SpaceTime with Stuart Gary

Our first StarStuff astronomy and space science show for 2016 is out now at…
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and on itunes at:
https://itunes.apple.com/au/podcast/star-stuff-stuart-gary-2016/id1080935752?mt=2
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Today’s stories…
PLANET 9 FROM OUTER SPACE
Astronomers have found convincing evidence for the existence of a ninth planet in the dark outer reaches of the solar system far beyond Neptune. The newly inferred planet – which is simply being called Planet Nine for now – has about ten times the mass of Earth and circles the Sun some 600 times further out than Earth’s orbit. 

NEW MOON GIANT IMPACT THEORY
A new study claims the Earth’s Moon was formed out of a violent head on collision rather than a 45 degree angle side swipe between the early proto-Earth and a planetary embryo called Theia 4.6 billion years ago. The new study is based on a re-evaluation of oxygen isotopes in rock samples from both the Earth and the lunar surface. 

PLUTO THE WATER PLANET
New data from NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft indicates the surface of Pluto has far more water than previously estimated. The new images have detected abundant signatures for water ice across the dwarf planet’s surface. 

FIRST ARIANE 5 LAUNCH FOR 2016 
Arianespace has carried out its first launch of the year with an Ariane 5 blasting into orbit from the European Space Agency’s Kourou Space Port in French Guiana carrying the Intelsat 29e communications satellite into orbit. The 6552 kilogram satellite will provide C, Ku and Ka-band services for North and South America as well as the North Atlantic.

INDIA LAUNCHES NAVIGATION SATELLITE
India has successfully launched a PSLV rocket carrying the nation’s new IRNSS-1E navigation satellite into orbit. The spa cecraft is the fifth of the seven satellites constituting the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System.

StarStuff with Stuart Gary Series 19 Episode 1 - We're back for 2016!

In this episode:

North Korea fires a shot across the world's bow
North Korea has launched a rocket into space sparking global condemnation and growing fears over Pyongyang's ever expanding nuclear weapons program.  Pyongyang claims the rocket was carrying a scientific satellite, but the rest of the world is concerned the rocket was testing ballistic missile technology for nuclear weapons delivery systems.  
 
Most powerful supernova explosion ever seen
Astronomers have detected what they think is the most powerful stellar explosion ever seen -- a massive supernova -- twice as powerful as anything previously recorded. the huge blast was 200 times more powerful than the average supernova, 570 billion times brighter than our Sun, and 20 times brighter than all the stars in our Milky Way Galaxy combined. 
 
NASA warns of asteroid threat
NASA is keeping a close eye on a 30 metre asteroid which is expected to come awfully close to Earth next month. The space rock named 2013-TX68 could pass just 17,700 kilometres above the planet's surface on March 5th, lower than the orbits of many satellites. 
 
China launches new navigation satellite
China has launched a Long March 3C rocket carrying another member of Beijing's Beidou satellite navigation system. As well as providing navigation services for Beijing, the new satellite also features a particle detector to study the space environment around its orbit. 
 
Europe laser communications satellite launched
A Russian Proton rocket has successfully blasted into orbit carrying a new telecommunications satellite equipped with a laser communications system. The new European Data Relay System will provide emergency services with near real time data relay services improving maritime surveillance and disaster response times.  


StarStuff Series 19 Ep2 - Most powerful supernova explosion ever seen

Today's stories...
 
Gravitational waves detected for the first time
Ripples in the fabric of spacetime known as gravitational waves have been directly seen for the first time. The historic announcement ends months of speculation and rumour.
 
The Great Attractor
Hundreds of galaxies hidden from view behind the Milky Way have been unveiled in unprecedented detail providing astronomers with new information about a mysterious object known as the Great Attractor.  The findings shed new light on this massive gravitational anomaly, which appears to be drawing hundreds of thousands galaxies including the Milky Way towards it with a gravitational force equivalent to millions of billions of Suns.
 
Earth's Ancient Crust
Scientists have discovered  2.5 billion year old material from the ancient Earth in lava that's erupted from some oceanic volcanoes. The findings are the first evidence that Archean era planetary crust is being recycled through the mantle.
 
Activity discovered on Saturnian moon Dione
An 800 kilometre long mountain range on the Saturnian ice moon Dione is providing scientists with clues about how active the distant frozen world once was. The discovery also hints at possible continued activity even today.
 
