Positron Emission Tomography (PET) combined with Computed Tomography (CT) is a powerful imaging modality used in oncology for diagnosis, staging, and treatment monitoring. However, one limitation of PET/CT is the need for accurate attenuation correction (AC) to account for tissue density variations. Traditionally, low-dose CT scans are used for AC, but these contribute to patient radiation exposure.

In a new study, researchers Kevin C. Ma, Esther Mena, Liza Lindenberg, Nathan S. Lay, Phillip Eclarinal, Deborah E. Citrin, Peter A. Pinto, Bradford J. Wood, William L. Dahut, James L. Gulley, Ravi A. Madan, Peter L. Choyke, Ismail Baris Turkbey, and Stephanie A. Harmon from the National Cancer Institute proposed an artificial intelligence (AI) tool to generate attenuation-corrected PET (AC-PET) images directly from non-attenuation-corrected PET (NAC-PET) images, reducing the reliance on CT scans. Their research paper was published in Oncotarget’s Volume 15 on May 7, 2024, entitled, “Deep learning-based whole-body PSMA PET/CT attenuation correction utilizing Pix-2-Pix GAN.”

Full blog - https://www.oncotarget.org/2024/07/11/ai-for-improved-pet-ct-attenuation-correction-in-prostate-cancer-imaging/

Paper DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28583

Correspondence to - Stephanie A. Harmon - stephanie.harmon@nih.gov

Video short - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0mZItCB8AtI

Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article - https://oncotarget.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Foncotarget.28583

Subscribe for free publication alerts from Oncotarget - https://www.oncotarget.com/subscribe/

Keywords - cancer, deep learning, PSMA PET, attenuation correction

About Oncotarget

Oncotarget is an open-access, peer-reviewed journal that has published primarily oncology-focused research papers since 2010. These papers are available to readers (at no cost and free of subscription barriers) in a continuous publishing format at Oncotarget.com. 

Oncotarget is indexed and archived by PubMed/Medline, PubMed Central, Scopus, EMBASE, META (Chan Zuckerberg Initiative) (2018-2022), and Dimensions (Digital Science).

To learn more about Oncotarget, please visit https://www.oncotarget.com and connect with us:

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/Oncotarget/
X - https://twitter.com/oncotarget
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/oncotargetjrnl/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@OncotargetJournal
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/oncotarget
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/oncotarget/
Reddit - https://www.reddit.com/user/Oncotarget/
Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/0gRwT6BqYWJzxzmjPJwtVh

MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Oncotarget

AI for Improved PET/CT Attenuation Correction in Prostate Cancer Imaging

In this installment of the Longevity & Aging Series, Dr. Ming Yu and Namita Hattangady from the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center in Seattle, join host Dr. Evgeniy Galimov to discuss a research paper they co-authored that was published as the cover for Volume 16, Issue 4 of Aging (Aging-US), entitled, “Mapping the core senescence phenotype of primary human colon fibroblasts.”

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.205577

Corresponding authors - William M. Grady - wgrady@fredhutch.org, and Ming Yu - myu@fredhutch.org

Video interview - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eqSa7My_a7w

Interview transcription - https://www.aging-us.com/interviews/longevity-aging-series-s2-e2-dr-ming-yu-and-namita-hattangady

Abstract

Advanced age is the largest risk factor for many diseases and several types of cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Senescent cells are known to accumulate with age in various tissues, where they can modulate the surrounding tissue microenvironment through their senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Recently, we showed that there is an increased number of senescent cells in the colons of CRC patients and demonstrated that senescent fibroblasts and their SASP create microniches in the colon that are conducive to CRC onset and progression. However, the composition of the SASP is heterogenous and cell-specific, and the precise senescence profile of colon fibroblasts has not been well-defined. To generate a SASP atlas of human colon fibroblasts, we induced senescence in primary human colon fibroblasts using various in vitro methods and assessed the resulting transcriptome. Using RNASequencing and further validation by quantitative RT-PCR and Luminex assays, we define and validate a ‘core senescent profile’ that might play a significant role in shaping the colon microenvironment. We also performed KEGG analysis and GO analyses to identify key pathways and biological processes that are differentially regulated in colon fibroblast senescence. These studies provide insights into potential driver proteins involved in senescence-associated diseases, like CRC, which may lead to therapies to improve overall health in the elderly and to prevent CRC.

Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article - 
https://aging.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Faging.205577

Subscribe for free publication alerts from Aging - https://www.aging-us.com/subscribe-to-toc-alerts

Keywords - aging, senescence, senescence associated secretory phenotype, SASP, colorectal cancer, cancer

About Aging-US

The mission of the journal is to understand the mechanisms surrounding aging and age-related diseases, including cancer as the main cause of death in the modern aged population.

The journal aims to promote 1) treatment of age-related diseases by slowing down aging, 2) validation of anti-aging drugs by treating age-related diseases, and 3) prevention of cancer by inhibiting aging. (Cancer and COVID-19 are age-related diseases.)

Please visit our website at https://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/
X - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@AgingJournal
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/
Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/1X4HQQgegjReaf6Mozn6Mc

MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Aging (Aging-US)

Longevity & Aging Series (S2, E2): Dr. Ming Yu and Namita Hattangady

BUFFALO, NY — February 19, 2025 — A new #research paper was #published by Aging (Aging-US) on January 6, 2025, in Volume 17, Issue 1, titled “The profile of oxidative stress markers (arachidonic and linoleic acid derivatives) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia in relation to metabolic syndrome.”

A team of researchers, led by first author Weronika Ratajczak and corresponding author Olimpia Sipak from Pomeranian Medical University, examined how inflammation and metabolic health contribute to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a common condition that causes prostate enlargement in aging men, leading to urinary problems. Their findings suggest that inflammatory-related molecules in the blood may play a key role in BPH development, especially in men with metabolic syndrome—a group of conditions including obesity, high blood sugar, and high cholesterol.

BPH affects millions of men as they age, making urination more difficult and sometimes painful. While age and hormonal changes are known factors, the precise causes of prostate enlargement remain unclear. This study provides new evidence that inflammation, especially lipid-derived inflammatory markers, may be a driving factor behind BPH, particularly in those with poor metabolic health.

The research team analyzed blood samples from 219 men, including 144 with BPH and 75 without, measuring markers related to inflammation and oxidative stress. The results showed that men with BPH had significantly higher levels of pro-inflammatory molecules such as 12S-HETE and 5-HETE while having lower levels of anti-inflammatory substances like lipoxin A4. The imbalance was even more pronounced in men with both BPH and metabolic syndrome, indicating a possible link between poor metabolic health and worsening prostate conditions​.

“Furthermore, there is mounting evidence that links the onset of inflammation with the development of prostate diseases, including benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer.”

Metabolic dysfunction and chronic inflammation may not only contribute to BPH development but also exacerbate its severity. Monitoring metabolic health could play a role in reducing the risk of prostate enlargement.

Future research is needed and may focus on whether anti-inflammatory treatments or lifestyle changes—such as improved diet, weight management, and exercise—could help slow the progression of BPH or reduce its symptoms​.

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.206187

Corresponding author - Olimpia Sipak - olimpiasipak-szmigiel@wp.pl

Video short - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O0VMvqaVsUs

Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article - 
https://aging.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Faging.206187

Subscribe for free publication alerts from Aging - https://www.aging-us.com/subscribe-to-toc-alerts

Keywords - aging, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), metabolic syndrome (MetS), lipid markers, inflammation, fatty acids derivatives

About Aging-US

The mission of the journal is to understand the mechanisms surrounding aging and age-related diseases, including cancer as the main cause of death in the modern aged population.

The journal aims to promote 1) treatment of age-related diseases by slowing down aging, 2) validation of anti-aging drugs by treating age-related diseases, and 3) prevention of cancer by inhibiting aging. (Cancer and COVID-19 are age-related diseases.)

Please visit our website at https://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/
X - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@AgingJournal
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/
Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/1X4HQQgegjReaf6Mozn6Mc

MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Inflammation and Metabolic Syndrome Linked to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

BUFFALO, NY - February 24, 2025 – A new #research paper was #published in Oncotarget, Volume 16, on February 18, 2025, titled “Robust p53 phenotypes and prospective downstream targets in telomerase-immortalized human cells."

