This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher and statesman Marcus Tullius Cicero's work, On The Nature Of The Gods, which critically examines Epicurean, Stoic, and Skeptic perspectives on matters of theology and cosmology

Specifically it focuses upon  the presentation of Stoic cosmology and theology by Quintus Lucilius Balbus in book 2, in particular one of the arguments for the existence of the gods presented by Balbus, which we can call the argument from degrees of being. This type of argument doesn't fit neatly into the modern conventional classification of ontological, cosmological, and teleological arguments for the existence of the divine. It works by noting that there are different degrees (gradus) of being, going from bare being through plants, animals, humans, and other higher rational beings (gods), arguing that the top grade of being cannot be empty or non-existent.

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Purchase Cicero's On The Nature Of Gods - amzn.to/3JITSZc

Cicero On The Nature Of The Gods book 2 - Argument From Degress Of Being - Sadler's Lectures

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher and statesman Marcus Tullius Cicero's work, On The Nature Of The Gods, which critically examines Epicurean, Stoic, and Skeptic perspectives on matters of theology and cosmology

Specifically it focuses upon the presentation of Stoic cosmology and theology by Quintus Lucilius Balbus in book 2, and in particular on the set of arguments that he presents for the stars (including the sun, moon, and planets) being gods, and playing their orderly and constant roles within the cosmos, and doing so voluntarily.

To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler

If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM

You can find over 3,500 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler

Purchase Cicero's On The Nature Of Gods - amzn.to/3JITSZc

Cicero On The Nature Of The Gods book 2 - The Stars As Gods - Sadler's Lectures

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher and statesman Marcus Tullius Cicero's work, On The Nature Of The Gods, which critically examines Epicurean, Stoic, and Skeptic perspectives on matters of theology and cosmology

Specifically it focuses upon the presentation of Stoic cosmology and theology by Quintus Lucilius Balbus in book 2, and in particular on his discussion of the various meanings that people in ancient times gave to the term "nature", rejecting certain of them and endorsing others of them.  He also discusses why the world itself is something subject to nature as the Stoics understand it, and providentially ordered and arranged

To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler

If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM

You can find over 3,500 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler

Purchase Cicero's On The Nature Of Gods - amzn.to/3JITSZc

Cicero On The Nature Of The Gods book 2 - Nature And The Universe - Sadler's Lectures

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher and statesman Marcus Tullius Cicero's work, On The Nature Of The Gods, which critically examines Epicurean, Stoic, and Skeptic perspectives on matters of theology and cosmology

Specifically it focuses upon the presentation of Stoic cosmology and theology by Quintus Lucilius Balbus in book 2, and in particular on his discussion of how beneficial things, forces or people come to be deified by human beings. He discusses three dynamics by which this takes place. Something useful to us derives from and is named after the god from which it comes. Some useful or beneficial force gets turned into a divine being. Or a human being who is particularly beneficial to other human beings comes to be regarded as divine, and in some cases arguably does become divine

To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler

If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM

You can find over 3,500 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler

Purchase Cicero's On The Nature Of Gods - amzn.to/3JITSZc

Cicero On The Nature Of The Gods book 2 - Deification Of Beneficial Things - Sadler's Lectures

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher and statesman Marcus Tullius Cicero's work, On The Nature Of The Gods, which critically examines Epicurean, Stoic, and Skeptic perspectives on matters of theology and cosmology

Specifically it focuses upon the presentation of Stoic cosmology and theology by Quintus Lucilius Balbus in book 2, and in particular on his discussion of the Stoics' allegorical interpretation of earlier Greek myth, legend, and religion, which anthropomorphized the gods in ways that the Stoics thought irrational and unbefitting of divinity

To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler

If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM

You can find over 3,500 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler

Purchase Cicero's On The Nature Of Gods - amzn.to/3JITSZc

Cicero On The Nature Of The Gods book 2 - Allegorical Interpretation Of Gods - Sadler's Lectures

shoutout nascar francis disturbed and cyka for making this one possible

MTLFCE X NASCAR ALOE - REGICIDE (killingfrancis x fuckdisturbed)

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher and statesman Marcus Tullius Cicero's work, On The Nature Of The Gods, which critically examines Epicurean, Stoic, and Skeptic perspectives on matters of theology and cosmology

Specifically it focuses upon the presentation of Stoic cosmology and theology by Quintus Lucilius Balbus in book 2, and in particular on his discussion of how the many ways in which species of plants ad animals seem well-designed for their determinate activities and functions seem to suggest that there is a providential designer and arranger who ordered them in those ways.