North Korea Satellite failure
The satellite launched by North Korea last week appears to have failed to activate and is orbiting the Earth dead in space. The object which had been tumbling but had now stabilized but has failed to communicate with ground stations.


SpaceTime Series 19 Episode 3 - Gravitational waves detected for the first time

In this episode:

The mystery of the IBEX ribbon
Astronomers are a step closer to finally solving the mystery of the IBEX ribbon spotted at the edge of the solar system eight years ago. New computer simulations and data from NASA’s IBEX spacecraft are pointing to ionized solar wind particles streaming back into the solar system after interacting with interstellar space galactic magnetic fields. 

Invisible gas clouds appear shaped like dark noodles
Astronomers have been given their best view yet of the giant interstellar gas clouds which make up a significant amount of the Milky Way galaxy’s matter. The invisible structures known as Extreme Scattering Events are high density lumps in the thin electrically charged gas between the stars in our Galaxy and appear to be shaped like noodles, lasagna sheets or possibly even hazelnuts. 

New Subatomic particle discovered 
Scientists at Fermilab have discovered a new particle—the latest member to be added to the exotic species of particles known as tetraquarks. The new discovery by the DZero experiment is of the first tetraquark candidate composed of four different quark flavours. 

Supernova puzzle close to being solved
New observations using the Hubble Space Telescope have confirmed that a supernova which exploded more than three years ago is continuing to shine far brighter than expected. The supernova known as SN 2012cg could have important implications for astronomy’s ability to measure cosmic distances across the universe.


SPACETIME Series 19 Ep.8 - The mystery of the IBEX ribbon & others

In Episode 9:

 Fast Radio Burst mystery deepens
Astronomers for the first time have detected repeating Fast Radio Bursts -- short bursts of radio waves from an enigmatic source located well beyond our Milky Way galaxy. Prior to this discovery, all previously detected Fast Radio Bursts have appeared to be one-off events.  

What if E.T. called us and nobody heard? 
As scientists step up their search for other life in the universe, two astrophysicists are proposing a way to make sure we don't miss the signal if extraterrestrial observers try to contact us first. The scientists say the best chance for us finding a signal from beyond is to presume that extraterrestrial observers are using the same methods to search for us that we are using to search for life beyond Earth.
  
Asteroid close encounter 
Astronomers around the world will be counting down to the extremely close flyby of asteroid 2013 TX68 which could pass just 17,700 kilometres above the ground tomorrow March 5th. However, scientists admit they won’t know exactly how close the 35-metre-wide space rock will get until after the flyby occurs. 

ExoMars prepares for launch
All systems are go for this month’s launch of the ExoMars 2016 spacecraft bound for the red planet. The joint Roscosmos and European Space Agency mission is slated to launch on a Russian Proton rocket from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in the central Asian republic of Kazakhstan on March 14. 

Where did the Martian moon Phobos come from?
NASA scientists are closer to solving the mystery of how the Martian moon Phobos formed. NASA's Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution spacecraft (MAVEN) has made a series of close approaches to the 28-kilometre-wide moon collecting data from within 500 kilometres of its surface.  

Expedition 46 crew return to Earth after record breaking space flight
The Russian Soyuz TMA-18M capsule has returned safely to Earth carrying the expedition 46 crew from the International Space Station. Among those aboard the spacecraft as it touched down on the cold Kazakhstan steps was US astronaut Scott Kelly who set a new American record for long duration human space flight of 340 days in orbit.

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SpaceTime Series 19 Ep. 9 - Fast Radio Burst mystery deepens & more...

Hi everyone - Stuart here....and here's what's in this episode of SpaceTime:

Hubble breaks cosmic distance record
Astronomers have shattered the cosmic distance record by measuring the distance to the most remote galaxy ever seen in the Universe -- a stellar city that existed just 400 million years after the big bang 13.8 billion years ago.  The amazing discovery was achieved by pushing the Hubble Space Telescope to its absolute limits. 

Scientists watch the Moon breath 
Researchers have watched the Moon's tenuous atmosphere -- known as an exosphere -- change depending on its exposure to the Sun and to meteor showers. The findings help astronomers better understand the physics of exospheres which are one of the most dominate types of atmospheres in the solar system.  

How Mars got its tilt
A new study claims the surface of Mars was dramatically tilted around 3 to 3.5 billion years ago by a massive volcanic structure known as the Tharsis dome, which is the largest in the Solar System. Because of its extraordinary mass, the Tharsis dome caused the red planet’s crust and mantle to rotate around its core. The discovery of this huge shift changes our vision of Mars during the first billion years of its history, at a time when life may have emerged on the red planet. 

