In this episode we examine the concept of a Space Elevator, a popular piece of developing technology designed to lift people and cargo into space at a fraction of normal launch costs. We will look at technology as well as many of the misconceptions about Space Elevators which have emerged.

Watch the video version here: https://youtu.be/dc8_AuzeYKE

"The physics of the space elevator", P. K. Aravind:
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/d402/ba5f97884b7398ae2a1ff79136f9c1a03993.pdf

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Listen or Download the audio of this episode from Soundcloud: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/upward-bound-space-elevators
Cover Art by Jakub Grygier: https://www.artstation.com/artist/jakub_grygier

Music by
Intro/Outro:
Sergey Cheremisinov
"Sirius"
Kai Engel
"Endless Story about Sun and Moon"
Koalips
"Kvazar"
Frank Dorittke
"Morninglight"
Kevin MacLeod
"Spacial Winds"
Lombus
"Amino"
Cory Gray
"Technological 1"

Upward Bound: Space Elevators

In this episode we examine the Skyhooks and Rotovators, technology designed to lift grab spaceplanes or rockets at far slower speeds than normal and lift them into space at a fraction of normal launch costs. 

Watch the video: https://youtu.be/TlpFzn_Y-F0

Boeing's "Hypersonic Airplane Space Tether Orbital Launch -- HASTOL":
http://www.niac.usra.edu/files/library/meetings/annual/jun01/391Grant.pdf

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Cover Art by Jakub Grygier: https://www.artstation.com/artist/jakub_grygier

Music by:
Intro/Outro:
Sergey Cheremisinov
"Sirius"
Kai Engel
"Endless Story about Sun and Moon"
Koalips
"Kvazar"
Frank Dorittke
"Morninglight"
Kevin MacLeod
"Spacial Winds"
Lombus
"Amino"

Upward Bound: Skyhooks

This episode feature Mass Drivers, Space Guns, and other means of rapidly accelerating a spaceship up to orbital speeds without a rocket. We will explore the basic concepts, the engineering issues, and the potential cost & safety advantages & disadvantages along with how these devices can be used in tandem with other systems we have looked at.

Watch the video: https://youtu.be/KerG4ILWEa4

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Join the Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/1583992725237264/
Support the Channel on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/IsaacArthur
Visit the sub-reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/IsaacArthur/
Cover Art by Jakub Grygier: https://www.artstation.com/artist/jakub_grygier

Music by:
Sergey Cheremisinov, "Sirius"
Kai Engel, "Endless Story about Sun and Moon"
Koalips, "Kvazar"
Frank Dorittke, "Morninglight"
Kai Engel, "December"
Kevin MacLeod, "Spacial Winds"
Lombus, "Amino"

Mass Drivers

In this episode we'll be looking at improvements to rocket systems, with the main focus on re-usability. We will also look a bit deeper at rocketry principles, at some other improvements and alternative uses for rockets, such as oceanic launches, and discuss Metallic Hydrogen, a potential game changing fuel.

Watch the  video version: https://youtu.be/WPh2jUKTKCA

Isaac Silvera papers
2010 Metallic Hydrogen basic theory paper
https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/9569212/Silvera_Metallic.pdf?sequence=2
2011 NASA Phase 1 Final Report:
https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/files/Silvera_FinalReport.pdf
2017 Harvard Gazette interview with Silvera:
http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2017/01/a-breakthrough-in-high-pressure-physics/

Visit our Website: http://www.isaacarthur.net
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Listen or Download the audio of this episode from Soundcloud: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/dead-aliens
Cover Art by Jakub Grygier: https://www.artstation.com/artist/jakub_grygier

Music by
Intro/Outro:
Sergey Cheremisinov
"Sirius"
Kai Engel
"Endless Story about Sun and Moon"
Koalips
"Kvazar"
Frank Dorittke
"Morninglight"
Kai Engel
"December"
Kevin MacLeod
"Spacial Winds"
Lombus
"Amino"

Reusable Rockets

While potentially dangerous, nuclear powered spacecraft offer far faster and more efficient spacecraft than traditional chemical rockets. Today we will examine the various means of using atomic power sources to propel spacecraft, bot to get off Earth and to travel to other stars.

See the video version: https://youtu.be/3aBOhC1c6m8

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Cover Art by Jakub Grygier: https://www.artstation.com/artist/jakub_grygier

Music by:
Sergey Cheremisinov, "Sirius"
Kai Engel, "Endless Story about Sun and Moon"
Koalips, "Kvazar"
Frank Dorittke, "Morninglight"
Kai Engel, "December"
Kevin MacLeod, "Spacial Winds"
Lombus, "Amino"

The Nuclear Option

The Launch Loop is a type of space vehicle launch assist mechanism that allows us to transfer vast amounts of energy and  momentum from ground based generators to a launch vehicle high in the upper atmosphere.