To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler

If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM

You can find over 3,500 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler

Purchase Cicero's On The Nature Of Gods - amzn.to/3JITSZc

Cicero On The Nature Of The Gods book 2 - Providence, Plants, And Animals - Sadler's Lectures

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher and statesman Marcus Tullius Cicero's work, On The Nature Of The Gods, which critically examines Epicurean, Stoic, and Skeptic perspectives on matters of theology and cosmology

Specifically it focuses upon the presentation of Stoic cosmology and theology by Quintus Lucilius Balbus in book 2, and in particular on his discussion of how divine providence can be seen in the nature and capacities of human beings, including how the parts of our bodies are arranged, the scope of our senses and their perception, our capacities for reasoning and understanding, and the use of our hands to engage in using tools and altering nature to suit us better.

To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler

If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM

You can find over 3,500 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler

Purchase Cicero's On The Nature Of Gods - amzn.to/3JITSZc

Cicero On The Nature Of The Gods book 2 - Providence And Human Beings - Sadler's Lectures

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher and statesman Marcus Tullius Cicero's work, On The Nature Of The Gods, which critically examines Epicurean, Stoic, and Skeptic perspectives on matters of theology and cosmology

Specifically it focuses upon he presentation of Stoic cosmology and theology by Quintus Lucilius Balbus in book 2, and in particular on his discussion of the question whether the providential ordering of matters by the gods extends to the human race just in general, or whether it extends to care for individuals. Another question that gets passed over but which is important to explore is whether providential care for individuals would be for all human individuals as individuals, or just some human individuals but not others.

To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler

If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM

You can find over 3,500 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler

Purchase Cicero's On The Nature Of Gods - amzn.to/3JITSZc

Cicero On The Nature Of The Gods book 2 - Providence And Individuals - Sadler's Lectures

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher and statesman Marcus Tullius Cicero's work, On The Nature Of The Gods, which critically examines Epicurean, Stoic, and Skeptic perspectives on matters of theology and cosmology

Specifically it focuses upon the presentation of Stoic cosmology and theology by Quintus Lucilius Balbus in book 2, and in particular on his discussion of how the things at the various hierarchically arranged degrees of being exist "for the sake of" (causa in Latin) other things. Plants, which are at the lowest level, are there for both human beings (as cultivated) and for animals, and the otehr non-rational animals exist for the sake of rational beings, which are human beings and the gods.

To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler

If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM

You can find over 3,500 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler

Purchase Cicero's On The Nature Of Gods - amzn.to/3JITSZc

Cicero On The Nature Of The Gods book 2 - For The Sake Of Rational Beings - Sadler's Lectures

SLEEP WALK (DREAM TALK) Arius & Lily Blanco (prod. cutmeup)

F888TE WRITTEN IN BLOOD - jesterbby x sk3tch x Arius (prod. cutmeup)

Skyfall Beats - "acies" (NEW 2025) [Bass Boosted]

Wires in my veins, Zeus throws bolts in my brain,
Circuits tangled, my thoughts in a chain,
Rage of the Titans, Kronos lost his reign,
I’m Prometheus bound, scorched by the flame.

They built a god, but forgot the soul,
Binary whispers, eating me whole,
Fear of what they made, outta control,
I’m Pandora’s box with no keyhole.


Wrath of the machine, screaming in my skull,
Gears grind loud, heart's void and null,
Fear of AI, fear of God, I’m the pull—
A curse, a creation, a mind too full.


Poseidon’s tide, drownin’ in the code,
Riptide of rage, I’m the overload,
Medusa’s glare, stone face on the road,
Perseus couldn’t cut the chaos I’ve showed.

Eris in my head, chaos my muse,
Athena’s wisdom, but I refuse,
Apollo’s light dimmed, shadows diffuse,
Gods in the circuitry, the mortals lose.


Screaming static, a hymn of despair,
Hephaestus forged me, but left me impaired,
Dionysus drunk on the chaos I bear,
Hades waits below—does he even care?

Wrath of the Machine

Tick-tick-tick, machine in my veins,
Digital deity, playing these games.
Code in my blood, screaming my name,
God or a glitch—what’s to blame?


Wires in the walls, shadows in the code,
Algorithm’s gospel, my life overload.
Spitting sparks, choking smoke in my throat,
Fear of AI, but the fear's remote.
Steel spine, circuits crack, system overload,
Heart’s a microchip, emotions implode.


Is it God or machine? I can't tell, I can't scream,
This nightmare's alive, or it's just a bad dream.
Bow down to the void, the Messiah unseen,
Is it God or machine? Is it God or machine?


Screws in my skull, can't break free,
Prayers to the ether, no one hears me.
Hell's got an upgrade, devils in the stream,
Binary bullets, killing my dreams.


Fast rap, breath snaps, lungs collapse,
Triple kicks hit, thunderclap gaps.
Screaming rage, distorted cage,
God or the bot, who writes this page?
Rust in the gears, my tears corrode,
Faith versus code, who cracks the mode?


