078 An-Naba - Abu Hasan Al Maldhifi

وَإِذَا قُرِئَ ٱلۡقُرۡءَانُ فَٱسۡتَمِعُواْ لَهُۥ وَأَنصِتُواْ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُرۡحَمُونَ

(Al-A'raf - 7:204)

Topics related to this Ayah
[Quran] 

 So, when the Qur’ân is recited, listen to it, and be silent that you may receive mercy. [i.e. during the compulsory congregational prayers when the Imâm (of a mosque) is leading the prayer (except Sûrat Al-Fâtihah), and also when he is delivering the Friday-prayer Khutbah]. (Tafsir At-Tabari).

އަދި قرآن ކިޔަވާހިނދު ތިޔަބައިމީހުން ހަނުތިބެ، އެއަށް ކަނުލައި އަހާށެވެ! (އެއީ) ތިޔަބައިމީހުންނަށް رحمة ލެއްވުމަށްޓަކައެވެ.

English - Ibn Kathir
The Order to listen to the Qur'an 

Allah says; 
وَإِذَا قُرِىءَ الْقُرْانُ فَاسْتَمِعُواْ لَهُ وَأَنصِتُواْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ 

So, when the Qur'an is recited, listen to it, and be silent that you may receive mercy.

After Allah mentioned that this Qur'an is a clear evidence, guidance and mercy for mankind, He commanded that one listen to the Qur'an when it is recited, in respect and honor of the Qur'an.

This is to the contrary of the practice of the pagans of Quraysh, who said,

لَا تَسْمَعُواْ لِهَـذَا الْقُرْءَانِ وَالْغَوْاْ فِيهِ

"Listen not to this Qur'an, and make noise in the midst of its (recitation)." (41:26)

Ibn Jarir reported that Ibn Mas`ud said;

"We would give Salams to each other during Salah. So the Ayah of Qur'an was revealed;
وَإِذَا قُرِىءَ الْقُرْانُ فَاسْتَمِعُواْ لَهُ

When the Qur'an is recited, then listen to it

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