SpaceX finally flies on its fifth attempt
After five launch attempts spanning almost two weeks a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket has finally blasted off from the Cape Canaveral Air Force base in Florida, carrying the SES-9 telecommunication satellite into orbit. The Falcon 9 trailed a golden orange plume as it flew over the Atlantic Ocean carrying its Boeing built satellite into geostationary orbit.

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SpaceTime Series 19 Ep.10 - Hubble breaks cosmic distance record

Hi everyone ..Stuart here. And here's what's in this edition of SpaceTime:

LISA Pathfinder begins its science mission 
The LISA Pathfinder gravitational wave space observatory has now commenced its long awaited scientific mission. After completing a long series of tests on the spacecraft and payload, the European Space Agency have now started a six-month program conducting hundreds of experiments to pave the way for future space-borne gravitational-wave observatories.

The expansion of the universe simulated
Physicists have developed a new code of numerical simulations that offers a glimpse of the complex process causing both the expansion of the universe and the creation of new structures by the merging of others. Based on Albert Einstein’s equations, they were able to integrate the rotation of space-time into their calculations and determine the amplitude of gravitational waves, whose existence was confirmed for the first time last month.

New explanation for "snowball Earth" events
A new study claims our planet went through a period of extreme freezing – known as snowball Earth -- because of extensive marine volcanism caused by the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent 750 million years ago. The research provides a single mechanism to explain several different aspects of the snowball Earth state, rather than needing a whole bunch of different mechanisms working together.

New Ariane 5 launch prepares the way for the next generation Ariane 6 rocket
An Ariane 5 heavy lift rocket has blasted off from the European Space Agency’s Kourou space port in French Guiana carrying a telecommunications satellite into orbit. The mission will also monitor upper stage systems aboard the launch vehicle ass part of a program to develop a new medium lift Ariane 6 rocket.

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SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Series 19 Ep.11 - LISA Pathfinder begins its science mission and more

Hi everyone...Stuart here...and here are the Show Notes for Ep. 12:

A detailed study of the biggest black hole in the known universe 
Astronomers study one of the biggest supermassive black holes in the known universe, a monster 18 billion times the mass of our Sun. The supermassive black hole powers a quasar called OJ287 which lies about 3.5 billion light years away from Earth.  

Nearest habitable zone Earth like planet discovered 
Scientists have discovered the nearest habitable zone planet to our solar system -- a super Earth located just 14 light years away. The planet is orbiting within the star’s so-called 'goldilocks zone' -- the habitable zone where it’s possible for liquid water - and maybe even life - to exist.  

ExoMars 2016 blasts off on a mission to search for life on the red planet 
The ExoMars 2016 mission has successfully blasted off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in the central Asian republic of Kazakhstan on a Russian Proton -M rocket bound for the red planet Mars.  The joint European Space Agency and Roscosmos mission will take seven months to reach Mars where it will begin searching for the origins of the red planet’s seasonal increase in atmospheric methane levels.

Russian Earth imaging satellite launched
Just a day before the launch of the ExoMars mission, a new civilian operated Russian Earth observation satellite was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome aboard a Soyuz 2-1b rocket. The Resurs P3 is on a five year mission providing Moscow with an orbital fleet of three digital remote sensing Earth observation satellites.

India launches new regional navigation satellite
India has successfully launched the latest member of its regional navigation satellite system. The launch was delayed by a minute to avoid orbital debris detected during the countdown phase.

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Website www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com
Show Notes page at http://www.bitesz.com/spacetime-show-notes 


SpaceTime  Series 19 E12

Hi every one...here's what's in Series 19 Episode 13 - Cheers Stuart...

Distant lonely planet no rogue
Astronomers have discovered that a distant planet…long thought to be floating free through space without a host star…has been found to be orbiting a star after all. However, the planet orbits its host star at a distance of a trillion kilometres -- three times greater than any other planetary system ever discovered -- and some seven thousand times further out than Earth's orbit around the Sun.

 Unexpected changes in the bright spots on Ceres
Scientists have discovered unexpected changes in the mysterious bright spots on the dwarf planet Ceres...the largest body in the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Although Ceres appears as little more than a point of light from the Earth, very careful observations shows evidence that the spots constantly brighten and fade.