Watch the video version: https://youtu.be/J1MAg0UAAHg

View Lofstrom's 2009 updated paper:
http://slides.launchloop.com//launchloop.pdf

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Visit the sub-reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/IsaacArthur/
Cover Art by Jakub Grygier: https://www.artstation.com/artist/jakub_grygier

Graphics Team:
Jarred Eagley
Katie Byrne
Misho Yordanov
Murat Mamkegh
Sergio Botero
Stefan Blandin


Script Editing:
Andy Popescu
Connor Hogan
Edward Nardella
Eustratius Graham
Gregory Leal
Jefferson Eagley
Luca de Rosa
Michael Gusevsky
Mitch Armstrong
MolbOrg
Naomi Kern
Philip Baldock
Sigmund Kopperud
Steve Cardon
Tiffany Penner

Music:
Sergey Cheremisinov, "Sirius"
Kai Engel, "Endless Story about Sun and Moon"
Koalips, "Kvazar"
Markus Junnikkala, "A Memory of Earth"
Dan McLeod, NeptuneUK, "Mysterious Universe"

Launch Loops

Today we look at using Space Towers, Buoyant Structures, Airships, and Space Fountains as means of launching spaceships, as well as their other applications to create enormous structures that normal materials could never permit.

Watch the video version at: https://youtu.be/5QLOAQmZbZs

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Support the Channel on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/IsaacArthur
Visit the sub-reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/IsaacArthur/
Cover Art by Jakub Grygier: https://www.artstation.com/artist/jakub_grygier

Graphics Team:
Jarred Eagley
Katie Byrne
Misho Yordanov
Murat Mamkegh
Sergio Botero
Stefan Blandin

Script Editing:
Andy Popescu
Connor Hogan
Edward Nardella
Eustratius Graham
Gregory Leal
Jefferson Eagley
Luca de Rosa
Michael Gusevsky
Mitch Armstrong
MolbOrg
Naomi Kern
Philip Baldock
Sigmund Kopperud
Steve Cardon
Tiffany Penner

Music:
Sergey Cheremisinov, "Sirius"
Kai Engel, "Endless Story about Sun and Moon"
Koalips, "Kvazar"
Markus Junnikkala, "A Memory of Earth"
Dan McLeod, NeptuneUK, "Mysterious Universe"

Space Towers

The Orbital Ring is a type of launch-assist system that goes beyond moving small ships and crews into space and allows cheap movement of bulk cargo up to space, into orbit, and beyond.

Watch the video: https://youtu.be/LMbI6sk-62E

Visit our Website: http://www.isaacarthur.net
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Visit the sub-reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/IsaacArthur/
Cover Art by Jakub Grygier: https://www.artstation.com/artist/jakub_grygier

Graphics Team:
Jarred Eagley
Katie Byrne
Misho Yordanov
Murat Mamkegh
Pierre Demet
Sergio Botero
Stefan Blandin

Script Editing:
Andy Popescu
Connor Hogan
Edward Nardella
Eustratius Graham
Gregory Leal
Jefferson Eagley
Luca de Rosa
Michael Gusevsky
Mitch Armstrong
MolbOrg
Naomi Kern
Philip Baldock
Sigmund Kopperud
Steve Cardon
Tiffany Penner

Music:
Sergey Cheremisinov, "Sirius"
Kai Engel, "Endless Story about Sun and Moon"
Koalips, "Kvazar"
Markus Junnikkala, "A Memory of Earth"
Dan McLeod, NeptuneUK, "Mysterious Universe"
AJ Prasad, "Staring Through"

Orbital Rings

We return to the Megastructures series to examine the the concept of a Dyson Sphere, a means of enclosing a star to gather all of it energy. We will look at myths and misconceptions about Dyson Spheres, as well as a number of additional purposes they can be put to, from allowing interstellar travel to generating black holes or running computers large enough to simulate whole Universes.

Watch the video: https://youtu.be/HlmKejRSVd8

Visit our Website: http://www.isaacarthur.net
Join the Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/1583992725237264/
Support the Channel on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/IsaacArthur
Visit the sub-reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/IsaacArthur/
Cover Art by Jakub Grygier: https://www.artstation.com/artist/jakub_grygier

Graphics Team:
Jarred Eagley
Justin Dixon
Katie Byrne
Misho Yordanov
Murat Mamkegh
Pierre Demet
Sergio Botero
Stefan Blandin

Script Editing:
Andy Popescu
Connor Hogan
Edward Nardella
Eustratius Graham
Gregory Leal
Jefferson Eagley
Luca de Rosa
Michael Gusevsky
Mitch Armstrong
MolbOrg
Naomi Kern
Philip Baldock
Sigmund Kopperud
Steve Cardon
Tiffany Penner

Music:

Markus Junnikkala,"We Roam the Stars"
Lombus, "Amino"
Markus Junnikkala, "A Memory of Earth"
AJ Prasad, "Staring Through"
Dan McLeod, NeptuneUK, "Mysterious Universe"

Dyson Spheres

To explore space and expand beyond Earth we will need a robust orbital infrastructure to serve as our beachhead. Today we will explore the necessary components for that, how we will go about creating them, and threats to them like Kessler Syndrome, a potential cascade destruction of all our space-based assets.