Researchers Jessica J. Miciak, Lucy Petrova, Rhythm Sajwan, Aditya Pandya, Mikayla Deckard, Andrew J. Munoz, and Fred Bunz from the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine studied the tumor-suppressing protein p53, which plays a key role in preventing cancer. Their findings reveal how p53 affects cancer cell growth, treatment resistance, and potential drug targets, providing new insights that could improve future cancer therapies.

The p53 protein plays a crucial role in preventing cancer by stopping uncontrolled cell growth. However, many cancers mutate or suppress p53, allowing tumors to develop and resist treatment. In this study, researchers restored p53 function in colorectal cancer cells, which led to slower cellular growth, increased cellular aging (senescence), and greater sensitivity to radiation therapy. These findings suggest that p53 status influences cancer progression and response to treatment, making it a promising target for new therapies.

The study also examined hTERT-RPE1 cells; a type of non-cancerous human cell used in research. When the TP53 gene was disrupted in these cells, they grew faster and became more resistant to radiation, reinforcing the idea that p53 helps prevent cancerous growth.

Another key discovery was a previously unnoticed p53 mutation (A276P) found in a subset of hTERT-RPE1 cells. This mutation weakened p53’s ability to regulate certain genes but did not affect its ability to control calcium signaling, a process important for cell survival. The unexpected appearance of this mutation suggests that even non-cancerous cells can acquire genetic changes that mimic early cancer development. This insight could help scientists better understand how cancers evolve and become resistant to treatment.

"Cancers that retain wild type TP53 presumably harbor other clonal alterations that permitted their precursors to bypass p53-mediated growth suppression."

A breakthrough in the study was the identification of two new p53-regulated genes that could be important for cancer treatment. The first, ALDH3A1, helps detoxify harmful substances and may impact cancer cell resistance to oxidative stress. The second, NECTIN4, is a protein found in many aggressive cancers, including bladder and breast cancer. Notably, NECTIN4 is the target of enfortumab vedotin, an FDA-approved drug for bladder cancer. These discoveries provide new potential drug targets and could lead to improved therapies for cancers that still retain some p53 function.

In conclusion, this research highlights the critical role of p53 in cancer biology and suggests that restoring p53 function could make tumors more vulnerable to radiation and chemotherapy. The discovery of new p53-controlled genes provides new opportunities for targeted cancer therapies. With further research, these findings could lead to new precision medicine strategies that leverage p53’s natural tumor-suppressing abilities.

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28690

Correspondence to - Fred Bunz - fredbunz@jhmi.edu

Video short - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Psxj3ctbTuk

To learn more about Oncotarget, please visit https://www.oncotarget.com and connect with us:

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/Oncotarget/
X - https://twitter.com/oncotarget
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/oncotargetjrnl/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@OncotargetJournal
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/oncotarget
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/oncotarget/
Reddit - https://www.reddit.com/user/Oncotarget/
Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/0gRwT6BqYWJzxzmjPJwtVh

MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Researchers Identify New p53 Targets to Combat Cancer Growth

BUFFALO, NY - March 3, 2025 – A new #research paper was #published in Oncotarget, Volume 16, on February 28, 2025, titled “Effect of TIMPs and their minimally engineered variants in blocking invasion and migration of brain cancer cells."

Elham Taheri and Maryam Raeeszadeh-Sarmazdeh from the University of Nevada, Reno, explored a new approach to slowing the spread of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most aggressive and deadly form of brain cancer. Their study highlights the potential of both natural and engineered molecules to block cancer cell movement, offering a promising strategy to combat this challenging disease.

Glioblastoma multiforme is difficult to treat because it quickly spreads into healthy brain tissue, making complete surgical removal nearly impossible. A major driver of this invasive behavior is a group of enzymes called matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which break down surrounding tissue and create space for cancer cells to spread. Among them, MMP-9 plays a particularly significant role in GBM progression and resistance to current treatments.

To address this challenge, the researchers investigated tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), natural MMP blockers, and specially engineered versions designed for better effectiveness. The study used cell line models of GBM to test both TIMP-1 and TIMP-3 and their engineered counterparts (mTC1 and mTC3), specific blockers of MMP-9. 

“Our study focused on minimal TIMP variants, due to their small molecular size and potential in higher cellular uptake and delivery, to assess their potential in cell-based assays.”