 Rosetta finds magnetic field-free bubble at comet
The European Space Agency’s Rosetta spacecraft has revealed a surprisingly large region around Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko which is totally devoid of any magnetic field. The findings have come as a surprise to scientists who didn’t expected to be able to detect such a region. 

Close comet flyby threw Mars' magnetic field into chaos
A new study has found that the recent close encounter of Comet Siding Spring with Mars has had a profound impact on both the red planet’s atmosphere and magnetic field. Astronomers found Comet Siding Spring plunged the magnetic field around Mars into chaos -- blowing away part of the Martian upper atmosphere in the same way a strong solar storm would.

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Thank you...

SpaceTime Series 19 Ep 13

Hi everyone....Stuart here with your Show Notes for Ep. 14:

Supernova secrets revealed
The brilliant flash from the initial blast of a supernova explosion known as a shock breakout, has been captured for the first time. The discovery will improve sciences understanding of these cataclysmic stellar death blasts which are powerful enough to briefly outshine an entire galaxy.

New monster spiral galaxies discovered
A strange new kind of galactic beast has been discovered in the cosmic wilderness – hiding in plain sight. Dubbed "super spirals," these unprecedented galaxies dwarf our own spiral galaxy, the Milky Way, and compete in size and brightness with the largest known galaxies in the universe…the giant elliptical. 

Hubble unveils some of the most massive stars ever seen
The Hubble Space Telescope has opened a new vista into a massive star forming region in the Tarantula Nebula which is home to some of the biggest stars in the universe. Astronomers combined images taken by two separate Hubble instruments to dissect the young cluster in unprecedented details. 

Expedition 47 blasts off bound for the International Space Station
A Russian Soyuz rocket has blasted off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in the central Asian republic of Kazakhstan carrying three new crew members to the International Space Station. The Expedition 47 crew will spend five months conducting more than 250 experiments aboard the orbiting outpost.

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SpaceTime Series 19 Ep 14

Hi everyone...Stuart here...with the Show Notes for Episode 15:

First ever detection of the binary partner involved in type 1a supernova explosion.
Astronomers have for the first time ever detected a binary companion to a star which exploded as a thermonuclear or type 1a supernova. The discovery provides a deeper understanding of these spectacular stellar blasts which are used as cosmic distance markers and provided the conclusive evidence of the accelerated expansion of the universe due to some unknown force which astronomers have named dark energy. 

Glittering globular clusters reveal their stellar secrets.
Scientists have discovered that massive stellar groups known as globular star clusters can produce additional generations of stars by drawing-in fresh supplies of star forming molecular gas and dust from their surrounding galaxy.  The findings mean globular star clusters are far more complex than astronomers previously thought.  

How solar storms trigger Jupiter's auroral lights.
A new study has revealed that solar storms trigger Jupiter's intense northern and southern auroral lights by generating a new X-ray aurora eight times brighter than normal and hundreds of times more energetic than Earth's aurorae. The findings represent the first time Jupiter's X-ray aurora has been studied as a giant storm from the Sun hit the planet.

Cygnus Cargo ship launched to space station.
An Atlas 5 rocket has successfully blasted off from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida, carrying a Cygnus cargo ship loaded with supplies and experiments to the International Space Station. The Cygnus -- which is loaded with almost 3.4 tonnes of equipment -- will be captured by the space station’s robotic arm and maneuvered into a docking port tomorrow.

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Our website  - www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com or via www.bitesz.com



SpaceTime Series 19 Ep 15

Hi...Stuart here with the Show Notes for Ep.17...here's what's on the show:

Searching for gamma ray emissions from black holes.
Astronomers have failed to find any electromagnetic counterpart signal to the historic first ever direct detection of gravitational waves. The lack of an afterglow provides further support for the idea that the event was generated by a pair of black holes – 1.3 billion light years away -- as they spiralled in towards each other before merging.

 Continuing the search for gravitational waves
While scientists were able to announce the confirmed detection of gravitational waves for the first time, the precise epicentre where those waves originated from is still a mystery. Pin pointing the exact location of a gravitational wave source will be of vital importance for studying the objects generating them. 

Alien world blacker than coal
Astronomers have discovered distant gas giant similar to Jupiter -- but far more alien than any planet in our solar system. Instead of displaying Jupiter’s gleaming white and pink coloured clouds, this strange exoplanet is darker than the blackest lump of coal reflecting just one percent of the light reaching it. 

