Will AI take our jobs? Does AI boost economic productivity? Is it a choice of going green or going digital?

Our host Paul Gordon talks to ECB colleagues António Dias da Silva, Guzmán González-Torres Fernández and Miles Parker to find out what AI means for the economy, especially for productivity, job prospects and energy supply.

The views expressed are those of the speakers and not necessarily those of the European Central Bank.

Published on 9 April 2025 and recorded on 3 April 2025.

In this episode:
00:55 Is AI replacing jobs?
Can AI ever replace jobs in journalism or film-making? Will AI be our next podcast host?

02:14 Is AI a job changer? 
How are new technologies changing our jobs? 

04:00 Age, education and gender
Who uses AI and how do people feel about it? Does AI usage differ based on age, education and gender?

06:57 Sectors with the highest AI usage
Which sectors use AI the most? What’s behind the different attitudes towards AI in different areas of the economy?

09:00 Corporate usage of AI
What do companies need to effectively use AI? 

11:02 How does AI affect productivity?
How can AI be put to good use? To what extent can Europe’s economy grow with current AI usage? Is the world ready for AI?

13:29 The role of policymakers 
How can policymakers make it easier for companies to use AI? 

15:10 AI and energy consumption
How much energy does AI need? How much energy does ChatGPT use for one search? Will energy demand go up or down?

17:15 Go green or go digital? 
Do we need to choose or does AI allow both? How could AI help the green transition? 

19:10 Obstacles
What are the roadblocks to the green and digital transitions? What investment is needed to make these transitions a success? What else needs to be done? 

21:50 Our guests’ hot tips
António, Guzmán and Miles share their hot tips with our listeners. 

Further reading:
The ECB Blog: AI adoption and employment prospects
https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/blog/date/2025/html/ecb.blog20250321~6af1337b6b.en.html 

The ECB Blog: AI versus green: clash of the transitions?
https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/blog/date/2025/html/ecb.blog20250325~ed12b0ff35.en.html 

The ECB Blog: AI can boost productivity – if firms use it
https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/blog/date/2025/html/ecb.blog20250328~60c0a587f7.en.html 

Hot tip from António: Tech-focused podcast Babbage by The Economist https://www.economist.com/audio/podcasts/babbage 

Hot tip from Guzmán: The ECB recent conference on “The transformative power of AI: economic implications and challenges”
https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/conferences/html/20250401_transformative_power_of_ai.en.html 

Hot tip from Miles: International Energy Agency website
https://www.iea.org/ 

ECB Instagram
https://www.instagram.com/europeancentralbank/ 

European Central Bank
www.ecb.europa.eu 

ECB Banking Supervision
https://www.bankingsupervision.europa.eu/home/html/index.en.html

AI: economic game changer or job taker?

What does it really take to survive and grow in the finance world when the industry keeps shifting beneath your feet? In this episode of Financial Frontiers, Andrew Mreana joins Constantinos Michaelides for a no-fluff conversation on the challenges, wins, and realities of building a career in finance and fintech. 

With 14+ years across retail forex, B2B tech, and now leading growth at Xoala — a neobank pushing the boundaries of digital finance — Andrew shares his sharp insights into how finance professionals and entrepreneurs can adapt, stay compliant, and scale smart in a high-pressure, ever-evolving landscape. 

In this episode, we cover: 
• How neobanks are solving real problems for modern businesses 
• What traditional banks are getting wrong (and why founders are fed up) 
• Sales, branding, and growth strategies that actually work in B2B finance 
• The hidden complexity behind payment gateways, IBANs, and multi-currency management 
• Why most fintech projects fail — and how to spot the red flags early 

A must-watch for finance professionals, founders, and anyone navigating the crossroads of money, tech, and growth in 2025. 

Neobanks, Regulation & Real Talk: A Deep Dive with Andrew Mreana - Ep. 039

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The global economy as well as the U.S. is heading for more volatility with 2024's issues becoming more severe in 2025 as expected.

The U.S. stock market is likely in an official "bear market" with more foreign selling ahead. The same expectation applies to the U.S. government debt marketplace with more selling of U.S. securities and higher interest rates continuing. The Federal Reserve’s buying of U.S. debt expected to once again prop up the debt markets but higher inflation expectations likely to continue to force U.S. interest rates higher. 2025, as expected, is shaping up to be a challenging year for both the employment and financial markets.


Ep. 137 - Prior Concerns Coming True... For Better or Worse

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The European Central Bank Podcast – bringing you insights into the world of economics and central banking. 

Our hosts Paul Gordon and Stefania Secola talk to experts about the topics and trends that matter to the eurozone economy today.

The views expressed are those of the speakers and not necessarily those of the European Central Bank.

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