The results indicated that the engineered TIMPs were just as effective as, or even better than, the natural ones at reducing cancer cell migration and invasion. These findings are particularly promising because previous attempts to block MMPs with small-molecule drugs faced challenges such as poor selectivity and unwanted side effects. In contrast, these engineered TIMPs offer a more targeted and potentially safer approach.

One of the greatest obstacles in treating brain cancer is delivering drugs across the blood-brain barrier, a protective layer that prevents many therapeutic compounds from reaching the brain. To address this, the researchers used cell-penetrating peptides to help the TIMP variants reach and enter cancer cells more effectively. Their results confirmed that the engineered TIMPs successfully reached tumor cells, further increasing their potential as a treatment.

Additionally, the study found that these engineered TIMPs did not significantly affect healthy cells at lower doses, suggesting they could be used safely. This makes them strong candidates for further drug development.

These findings could lead to new treatment options for GBM, a cancer with very few effective therapies. Future research will focus on testing these TIMP variants in animal models to evaluate their long-term effects and safety. Researchers also plan to investigate whether combining these engineered TIMPs with existing treatments, such as chemotherapy or immunotherapy, could improve outcomes.

In summary, given the aggressive nature of GBM and the urgent need for better therapies, this study represents an important step forward. If further research confirms these results, engineered TIMPs could become a valuable tool in the fight against brain cancer, offering new hope for improved treatments and patient survival.

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28691

Correspondence to - Maryam Raeeszadeh-Sarmazdeh - maryamr@unr.edu

Video short - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tdBlkOX50D8

To learn more about Oncotarget, please visit https://www.oncotarget.com.

MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Engineered TIMP Molecules Show Potential to Slow Glioblastoma Brain Cancer Spread

A new study from the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, published in Oncotarget, reveals that the gene p53, long known as the “guardian of the genome,” may be even more powerful than previously thought. By studying it in non-cancerous human cells, researchers discovered how p53 stops risky cell growth and uncovered two new potential targets for cancer therapy.

Understanding p53: The Genome’s Guardian Against Cancer

The p53 gene is one of the most important natural defenses our body has against cancer. When functioning properly, p53 detects damage in a cell’s DNA and either stops the cell from dividing or pushes it to self-destruct. This process helps prevent potentially dangerous mutations from spreading. However, many cancers find ways to silence or mutate p53, allowing uncontrolled growth and resistance to treatments.

Studying p53 in a clear and accurate way has long been a challenge. Most cancer cell models used in research already carry numerous genetic mutations, which can mask or alter how p53 truly functions. To fully understand this vital tumor-suppressing gene, scientists needed a model that closely resembled healthy, genetically stable human cells—yet could still be maintained and studied over time in the laboratory.

The Study: Exploring p53 in Normal and Cancer Cell Models

Researchers Jessica J. Miciak, Lucy Petrova, Rhythm Sajwan, Aditya Pandya, Mikayla Deckard, Andrew J. Munoz, and Fred Bunz explored p53 activity using a uniquely suitable cell line: hTERT-RPE1. These non-cancerous human cells are immortalized using telomerase, meaning they continue dividing like cancer cells, but without the chaotic mutations seen in tumors. This makes them an excellent model for studying how p53 operates in near-normal conditions.

Full blog - https://www.oncotarget.org/2025/04/22/new-insights-into-p53-a-powerful-genes-role-in-cancer-therapy/

Paper DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28690

Correspondence to - Fred Bunz - fredbunz@jhmi.edu

Video short - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Psxj3ctbTuk

Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article - https://oncotarget.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Foncotarget.28690

Subscribe for free publication alerts from Oncotarget - https://www.oncotarget.com/subscribe/

Keywords - cancer, p53, ionizing radiation, immortalized cells, ALDH3A1, NECTIN4

About Oncotarget 

Oncotarget (a primarily oncology-focused, peer-reviewed, open access journal) aims to maximize research impact through insightful peer-review; eliminate borders between specialties by linking different fields of oncology, cancer research and biomedical sciences; and foster application of basic and clinical science.

Oncotarget is indexed and archived by PubMed/Medline, PubMed Central, Scopus, EMBASE, META (Chan Zuckerberg Initiative) (2018-2022), and Dimensions (Digital Science).

