Mozart's Symphonies:
Mozart wrote his first symphony when he was just eight years old, and clocked up 40 more in just over two decades. But where do you start? And which one is best? take some time to decide for yourself now with this small selection of some of his finest symphonies!  

Source: Classic FM
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Mozart
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Orchestral samples included in these recordings from the Vienna Symphonic Library.

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Mozart's Symphonies

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Mozart

Minuet (Bocherini)

Moonlight Sonata

Nocturne (Chopin)

Prelude In A (Chopin)

Waltz (Chopin)

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The Requiem Mass in D minor (K. 626) by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was composed in Vienna in 1791 and left unfinished at the composer's death on December 5. A completion dated 1792 by Franz Xaver Süssmayr was delivered to Count Franz von Walsegg, who had anonymously commissioned the piece for a Requiem Mass to commemorate the February 14 anniversary of his wife's death.

The Süssmayr completion of the Requiem is divided into fourteen movements, with the following structure:

I. Introitus
Requiem (choir and soprano solo) (D minor)
Kyrie, Bruno Walter, 1956.
II. Kyrie (choir) (D minor)
III. Sequentia (text based on sections of the Dies Irae)
Dies irae (choir) (D minor)
Tuba mirum (soprano, contralto, tenor and bass solo) (B-flat major)
Rex tremendae (choir) (G minor–D minor)
Recordare (soprano, contralto, tenor and bass solo) (F major)
Confutatis (choir) (A minor–F major, last chord V of D minor)
Lacrimosa (choir) (D minor)
IV. Offertorium
Domine Jesu (choir with solo quartet) (G minor)
Hostias (choir) (E-flat major–G minor)
V. Sanctus (choir) (D major)
VI. Benedictus (solo quartet and choir) (B-flat major)
VII. Agnus Dei (choir) (D minor–B-flat major)
VIII. Communio
Lux aeterna (soprano solo and choir) (B-flat major–D minor)

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Orchestral samples included in this recording from the Vienna Symphonic Library.

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Requiem in D Minor K. 626: Lacrimosa (Instrumental)

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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's String Quartet No. 17 in B-flat major, K. 458, nicknamed "The Hunt", is the fourth of the Quartets dedicated to Haydn. It was completed in 1784. It is in four movements:

Allegro vivace assai
Menuetto and Trio. Moderato
Adagio, in E-flat major
Allegro assai

Neither Mozart nor Artaria called this piece "The Hunt." "For Mozart's contemporaries, the first movement of K.458 evidently evoked the 'chasse' topic, the main components of which were a 6/8 time signature (sometimes featuring a strong upbeat) and triadic melodies based largely around tonic and dominant chords (doubtless stemming from the physical limitations of the actual hunting horns to notes of the harmonic series)."According to Irving, Mozart's first intention was to conclude with a polonaise and sketched 65 bars (p. 17).

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Orchestral samples included in this recording from the Vienna Symphonic Library.

Mozart - The Essential Collection

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Quartet No. 17 in B-Flat Major, L. 458 "The Hunt": III. Adagio

The String Quartet No. 16 in E flat major, K. 428/421b, was composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. This is the third of the Haydn Quartets, a set of six string quartets he wrote during his first few years in Vienna and later dedicated to Joseph Haydn.

It is in four movements:

I. Allegro non troppo
II. Andante con moto
III. Menuetto & Trio
IV. Allegro vivace

The first movement is highly chromatic, with the chromaticized bridge theme in the exposition being one of several examples, the end of the exposition being another.

The slow movement "invokes ... the slow movement of Haydn's Op. 20 No. 1. The ostentatious dissonances of its opening almost have an antique flavour, caused by the collision of semitonal ascents and descents, and this strongly suggests the opening subject of the first movement, so surprisingly isolated there."Other commentators hear it as pointing forward to Johannes Brahms.

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Quartet No. 16 in E-Flat Major, K. 428: II. Andante con Moto

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The Piano Sonata No. 11 in A major, K. 331 (300i), by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is a piano sonata in three movements. It is uncertain where and when Mozart composed the sonata; however, Vienna or Salzburg around 1783 is currently thought to be most likely (Paris and dates as far back as 1778 have also been suggested). The sonata was published by Artaria in 1784, alongside Nos. 10 and 12 (K. 330 and K. 332).

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Since the opening movement of this sonata is a theme and variation, Mozart defied the convention of beginning a sonata with an allegro movement in sonata form. The theme consists of two 8 measure sections, each repeated, a structure shared by each variation. The tempo marking is "Andante Grazioso (Walking pace, gracefully)". It is in the key of A major.

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Orchestral samples included in this recording from the Vienna Symphonic Library.