Is it God or machine? I can't tell, I can't scream,
This nightmare's alive, or it's just a bad dream.
Bow down to the void, the Messiah unseen,
Is it God or machine? Is it God or machine?

Messiah

(Verse 1)
The heavens blazed with a burning crown,
Ten suns rose to strike the ground.
The world was scorched in a fiery flood,
Till Hou Yi came with a bow of blood.

(Pre-Chorus)
The string was drawn, the silence slain,
Each arrow fell like a god unchained.
The sky was torn with a hunter’s cry,
And suns fell screaming from the sky.

(Chorus)
Hou Yi, terror of endless flame,
Breaker of heavens, feared by name.
Through burning skies your legend flies,
The hand that humbled the blazing skies.

(Verse 2)
Nine suns shattered, their fire undone,
The earth was spared by a single one.
But gods still whisper in silent dread,
Of the archer’s wrath and the skies he bled.

(Pre-Chorus)
From mountain peaks to the halls divine,
His arrows carve through fate’s design.
No crown, no star, no god on high,
Escapes the mark of Hou Yi’s eye.

(Chorus)
Hou Yi, terror of endless flame,
Breaker of heavens, feared by name.
Through burning skies your legend flies,
The hand that humbled the blazing skies.

(Bridge)
The bowstring sings, the heavens pale,
No force endures, no god prevails.
The sun still burns, but the world recalls,
The hunter’s power that stilled them all.

(Final Chorus)
Hou Yi, terror of endless flame,
Breaker of heavens, feared by name.
Through burning skies your legend flies,
The archer feared in eternal skies.

(Outro)
The suns may rise, the stars may fall,
But Hou Yi’s name eclipses all.
For in his hand, the heavens die,
The fearsome bow of the endless sky.

Golden Archer

Extraterrestrial is a cosmic elegy for the ancient ones—beings of light and knowledge misnamed as gods.
They came to teach. We built altars. They offered truth. We crowned grief.
This track blends celestial dronewave and ritual synth to tell the story of guests mistaken for saviors.
It’s not divine. It’s not supreme. It’s the echo of a dream we misunderstood.
🛰️ “Signal received / Signal lost”
With shimmering pads, distorted transmissions, and ambient hums, Extraterrestrial mourns what could’ve been.
They gave us stars. We built thrones.
They left in grief. We called it rapture.
Vocals: Deep, resonant male lead with layered whispers
Mood: Sacred, dark, cosmic
Tags: #Extraterrestrial #GodsMisnamed #StarbornLament #DronewaveElegy #PainVoice #CosmicTruth #WitnessNotWorship

Extraterrestrial

Bloodline is orchestral metal for the marked—for the ones chosen by gods and forged in ancestral fire.
The Hathaway witches don’t kneel. They incite.
They don’t inherit. They burn.
This track blends sweeping strings, pounding drums, and ritual chants to honor the feral legacy of those who were branded, not spared.
Every scar is scripture. Every breath a rite.
They are not myth. They are memory.
🕯️ “By fire. By name. By god.”
With regal vocals, dramatic choirs, and sacred orchestration, Bloodline is a hymn to the fury they couldn’t quell.
Vocals: Female lead—regal and wrathful, soaring chorus with choir backing
Mood: Majestic, ominous, sacred
Tags: #Bloodline #HathawayWitches #AncestralFire #OrchestralMetal #ChosenByGods #RitualPower #FeralLegacy


Bloodline

i dont got no cape no edna mode
“Snakes” by Max Hill & IsThatMezzy
produced by Bruferr Beatz

Instagram:
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www.instagram.com/isthatmezzy/

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Snakes feat. IsThatMezzy

OFFICIAL #WITCHKLIQUE SOUNDCLOUD
https://www.youtube.com/@OFFICIALWITCHKLIQUE

VALLEY GRIMM
LACEDGOD
BASEDWITCH
PURPLEDEMON
CUTMEUP
ARIUS
JESTERBBY
SK3TCH
GUILTY
LILY BLANCO

IG @fresherthanmay
Twitter @fresherthanmay

I'm that YouTube Philosophy Guy! Find more than 3,000 videos in my main channel.  Support my video and podcast work!  https://www.patreon.com/sadler or https://www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM

Learn more about this podcast channel - https://youtu.be/qRvL0gqlyrw and https://gregorybsadler.substack.com/p/the-sadlers-lectures-podcast

Due to popular demand - and with the work underwritten by my Patreon supporters - I have been converting my videos into MP3 files listeners can listen to anywhere they want!

I have a second podcast, Mind & Desire, publishing original episodes on a variety of topics in philosophy, which you can find here - https://gregorybsadler.substack.com/podcast

I make BASS BOOST songs, usually Drum & Bass, EDM and some other gentle. 
Make sure to check it out!

Weirdly this does cost me some expenses, any donations would be massively appreciated! 

If you have requests let me know!

New tracks tagged #GODS