Asteroid slams into Jupiter
Amateur astronomers in Austria and Ireland got the shot of a lifetime when they imaged what’s thought to be an asteroid slamming into Jupiter.  At least two sky watchers were independently videoing the gas giant on March 17 when they both caught a massive ejecta blast erupting on the Jovian limb -- north of the planet’s equator. 

April Skywatch
We turn our eyes to the skies as Jonathan Nally -- the editor of Australian Sky and Telescope Magazine -- takes us on a journey through this month’s night skies with Skywatch.

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SpaceTime Series 19 Ep 17

Hi everyone....here are the Show Notes: 

More evidence for Planet 9 from outer space
There’s new evidence today supporting the idea of a yet to be discovered ninth planet in our solar system. Back in January, we reported on StarStuff that strange orbital alignments involving at least 6 distant Kuiper belt objects were pointing to the existence of a ninth planet at least ten times the mass of the Earth -- now astronomers have discovered a seventh Kuiper belt object on a similar strange orbital trajectory -- further supporting this hypothesis. 

Making Gold
Scientists are looking at a new method of making gold. It’s not some new form of medieval alchemy turning sea water into the valuable yellow metal -- but a new look at exactly how the element gold is produced in stars. 

Is dark matter responsible for creating supermassive black holes? 
Astronomers are fairly sure that stellar mass black holes are formed when the most massive stars die and explode as supernovae. But they’ve never been able to explain the formation of those monstrous supermassive black holes found in the hearts of galaxies. Now a new study suggests a mysterious substance called dark matter could be to blame.

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Thank you for your continued support. 

SpaceTime Series 19 Ep 18

Hi everyone...Stuart here with the Show Notes:

Supernovae showered Earth with radioactive debris
The Earth was showered with radioactive debris from a series of nearby exploding stars which all went supernova just a few million years ago. The findings are based on the discovery of radioactive deposits of iron 60, found in sediment and crust samples taken from the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans. 

Behemoth Black Hole Found in an Unlikely Place
Astronomers have discovered a near-record breaking supermassive black hole -- some 17 billion times the mass of the Sun -- in an unlikely location in a sparsely populated region of the universe. The observations mean these monsters may be far more common than previously thought. 

Traffic gridlock aboard the International Space Station
A Russian cargo ship has successfully docked with the International space station two days after blasting off on a Soyuz rocket from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in the central Asian republic of Kazakhstan. The Progress arrived on station just days after an American Cygnus cargo ship reached the orbiting outpost, with anther American Dragon cargo ship is also slated to dock this month.

New Space tourism rocket makes third sub-orbital flight.
Blue Origin have carried out a successful sub-orbital test flight of the company’s new reusable vertical take-off and vertical landing New Shepard spacecraft. The launch from Blue Origin’s west Texas facility reached an altitude of over 103 kilometres, the highest yet it has flown.

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SpaceTime Series 19 Ep 19

Hi everyone, Stuart with the Show Notes for Series 19 Episode 27: 

Discovery of the best targets yet in the search for life beyond our solar system
Astronomers have discovered three planets with sizes and temperatures similar to Earth -- and which they are now describing as the best targets found so far in the search for life beyond our solar system.  The planetary trio were found orbiting an ultra-cool dwarf star about forty light years from Earth in the constellation of Aquarius the water carrier. 
Monster supermassive black hole forms out of galactic collision

A monster black hole almost 4 billion times the mass of the Sun has been discovered forming out of a mammoth collision involving three merging spiral galaxies.  The new findings are providing scientists with fresh insights into galactic evolution and the growth of supermassive black holes. 

Nearby massive star explosion equaled detonation of 100 million Suns
Astronomers have discovered that a giant star in a nearby galaxy that went supernova 30 million years ago -- exploded with the power of 100 million Sun’s – making it one of the most powerful explosions in our cosmic neighborhood in recent years. The mega blast of supernova 2013ej in the spiral galaxy M74 in the constellation Pisces in 2013 blew stellar material out from the star at ten thousand kilometres per second -- equivalent to 36 million kilometres an hour.

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SpaceTime 20160506 Series 19 Episode 27

Hi...Stuart with the Show Notes for Series 19 Episode 39:

*Did gravitational wave detector find dark matter?
The successful detection of gravitational waves from the merging of black holes has raised new speculation about the possible source of dark matter. Dark matter which makes up 85 percent of all the material in the universe is a mysterious invisible substance which can only be detected by its gravitational interaction with ordinary matter.  