To learn more about Oncotarget, please visit https://www.oncotarget.com and connect with us:

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/Oncotarget/
X - https://twitter.com/oncotarget
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/oncotargetjrnl/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@OncotargetJournal
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/oncotarget
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/oncotarget/
Reddit - https://www.reddit.com/user/Oncotarget/
Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/0gRwT6BqYWJzxzmjPJwtVh

MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

New Insights into p53: A Powerful Gene’s Role in Cancer Therapy

A recent #study from Assiut University Hospital in Egypt, published in #Oncotarget, presents a promising strategy for patients with metastatic #colorectalcancer (mCRC). The #research introduces a gentler yet effective maintenance therapy that may extend survival, enhance quality of life, and offer a more accessible treatment option for mCRC patients worldwide.

The Challenge of Treating Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. When it spreads to other parts of the body—a stage known as mCRC—it becomes much more difficult to treat. At this stage, clinicians often use strong drug combinations like FOLFOX or CAPOX, which mix chemotherapy drugs to stop cancer growth. FOLFOX combines three drugs given intravenously, while CAPOX includes two of the same drugs, with one taken as a pill.

While effective, these treatments can cause serious side effects. For example, one of the main drugs, oxaliplatin, can lead to nerve damage, making it painful or difficult to use the hands and feet. Fatigue, diarrhea, and other issues are also common. Over time, these side effects may force clinicians to stop or adjust the treatment, even if it is working.

That is where maintenance therapy comes in. After the cancer is controlled, clinicians often switch to a gentler treatment plan to keep it from returning. The challenge is finding a therapy that continues to work without causing too many side effects, especially in places where access to expensive or intensive treatments is limited.

Full blog - https://www.oncotarget.org/2025/05/07/panitumumab-and-low-dose-capecitabine-a-promising-maintenance-therapy-for-metastatic-colorectal-cancer/

Paper DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28687

Correspondence to - Doaa A. Gamal - doaaalygamaal@gmail.com

Video short - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wuPSS0EdK-8

Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article - https://oncotarget.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Foncotarget.28687

Subscribe for free publication alerts from Oncotarget - https://www.oncotarget.com/subscribe/

Keywords - cancer, Panitumumab, maintenance, colorectal cancer, Capecitabine

About Oncotarget 

Oncotarget (a primarily oncology-focused, peer-reviewed, open access journal) aims to maximize research impact through insightful peer-review; eliminate borders between specialties by linking different fields of oncology, cancer research and biomedical sciences; and foster application of basic and clinical science.

Oncotarget is indexed and archived by PubMed/Medline, PubMed Central, Scopus, EMBASE, META (Chan Zuckerberg Initiative) (2018-2022), and Dimensions (Digital Science).

To learn more about Oncotarget, please visit https://www.oncotarget.com and connect with us:

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/Oncotarget/
X - https://twitter.com/oncotarget
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/oncotargetjrnl/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@OncotargetJournal
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/oncotarget
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/oncotarget/
Reddit - https://www.reddit.com/user/Oncotarget/
Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/0gRwT6BqYWJzxzmjPJwtVh

MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Panitumumab & Low-Dose Capecitabine: Promising Maintenance Therapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

BUFFALO, NY - June 3, 2025 – A new #research paper was #published in Volume 16 of Oncotarget on May 19, 2025, titled “PRDX1 protects ATM from arsenite-induced proteotoxicity and maintains its stability during DNA damage signaling."

In this study, led by first author Reem Ali and corresponding author Dindial Ramotar from Hamad Bin Khalifa University in Qatar, researchers discovered that a protein called PRDX1 helps maintain the stability of ATM, a key protein involved in repairing damaged DNA, especially when cells are under stress from arsenite exposure. The study found that without PRDX1, cells lose their ability to repair DNA and become more sensitive to chemotherapy. This finding suggests that targeting PRDX1 could improve the success of some cancer treatments.

PRDX1 is already known for its role in protecting cells from oxidative damage, but this study shows it also plays a role in the DNA repair process. ATM is an essential protein that detects breaks in DNA and starts the repair process. When PRDX1 is missing, ATM is rapidly lost, especially when cells are exposed to arsenite, a toxic substance found in the environment. Without ATM, the DNA repair system fails, leaving cells more vulnerable to damage.

