh Haberman, features heavy metal merpeople in whalebone armor inspired by Gaby's vision in our "Underwater Civilizations" episode. Explore more of Josh's work at his blog: https://artofjoshhaberman.blogspot.com and share your own inspired creations!

We're sharing "Space Vacuum MONSTERS!" as an encore presentation while Team IF is away from the studio. This episode delves into cosmic wilderness, exploring space vacuum monsters and metaphoric Kaiju that inhabit the remote corners of the universe. Inspired by one of Gaby's imaginative short stories, "A Sword Between The Stars," it originally aired a while back. Today, we celebrate Gaby, not only for her creative contributions but also for her recent achievement in earning her PhD from Rockefeller University. Congratulations, Gaby, on this wonderful accomplishment!

Gaby's short story "A Sword Between The Stars" is featured in the anthology "Luminescent Machinations: Queer Tales of Monumental Invention," available at Neon Hemlock: https://www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention.

---

Check out our membership rewards! Visit us at https://Patreon.com/Whattheif

Got an IF of your own? Want to have us consider your idea for a show topic? Send YOUR IF to us! Email us at feedback@whattheif.com and let us know what's in your imagination. No idea is too small, or too big!

Don’t miss an episode! Subscribe at https://WhatTheIF.com

Keep On IFFin',
Philip, Matt & Gaby

Explore what it means to live as Schrödinger's Cat! Delve into the mind-bending concept of being in two states at once and how it would feel to experience quantum superposition. Discover modern AI’s take on this classic thought experiment, laugh over a dance floor encounter with Mick Jagger, and hear fascinating tales from history, including an atomic bomb project. This episode is packed with intriguing theories and humorous elements, making the quantum world more relatable. Perfect for both science enthusiasts and curious minds, this journey will challenge your perception of existence!

YOU Are Schrödinger's CAT!

Dive into the bizarre world of anglerfish mating rituals in this wildly entertaining episode! Discover how these deep-sea creatures evolved an unconventional strategy for reproduction in the ocean's dark depths. From males biting and fusing to much larger females, to becoming nothing more than sperm-producing parasites, the strange tale of anglerfish love will leave you amazed and slightly unsettled. Join us as we imagine a human society built on anglerfish rules - where tiny men chase after gigantic women in hopes of clamping on for life. It's a thought-provoking journey filled with humor and scientific intrigue that you won't want to miss!

Read the New York Times article: https://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/30/science/anglerfish-evolution-sex.html?pvid=kolzEZ0s23v76fE8YxZOhk03&u2g=c&smid=url-share

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Find out more about Gaby's science fiction short story! 

Here are the links for the anthology. The physical copy can be ordered here : https://www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

The ebook can be ordered here: https://www.neonhemlock.com/ebooks/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

Weird Fish Dating!

In this mind-blowing episode, we explore how one man's quest to create artificial fertilizer transformed the trajectory of human history. Inspired by listener Martin from Frankfurt, we dive into the story of Fritz Haber, whose discovery of the Haber-Bosch process for synthesizing ammonia not only revolutionized agriculture and saved billions from starvation but also fueled the rise of chemical weapons in World War I. From explosive bat guano to the delicate balance of ding-dongs and Twinkies, we unravel the complex web connecting fertilizer, food production, and the very bombs that shaped the 20th century. Brace yourself for a wild ride through the unintended consequences of scientific breakthroughs!

—  Here’s Martin’s email to us which includes lots more information and links to learn more about his intriguing IF!

From: Martin 
Subject: A world without NH3 (a What The If idea)

I had another idea for a potential IF, or - to give credit where credit is due - my colleague Thomas has it. He read that BASF in Germany has sold an NH3 (ammonia) plant in Ludwigshafen (their main production site) after having produced NH3 there since 1913 It was the first industrial plant that realized the -then- completely new Haber-Bosch process. So Thomas asked: what (the if) would a world without NH3 look like? Then we started discussing :-)

It's sort of chemist's lore that Haber and Bosch tested many, many catalysts before they found a good one to combine N2 and H2 to NH3. Some sources put the number of tested catalyst formulations to as many as 2500 (https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/haber-bosch-process#:~:text=In%20order%20to%20find%20a,Germany%2C%20now%20part%20of%20Ludwigshafen). What if they lost interest after test #1000 (and never found the iron-based catalyst that was ultimately the one)? Probably this (hypothetical) failed attempt on large scale would deter other groups of scientists at that time to even start their own catalyst developments? Anyhow, let's assume there has never been an industrial NH3 synthesis process in our "What the If" world.