*NASA's Juno spacecraft to risk Jupiter’s fireworks for science
NASA’s Juno spacecraft is about to enter orbit around the solar system’ largest planet and in the process face massive radiation exposure – enough to destroy the probe. Will NASA’s plan save the mission?  

*The June Solstice has arrived
The June Solstice occurred at 22:33:59 GMT or 08:33:59 Australian Eastern Standard time on the morning of Tuesday June 21st as the Sun reached zenith -- appearing to be directly over the tropic of cancer at a point in the Pacific Ocean about 238 kilometres north of Honolulu, Hawaii. For our listeners in the northern hemisphere that means summer has arrived while for us south of the equator it means winter has well and truly set in.  

*Space Station Crew return to Earth
Three crew members from the International Space Station have returned safely to Earth wrapping up a 186 day mission in orbit.
Expedition 47 Commander NASA’s Tim Kopra , ESA flight engineer Tim Peake and Roscosmos Soyuz TMA-19M Commander Yuri Malenchenko of touched down on the remote Kazakhstan step.  

*It’s been a busy time for Russian space missions
In addition to their manned spaceflight program Roscosmos has also launched a ROKOT rocket carrying a scientific satellite, and a Proton rocket carrying a telecommunications satellite. 

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#astronomy #space #science #solstice #NASA #ISS

SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Series 19 Episode 39

Hi everyone...Stuart with the Show Notes for Series 19 Episode 40:

*Study predicts a universe crowded with black holes
One of the most complete models ever developed of the distribution of matter across the universe predicts hundreds of massive black hole mergers must be occurring throughout the cosmos each year. The new study claims these mergers should be observable with new second generation Laser Interferometer gravitational wave detectors now being developed. 

*Pluto may have a subsurface ocean
Scientists say ongoing geological activity on Pluto seen by NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft could be caused by the partial freezing of a subsurface ocean that likely still exists today. The new study claims models show recent geological activity on Pluto could have be driven solely by phase changes in the dwarf planet’s ice shell without the need for gravitational tidal activity or the radioactive decay of exotic minerals. 

*The discovery of an unexpected mineral on Mars may mean a rethink of Martian evolution
NASA's Mars Curiosity rover has discovered an unexpected mineral in a Martian rock sample taken in Gale Crater, which may alter sciences understanding of how the red planet evolved. The six wheeled car sized rover has been exploring sedimentary rocks within Gale Crater since landing there back in August 2012. 

*Ariane 5 carries new payload launch record on its fifth flight of the year
Arianespace has carried out its fifth Ariane five launch of the year setting a new launch payload mass record of 10,730 kilograms.

*Mission VA230 blasted off from the European Space Agency’s Kourou Spaceport in French Guiana placing two telecommunications satellites into geostationary transfer orbits. 

*China launches navigation satellite
A Chinese Long March 3c rocket has successfully blasted off from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in south western China’s Sichuan province placing the latest member of Beijing’s Beidou or compass satellite navigation system into orbit. China is developing its own satellite navigation system with a 35 spacecraft constellation to rival the American GPS, European Galileo, and Russian GLONASS systems by the end of next year. 

*New Shepard, flight four
Blue Origin’s New Shepard suborbital rocket has successfully completed its fourth test flight at the company’s western Texas launch facility. Blue Origin plans on using New Shepard to carry up to ten space tourists at a time to altitudes of 100 kilometres -- the official start of space -- with the first paying passengers flying in 2018.

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And if you're enjoying the program, please help spread the word by telling your friends. Thank you...

#astronomy #space #science #Mars #Blackholes #Ariane5 #NewShepard

SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Series 19 Episode 40

Strange dark hydrogen inside Jupiter
New research suggests an exotic form of hydrogen known as dark hydrogen exists in a layer beneath the surface of Jupiter.
One of the biggest unknowns is hydrogen’s transformation under the extreme pressures and temperatures found in the interiors of the gas giant where it is squeezed until it becomes liquid metal, capable of conducting electricity.  

Oceans on Enceladus favourable for life 
A new study claims ice sheets covering a global liquid water ocean on Enceladus’s south pole could be just 20 kilometres thick -- far thinner than previously thought. The new research suggests a strong heat source in the interior of the Saturnian moon, which scientists claim provides an additional factor supporting the possible emergence of life in its ocean.  