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Piano Sonata No.11 In A Major - KV 331. I. Andante Grazioso

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Orchestral samples included in this recording from the Vienna Symphonic Library.

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Piano Sonata No.8 in D-Major, K. 311: III. Rondo

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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart completed his Symphony No. 41 in C major, K. 551, on 10 August 1788. It was the last symphony that he composed, and also the longest.

The work is nicknamed the Jupiter Symphony. This name stems not from Mozart but rather was likely coined by the impresario Johann Peter Salomon in an early arrangement for piano.

The four movements are arranged in the traditional symphonic form of the Classical era:

Allegro vivace, 4/4
Andante cantabile, 3/4 in F major
Menuetto: Allegretto - Trio, 3/4
Molto allegro, 2/2

The symphony typically has a duration of about 33 minutes.

The second movement, also in sonata form, is a sarabande of the French type in F major similar to those found in the keyboard suites of Johann Sebastian Bach.

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Orchestral samples included in this recording from the Vienna Symphonic Library.

Symphony No. 41 in C-Major, K. 551: ‘Jupiter’ II. Andante cantabile

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The Symphony No. 36 in C major, K. 425, (known as the Linz Symphony) was written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart during a stopover in the Austrian town of Linz on his and his wife's way back home to Vienna from Salzburg in late 1783.

The entire symphony was written in four days to accommodate the local count's announcement, upon hearing of the Mozarts' arrival in Linz, of a concert. The première in Linz took place on 4 November 1783. 

The composition was also premièred in Vienna on 1 April 1784.The autograph score of the "Linz Symphony" was not preserved.

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Orchestral samples included in this recording from the Vienna Symphonic Library.

Symphony No. 36 in C-Major, K. 425: ‘Linz’ I. Allegro con Spirito

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Symphony No. 35 in D major, K. 385, was composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1782 and is also called the Haffner Symphony. It was commissioned by the Haffners, a prominent Salzburg family, for the occasion of Sigmund Haffner's ennoblement. 

The Haffner Symphony should not be confused with the eight-movement Haffner Serenade, another piece Mozart wrote on commission from the same family in 1776.

IV. Presto

The last movement, labeled "Presto", maintains just as much fire as the first movement. According to Steinberg, and Ledbetter, this "Presto" movement not only bears a similar atmosphere to the overture to Le Nozze di Figaro, but also provides a reminiscence of Osmin's comic aria "O wie will ich triumphieren" from Die Entführung aus dem Serail. 

This opera was first performed just two weeks before the composition of this finale. Hence, it may explain why there exist such similarities. When providing his father, Leopold, with performance instructions for the "Presto", his advice was that this movement should be played "as fast as possible".

Although the "Presto" begins at a quiet, brisk pace, the listener is immediately arrested by three beats of silence, followed by the full orchestra performing at a clear forte level in bar 9. Such musical surprises appear throughout this movement. 

Like the first movement, this movement is in the key of D major, and the form of the "Presto" movement is clearly in sonata-rondo form. Permeated with silences, rapid dynamic shifts, and a bright grace-note passage near the closing of the movement, one may expect the unexpected.

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Orchestral samples included in this recording from the Vienna Symphonic Library.

Mozart - Symphonies, Sonatas, Serenades, Concertos & Overtures

Symphony No.35 in D-Major, K. 385: ‘Haffner’ IV. Presto

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Symphony No. 35 in D major, K. 385, was composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1782 and is also called the Haffner Symphony. It was commissioned by the Haffners, a prominent Salzburg family, for the occasion of Sigmund Haffner's ennoblement. 

The Haffner Symphony should not be confused with the eight-movement Haffner Serenade, another piece Mozart wrote on commission from the same family in 1776.

III. Menuetto

The D major minuet provides a bright change of atmosphere from the previous slow, serious "Andante" movement. One may notice when listening to this movement the constant tug between two main chords – the tonic and dominant keys. Only three times do we see chords other than the tonic or dominant.

Also notable is that the dynamics for the whole "Menuetto" is marked forte. However, in both instances where chord IV and vi appear, Mozart marked these sections piano. These changes produce a pleasant contrast, both melodically and dynamically.

Leading straight on from the "Menuetto", the "Trio" provides a complement to the character of this "Menuetto". As indicated by Mozart in the score, the "Trio" immediately follows the "Menuetto" without a moment of silence. Stepping up into the key of A major, it soon becomes apparent that the "Trio" is also in Ternary form, like the "Menuetto". 

One may note the fact that no sections of the "Trio" are marked as forte. All is marked as piano, with the exception of bars 33–36, and 43–44, where Mozart has indicated a small crescendo. Perhaps to supplement the fact of any clear contrast in dynamics, Mozart has freely used sforzandos throughout the "Trio". 