Watch the video version: https://youtu.be/HkU85zKxK-s

Support the Gateway Foundation Drones for Space Operations on Kickstarter:
https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/522593384/drones-for-space-operations
Learn more about the Gateway Foundation at: 
http://gatewayspaceport.com/the-gateway/how-to-build/
or http://orbitalassembly.com

https://twitter.com/Isaac_A_Arthur on Twitter and RT our future content.
Visit the sub-reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/IsaacArthur/
Listen or Download the audio of this episode from Soundcloud: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/orbital-infrastructure
Cover Art by Jakub Grygier: https://www.artstation.com/artist/jakub_grygier

Technical Consultants:
Dr. Thomas Spilker
John Blincow
Kit Carson
Rod Pyle

Script Editors:
Darius Said
Keith Blockus
Kit Carson
Matthew Acker
MolbOrg
Sigmund Kopperud (Wicked Woxel)

Cover Art:
Jakub Grygier

Graphics Team:
Edward Nardella
Jeremy Jozwik
Jarred Eagley
Justin Dixon
Jeremy Jozwik
Katie Byrne
Kris Holland
Luuk Warringa
Mihail Yordanov
Murat Mamkegh
Nick Talmers Nieuwoudt
Pierre Demet
Sergio Botero
Stefan Blandin

Music Arranged by:
Luca DeRosa

Music
Sergey Cheremisinov, "Sirius"
Brandon Liew, "Floating Through Space Electronic Sci-fi"
NJ Mandaville, "Swell"
NJ Mandaville, "Swell" (alternate version)
Dexter Britain, "In The Electric Fields"
Dexter Britain, "Forced Through Time"
Chris Zabriskie, "The Temperature of the Air on the Bow of the Kaleetan"
Ross Bugden, "Parallel"
Ross Bugden, "Ascension"
Ross Bugden, "Dragon Slayer"

Orbital Infrastructure

A look at environments and ecology on truly massive space stations.
Check out Cheddar's video on Extinction: https://chdr.tv/youtu0277c
As we expand in space and build ever large space stations, true space habitats, we will need to incorporate ecosystems into them. However, such space habitats will have their own weather and cycles unlike those of Earth, and we will need to adapt to those unique conditions, which will vary by size and type. Today we will look at everything from smaller rotating habitats like Kaplana One and O'Neill Cylinders to vast structures such as Ringworlds, Supramundane Planets, Mega-Earths, and see the unique challenges each of them will offer us in the future.

See more of Bryan Versteeg's art at http://spacehabs.com
Check out Isaac's interview with John Micheal Godier at https://www.eventhorizonshow.com

Visit our Website: http://www.isaacarthur.net
Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/IsaacArthur
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Social Media:
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Credits:
Upward Bound:
The Environments of Space Habitats
Episode 157, Season 4 E43

Writers
Daniel McNamara
Isaac Arthur
Laura Graham
Mark Warburton
Stuart Graham https://beyondnerva.wordpress.com

Editors:
A.T. Long
Gregory Leal https://www.gregschool.org/
Jerry Guern
Keith Blockus
Matthew Campbell
Sergio Botero https://www.artstation.com/sboterod?fref=gc
Sigmund Kopperud

Producer:
Isaac Arthur

Cover Artist:
Jakub Grygier https://www.artstation.com/jakub_grygier

Graphics Team:
Bryan Versteeg http://spacehabs.com
Fishy Tree https://www.deviantart.com/fishytree/
Jarred Eagley 
Jeremy Jozwik https://www.artstation.com/zeuxis_of_losdiajana
Justin Dixon
Katie Byrne
Ken York https://www.facebook.com/YDVisual/
Mihail Yordanov
Mike Munt http://www.apogii.uk
Sam McNamara
Sergio Botero https://www.artstation.com/sboterod?fref=gc

Narrator:
Isaac Arthur

Music Manager:
Luca DeRosa  - lucaderosa2@live.com

Music:
Sergey Cheremisinov, "Sirius" https://www.s-cheremisinov.com
Stellardrone, "Belt of Orion" https://stellardrone.bandcamp.com
Kai Engel, "Endless Story abut Sun and Moon" https://www.kai-engel.com/
Aerium, "Drowned Holodecks" https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCRnUJY3l5vIJFGsY3XvW4dQ
Serena Ellis, "Science" https://soundcloud.com/serenaelis
Stellardrone, "A Moment of Stillness" https://stellardrone.bandcamp.com

Launch Loops

Isaac Arthur

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