Hubble confirms new dark spot on Neptune
New images obtained by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope have confirm the presence of a new dark vortex in the atmosphere of Neptune.
Though similar features were seen during the Voyager 2 flyby of Neptune in 1989 and by the Hubble Space Telescope in 1994, this vortex is the first one observed on Neptune in the 21st century.  

Maiden flight for China’s new Long March 7 rocket
Beijing has successfully undertaken the maiden flight of its new Long March 7 rocket from its new Wenchang Space Launch Center on southern China’s Hainan Island. The new 53 metre long two stage medium lift orbital launch vehicle will be used for both manned and unmanned space flights lifting 13,500 kilograms into a 400 kilometre Low Earth Orbit and 5,500 kilograms into a 700 kilometre high Sun-Synchronous Orbit.  

India sets new record for most satellites launched on one rocket
The Indian Space Research Organization has launched a PSLV rocket carrying a record 21 satellites from its Satish Dhawan Space Centre on the Bay of Bengal coast. The 44 metre tall PSLV or Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle was equipped with six strap on solid rocket boosters to lift its payload into orbit.
 
Atlas V launches new military satellite
An Atlas V rocket successfully launched the MUOS-5 military communications satellite into orbit for the United States Navy. MUOS-5 is the final member of a five-satellite constellation designed to provide the US military with ultra high frequency communications worldwide.


SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Series 19 Episode 41

Hi, Stuart with the Show Notes for Series 19 Episode 44.

*Black hole discovered hiding in plain sight
Astronomers have detected a previously unseen black hole that’s been hiding in plain sight. The findings indicate the newly discovered black hole is located about 7,200 light years away, well within our own Milky Way galaxy. Because the study only covered a very small patch of sky, the findings imply that there should be tens of thousands to millions of these unseen black holes in the Milky Way -- thousands more than previous studies suggested. 

*Water found on Brown dwarf
Astronomers have -- for the first time -- found evidence of water in the clouds around a nearby brown dwarf. The discovery represents the strongest evidence yet for the existence of clouds of water or water ice, outside of our solar system.

*New Soyuz capsule launches to Space Station
Roscosmos has launched its newly upgraded Soyuz MS series capsule on its maiden flight to the International Space Station.
The Soyuz MS-01 spacecraft blasted off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in the central Asian republic of Kazakhstan carrying three Expedition 48 crew members to the orbiting outpost. 

*2016 will be a second longer
On December 31, 2016, a “leap second” will be added to the world’s clocks at 23 hours, 59 minutes 59 seconds Greenwich mean time. Historically, time was based on the mean rotation of the Earth relative to celestial bodies, and the second was defined in this reference frame. However, the invention of atomic clocks defined a much more precise “atomic” timescale and a second that is independent of Earth’s rotation

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SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Series 19 Episode 44 - So there you are!

Hi, Stuart with the Show Notes for Series 19 Episode 45...

*Citizen scientists discover a massive galaxy cluster
Two volunteer participants in an international citizen science project have discovered a rare galaxy cluster which has now been named in their honour. The pair pieced together the huge C-shaped structure -- located some 1.2 billion light years away -- from much smaller images of cosmic radio waves shown to them as part of the web-based Radio Galaxy Zoo project. 

*New Type of Meteorite Linked to Ancient Asteroid Collision
Scientists have discovered a new type of meteorite never before seen on Earth. The space rock, appears to be from the missing partner in a massive asteroid collision 470 million years ago.  

*Physicists discover family of tetraquarks
Physicists have confirmed the existence of a new group of sub atomic particles called tetraquarks.
Scientists at Syracuse University confirmed the existence of the rare exotic particle as well as three siblings using the Large Hadron Collider beauty LHCb detector at CERN theEuropean Organization for Nuclear Research.  

*Curiosity Mars rover unexpectedly shuts down
NASA's Mars Curiosity rover shut down unexpectedly over the weekend. The car sized six wheel robot suddenly put itself into safe standby mode on July second.  

*Virgin Galactic to start test flights of its newest spaceship
Virgin Galactic is about to start test flying its newest space plane The Unity which replaces the original SpaceShipTwo Enterprise which crashed into the Mojave Desert back in January 2014. Test fights will begin next month with full suborbital space flights beginning in 2017.

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SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Series 19 Episode 45 - Citizen scientists rule!

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