By using both human cell lines and clinical samples from ovarian cancer patients, the team showed that high levels of PRDX1, along with ATM and MRE11 (another DNA repair protein), were linked to tumors' aggressive features and lower patient survival rates. This pattern suggests that tumors with high PRDX1 may resist chemotherapy by increasing their DNA repair capacity. On the other hand, removing PRDX1 weakened the repair system and made cancer cells more responsive to DNA-damaging platinum drugs.

The study also showed that combining low doses of arsenite with drugs that either block ATM or damage DNA caused a much higher rate of cancer cell death in cells that lacked PRDX1. These results suggest a new treatment approach: lowering PRDX1 levels to make cancer cells more sensitive to DNA-damaging platinum therapies already in use. This highlights PRDX1 not only as a protector of cell function but also as a potential weak point in cancer cells.

“As such, we propose that small molecule inhibitors of PRDX1, or single nucleotide polymorphisms that compromise PRDX1 function, in combination with low doses of arsenite can be exploited to treat chemo-resistant tumours.”

These findings open the door for the use of PRDX1 as a biomarker to predict treatment response and as a promising target for new combination therapies. For patients with ovarian cancer and potentially other tumors, adjusting PRDX1 levels may help overcome drug resistance and improve outcomes.

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28720

Correspondence to: Dindial Ramotar - dramotar@hbku.edu.qa

Video short - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=suOhF7mPlNQ

Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article - https://oncotarget.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Foncotarget.28720

Subscribe for free publication alerts from Oncotarget - https://www.oncotarget.com/subscribe/

Keywords - cancer, redox signaling, homologous recombination, protein interaction, cell cycle, protein modification

To learn more about Oncotarget, please visit https://www.oncotarget.com and connect with us:

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/Oncotarget/
X - https://twitter.com/oncotarget
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/oncotargetjrnl/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@OncotargetJournal
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/oncotarget
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/oncotarget/
Reddit - https://www.reddit.com/user/Oncotarget/
Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/0gRwT6BqYWJzxzmjPJwtVh

MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Blocking PRDX1 Protein May Improve Chemotherapy Response in Ovarian Cancer

Dr. Andres Cardenas, from the Department of Epidemiology and Population Health at Stanford University, joins host Dr. Evgeniy Galimov to discuss a research paper he co-authored in Volume 17, Issue 2 of Aging (Aging-US), titled “Exposome-wide association study of environmental chemical exposures and epigenetic aging in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.”

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.206201

Corresponding author - Andres Cardenas - andresca@stanford.edu

Video interview - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A1I6qoVwkfM

Longevity & Aging Series - https://www.aging-us.com/longevity

Abstract

Epigenetic clocks can serve as pivotal biomarkers linking environmental exposures with biological aging. However, research on the influence of environmental exposures on epigenetic aging has largely been limited to a small number of chemicals and specific populations. We harnessed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2000 and 2001-2002 cycles to examine exposome-wide associations between environmental exposures and epigenetic aging. A total of 8 epigenetic aging biomarkers were obtained from whole blood in 2,346 participants ranging from 50-84 years of age. A total of 64 environmental exposures including phthalates, metals, pesticides, dioxins, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured in blood and urine. Associations between log2-transformed/standardized exposure measures and epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) were assessed using survey-weighted generalized linear regression. A 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in log2 serum cadmium levels was associated with higher GrimAge acceleration (beta = 1.23 years, p = 3.63e-06), higher GrimAge2 acceleration (beta = 1.27 years, p = 1.62e-05), and higher DunedinPoAm (beta = 0.02, p = 2.34e-05). A 1 SD increase in log2 serum cotinine levels was associated with higher GrimAge2 acceleration (beta = 1.40 years, p = 6.53e-04) and higher DunedinPoAm (beta = 0.03, p = 6.31e-04). Associations between cadmium and EAA across several clocks persisted in sensitivity models adjusted for serum cotinine levels, and other associations involving lead, dioxins, and PCBs were identified. Several environmental exposures are associated with epigenetic aging in a nationally representative US adult population, with particularly strong associations related to cadmium and cotinine across several epigenetic clocks.

Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article - 
https://aging.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Faging.206201

Subscribe for free publication alerts from Aging - https://www.aging-us.com/subscribe-to-toc-alerts

Keywords - aging, epigenetic aging, environmental exposures, exposome, epigenetics

Please visit our website at https://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/
X - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@AgingJournal
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/
Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/aging-us.bsky.social
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/
Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/1X4HQQgegjReaf6Mozn6Mc

MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Longevity & Aging Series (S3, E5): Dr. Andres Cardenas

BUFFALO, NY - August 13, 2025 – A new #research paper was #published in Volume 16 of Oncotarget on July 29, 2025, titled “PCAIs stimulate MAPK, PI3K/AKT pathways and ROS-Mediated apoptosis in aromatase inhibitor-resistant breast cancer cells while disrupting actin filaments and focal adhesion.”

In this study, led by first author Jassy Mary S. Lazarte and corresponding author Nazarius S. Lamango from Florida A&M University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, researchers investigated a new class of compounds called polyisoprenylated cysteinyl amide inhibitors (PCAIs) as a potential treatment for aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy resistant breast cancer. Aromatase inhibitors are a common treatment for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer, but many patients eventually develop resistance, leaving fewer therapeutic options.

The study focused on a PCAI compound called NSL-YHJ-2-27, which was tested in long-term letrozole-treated breast cancer cells (LTLT-Ca), an experimental model of AI therapy resistance. NSL-YHJ-2-27 activated two major signaling pathways, MAPK and PI3K/AKT. Although these pathways typically support cancer cell survival, their overstimulation by PCAIs led to increased oxidative stress, damaging the cells and inducing cell death by apoptosis. The compound also reduced levels of RAC1 and CDC42, proteins involved in maintaining cell shape and movement. These alterations resulted in cytoskeletal disruption and reduced structural integrity, making the cancer cells more vulnerable and less capable of spreading. Importantly, the effects of NSL-YHJ-2-27 persisted after the compound was removed, suggesting long-term control over AI resistant cancer cells may be possible.

“PCAIs inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation by 95% and 74%, respectively, increased active caspase 7 and BAX 1.5-fold and 56%, respectively. NSL-YHJ-2-27 (10 μM) induced LTLT-Ca spheroid degeneration by 61%.”

As a new class of targeted molecules, PCAIs represent an innovative approach distinct from traditional endocrine therapies. Their ability to affect multiple cellular mechanisms simultaneously makes them promising candidates for future drug development.

Overall, this study presents a promising new approach for treating AI therapy-resistant breast cancer. By targeting cellular pathways that support survival and mobility, PCAIs like NSL-YHJ-2-27 could provide a novel strategy to manage advanced or resistant forms of the disease. Further research, including in vivo studies and clinical trials, will be essential to confirm these findings and evaluate their therapeutic potential.

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28759

Correspondence to - Nazarius S. Lamango - nazarius.lamango@famu.edu

Video short - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8xQEilloO9Q

Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article - https://oncotarget.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Foncotarget.28759

Subscribe for free publication alerts from Oncotarget - https://www.oncotarget.com/subscribe/

Keywords - cancer, PCAIs, ROS, MAPK, PI3K/AKT, LTLT-Ca cells

To learn more about Oncotarget, please visit https://www.oncotarget.com and connect with us:

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/Oncotarget/
X - https://twitter.com/oncotarget
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/oncotargetjrnl/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@OncotargetJournal
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/oncotarget
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/oncotarget/
Reddit - https://www.reddit.com/user/Oncotarget/
Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/0gRwT6BqYWJzxzmjPJwtVh

MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

New Compound Disrupts Survival Pathways in Aromatase Inhibitor-Resistant Breast Cancer Cells

Oncotarget is a primarily oncology-focused, peer-reviewed, open access journal. Papers are published continuously within yearly volumes in their final and complete form and then quickly released to Pubmed.

Oncotarget is now indexed by MEDLINE, PubMed and PMC/PubMed.

Read about the Oncotarget Scientific Integrity Process: https://www.oncotarget.com/scientific_integrity/

Aging-US is dedicated to advancing our understanding of the biological mechanisms that drive aging and the development of age-related diseases. Our mission is to serve as a platform for high-quality research that uncovers the cellular, molecular, and systemic processes underlying aging, and translates these insights into strategies to extend healthspan and delay the onset of chronic disease.

Read about the Aging (Aging-US) Scientific Integrity Process: https://aging-us.com/scientific-integrity

New tracks tagged #ResearchPaper