It's quite obvious that agriculture would have been very different. 

Our World in Data has the key answer here: https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/world-population-with-and-without-fertilizer — without ammonia as fertilizer we would be able to feed max 4 bn people (instead 8). So many more famines? Or slower population growth? 

Certainly a different diet, less feed for animals, and more plants that can fixate N2 from the atmosphere. Our World in Data has a little fun with that: (https://ourworldindata.org/how-many-people-does-synthetic-fertilizer-feed#could-we-have-achieved-the-same-without-synthetic-nitrogen) more peas and beans (and some others — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Nitrogen-fixing_crops — including lupines — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupinus#Uses — which leads -of course- directly to one of my favorite Monty Python sketches "Dennis Moore"). Not nice. I wouldn't survive the season, that's for sure (no / less fruits and other vegetables)

Side note: I was surprised that per capita for many decades (https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/fertilizer-per-capita?tab=chart&country=OWID_WRL~OWID_EUR~CHN~IND~EGY~NLD~DEU~USA) the Western world had significantly higher values than Africa, India, Egypt. So without NH3 Europe / USA would have suffered more), probably more focus has to be put on bringing food on the table for everyone and less activities in new technologies etc. (basically staying longer at the bottom levels of Maslow's pyramid of needs)

And then there is war. 

NH3 was an important ingredient to make TNT - some folks estimate that TNT has killed 100-150 million people in all wars combined.

TNT Is Still With Us | Science | AAAS
https://www.science.org/content/blog-post/tnt-still-us Despite being an older explosive, TNT remains relevant due to its stability and relative safety compared to newer, more volatile alternatives.

All the best,
Martin

NITROGEN Doomsday!

Inspired by a fascinating article about why moths are lured to lights at night, this mind-bending episode explores a wild scenario - what if humans navigated the world like moths, perpetually drawn to the scent of pizza? Delve into the intricacies of moth navigation, ant death spirals, and how our cities and societies might be organized around an insatiable pizza obsession. From pizza-oriented city grids designed to capture savory scents to pharaohs using pizza to construct pyramids, the hilarious thought experiment takes you on a journey that will change how you see pepperoni forever.

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Find out more about Gaby's science fiction short story! 

Here are the links for the anthology. The physical copy can be ordered here : https://www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

The ebook can be ordered here: https://www.neonhemlock.com/ebooks/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

Humans SPIRAL into PIZZA Madness!

Explore a world where life is based on silicon instead of carbon, swimming in sulfuric acid oceans and breathing in clouds of acid rain. Imagine transparent armadillo-like creatures with glass bones, communicating through resonant frequencies. Ponder the possibilities of silicon-based trees with blue interiors and the challenges of interspecies cohabitation. This episode delves into the chemistry, biology, and potential evolution of silicon-based life forms, from microscopic bacteria to intelligent civilizations.

---

Find out more about Gaby's science fiction short story! 

Here are the links for the anthology. The physical copy can be ordered here : https://www.neonhemlock.com/books/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

The ebook can be ordered here: https://www.neonhemlock.com/ebooks/luminescent-machinations-queer-tales-of-monumental-invention

GLASS Bones & ACID Blood!

Imagine if space was breathable... If you could swim in it, fly in it, go anywhere you want wearing only your bathing suit, or your birthday suit! Would you swim to Jupiter? Paddle to Alpha Centauri? How would life have evolved if it could swim, crawl, fly into space? We ride whales to the Moon. We tremble at the sight of a giant plankton sphere swimming around the Sun. Grab your inflatable doughnut and come along to the worlds of What The IF!

What The If?

Gee, Your Universe Smells Terrific

10 - Gee, Your Universe Smells Terrific

Learn how to think like EINSTEIN! Every week we learn science running imaginative thought experiments. Our brilliant guests are some of the world’s greatest science fiction writers, scientists & science communicators. Leap into a journey to answer the most fascinating question in the universe: What The IF?

What The If?

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