The same type of suspense and resolution is present in the "Trio" as that found in the "Menuetto". In fact, Mozart takes a step further in the "Trio" by adding a pedal note on the dominant. This dominant pedal then subtly slips back into the tonic by means of a chromatic B sharp. 

When comparing the character of the "Menuetto" with that of the "Trio", a number of individual "personalities" are apparent. The "Menuetto" is brighter and lighter; whereas the "Trio" creates a more flowing effect. Also notable is that Mozart used chromaticism freely in the "Trio", but limited its use within the "Menuetto".

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Orchestral samples included in this recording from the Vienna Symphonic Library.

Symphony No.35 in D-Major, K. 385: ‘Haffner’ III. Menuetto

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Symphony No. 35 in D major, K. 385, was composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1782 and is also called the Haffner Symphony. It was commissioned by the Haffners, a prominent Salzburg family, for the occasion of Sigmund Haffner's ennoblement. 

The Haffner Symphony should not be confused with the eight-movement Haffner Serenade, another piece Mozart wrote on commission from the same family in 1776.

II. Andante

The G major second movement provides a welcome relief with its slow, graceful melodies announced by the woodwind section. The movement is in an abridged sonata form. Instead of a development, a brief chorale-like passage is presented by the woodwinds. 

The rhythmic structures of the first subject theme and the second subject theme provide a subtle, but excellent contrast to each other. Whilst both themes are quite similar in character, the first subject theme has a slow-moving accompaniment based upon sixteenth notes, whereas the second subject theme has a busier accompaniment of thirty-second notes. 

The brief, chorale-like passage which replaces the development is clearly punctuated by the use of syncopated accompaniment by the violins and violas. This movement has been summarized by some as being delicate and elaborate, but definitely relaxing.

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Orchestral samples included in this recording from the Vienna Symphonic Library.

Symphony No.35 in D-Major, K. 385: ‘Haffner’ II. Andante

Tidal

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Symphony No. 35 in D major, K. 385, was composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1782 and is also called the Haffner Symphony. It was commissioned by the Haffners, a prominent Salzburg family, for the occasion of Sigmund Haffner's ennoblement. 

The Haffner Symphony should not be confused with the eight-movement Haffner Serenade, another piece Mozart wrote on commission from the same family in 1776.

I. Allegro con spirito

When communicating with his father Leopold, Mozart stated that this movement was to be played with fire. The movement is in sonata form with a short development section. The exposition commences with no introduction with all instruments in unison, this opening motive is quite powerful – the result of cleverly using sharp dotted rhythms to arrest the listener's attention.

The second subject is similar in melodic material and rhythm to the first subject, recalling the monothematic sonata movements of Haydn (e.g. Symphony No. 104).

Mozart places no repeat signs at the end of the exposition. This goes against the standard sonata form convention of the day, but is something that he also does in the three big symphonies which precede the Haffner (No's. 31, 33 and 34).

The development begins with an A unison as a transition from A major to D minor (bars 95–104). After three beats silence, Mozart shifts from the dominant of D minor to an F♯ chord, and then begins a series of rapid chord changes, namely – F♯7 (bar 106), B (bar 109), B minor (bar 110), C♯7 (bar 110). Finally, using C♯7 as the dominant for F♯ minor, Mozart briefly delves in this key (bars 111–120) before using a string of consecutive dominant 7ths (bars 120–129) to work back to the dominant 7th of D major in preparation for the recapitulation. 

The recapitulation is similar to the exposition with the exception of expected differences in the transition passage. This movement closes with a short four-bar coda.

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Orchestral samples included in this recording from the Vienna Symphonic Library.

Symphony No.35 in D-Major, K. 385: ‘Haffner’ I. Allegro con Spirito

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Mozart - Requiem in D minor Complete Full

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart - 1756–1791
is unarguably one of the most prolific and notable classical composers of all time. A child prodigy, Mozart was already proficient on the keyboard and violin by the age of five, composing remarkable works and performing before European royalty. At just 17 years old, he was engaged as a musician at the Salzburg court but, driven by ambition and a restless spirit, he embarked on travels to seek better opportunities.

In 1781, while visiting Vienna, Mozart’s dismissal from his Salzburg post marked a turning point in his life. He chose to remain in the imperial capital, where he gained widespread fame but struggled to achieve lasting financial stability. It was during his final years in Vienna that Mozart created many of his most celebrated works, including symphonies, concertos, operas, and the unfinished Requiem.

Over the course of his short but extraordinary life, Mozart composed more than 600 works, spanning symphonic, concertante, chamber, operatic, and choral genres. These masterpieces are recognized as pinnacles of Western art music and continue to inspire audiences and musicians alike. His enduring influence on classical music is profound, solidifying his legacy as one of history’s greatest composers.