The Penalty Doctrine in Contract Law

We've never been fans of the contract law rule against penalties. Why can't parties (sophisticated ones at least) agree to suffer a penalty in the event of breach? We’d ordinarily avoid this topic, because the doctrine makes little sense and the issue doesn’t come up much in the sovereign debt world. But recently, a couple of sovereign restructurings (Ghana and Zambia) have used “Loss Reinstatement Provisions.” At least on their face, these provisions seem vulnerable to challenge under the penalty doctrine, since, if the sovereign defaults on the restructured deal, they impose a loss that seems untethered to the injury creditors have suffered. Would these new clauses be enforced if challenged? The contracts in question are both under English law, which we don't know much about. But that does not stop us from speculating and arguing.

Producer: Leanna Doty

Ep 146 ft. Mitu & Mark

In this episode of "Are We All Clear? Facilitating Security Clearances," host Molly O'Casey discusses how cleared companies follow guidelines and compliance when sharing employees or services with International Trade attorney Marina O'Brien. This episode also covers how the Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency (DCSA) monitors cleared companies for potential foreign ownership, control, or influence (FOCI) issues, what Affiliate Operations Plans (AOPs) entail, and how beneficial it might be for a company to comply with DCSA regulations.

Staying Compliant When Sharing Employees or Services

It's contract season and Bob Williams from Williams Law is helping us parse through Mike Norvell's Contract situation!

Bob Williams - Williams Law - Seg 3 - November 20

Bitcoin’s lack of native programmability, coupled with advancements in zero knowledge cryptography, has led to rollups being explored as a substitute for an execution layer. Citrea’s approach involves using Bitcoin as a data availability & settlement layer for their zero knowledge rollup. These rollups not only lower transaction costs, but they also enable smart contracts to use Bitcoin’s L1 security and further incentivise miners to secure the chain despite halving rewards. In order to inherit Bitcoin’s security, zk proofs are inscribed in Bitcoin blocks.

Topics discussed in this episode:
- Orkun’s background
- Inscriptions, BitVM and zk rollups on Bitcoin
- Optimistic bridging
- Sequencer
- Programmability solutions on Bitcoin
- BitVM development
- Citrea ecosystem development
- cBTC vs. custodial wrapped BTC
- There is no second best!
- PoW, halving block rewards and how rollups incentivise miners
- Citrea’s efficiency & fee reduction
- Bitcoin as an inflation hedge

Links mentioned in this episode: 
- Orkun Mahir Kilic on Twitter: https://bit.ly/40DS51p
- Citrea on Twitter: https://bit.ly/40ESMrj
- BitVM: https://bit.ly/4etJL7J

Sponsors: 
- Chorus1: Chorus One is one of the largest node operators worldwide, supporting more than 100,000 delegators, across 45 networks. The recently launched OPUS allows staking up to 8,000 ETH in a single transaction. Enjoy the highest yields and institutional grade security at chorus.one - 
- Gnosis: Gnosis builds decentralized infrastructure for the Ethereum ecosystem, since 2015. This year marks the launch of Gnosis Pay— the world's first Decentralized Payment Network. Get started today at gnosis.io -

This episode is hosted by Felix Lutsch. Show notes and listening options: https://epicenter.tv/573

#573 Orkun Mahir Kilic: Citrea – Modular Rollup Framework on Bitcoin

Bitcoin’s Taproot update paved the way for a new & exciting era for Bitcoin, as it expanded its use case far beyond that of an immutable ledger. However, Ordinals, BRC-20 tokens and, more recently, Runes, have limited functionality compared to what DeFi is capable of, on other smart contract blockchains. BitcoinOS envisions a revolutionary Bitcoin economy that stems from truly programmable tokens, unlocking staking, governance and many other use cases. Using BitSNARK and Grail, BitcoinOS enables Bitcoin “rollups”, which act as execution environments that use BTC as gas fee and inherit security from the L1. The missing link was always a trustless bridge between Bitcoin L1 and any potential L2. And Grail Bridge achieved just that - using zero knowledge cryptography, BTC could be transferred to other chains without relying on other custodians’ trust assumptions. In that sense, Bitcoin block #853626 is historically meaningful as it contains the first-ever onchain verification of a zero knowledge proof, on Bitcoin. A truly programmable smart contract operating system on Bitcoin was no longer a mere concept…it became a reality through BitcoinOS.

Topics discussed in this episode:
- Yago’s background
- The effect of Trump’s election on the crypto industry
- The goal behind BitcoinOS
- The history of Bitcoin’s programmability
- Verifying ZK proofs on Bitcoin
- Taproot
- Ordinals
- BitSNARK, Grail bridge and Merkle Mesh
- BitcoinOS modularity and sequencing
- An impending (r)evolution of the industry
- Bitcoin vs. Ethereum L2 landscape
- Bringing Bitcoin liquidity to Cardano
- BitcoinOS roadmap

Links mentioned in this episode: 
- Edan Yago on X: https://bit.ly/3OCKIjv
- Bitcoin OS on X: https://bit.ly/3VjHUeI

Sponsors: 
- Chorus1: Chorus One is one of the largest node operators worldwide, supporting more than 100,000 delegators, across 45 networks. The recently launched OPUS allows staking up to 8,000 ETH in a single transaction. Enjoy the highest yields and institutional grade security at chorus.one - 
- Gnosis: Gnosis builds decentralized infrastructure for the Ethereum ecosystem, since 2015. This year marks the launch of Gnosis Pay— the world's first Decentralized Payment Network. Get started today at gnosis.io -

This episode is hosted by Sebastien Couture. Show notes and listening options: https://epicenter.tv/576

#576 Edan Yago: Bitcoin OS – Bitcoin Block 853626 Changed Everything!

Annie Fitzsimmons, Washington Realtors Legal Hotline Lawyer, is back with another installment of "You Are Practicing Law: Is It Authorized?"
This series explores the 1985 Washington State Supreme Court case, Cultum vs. Heritage House, a cornerstone for understanding the legal boundaries of real estate brokers' authority to draft contracts. Annie explains the limitations of your authority to draft a purchase and sale agreement, select forms, and draft the language in the Purchase and Sale agreement as defined by the Washington State Supreme Court in the 1985 cult and Versus Heritage House case.

Starring Annie Fitzsimmons (WR's Legal Hotline Lawyer)


Disclaimer: Legal Hotline services, including videos, articles, and access to the Hotline, are a Washington REALTOR® member-only educational benefit and do not constitute legal counsel. If you’re a primary member in good standing, visit warealtor.org with your M1 ID and password to access more features. 

--------------------------

Copyright © 2025 Washington REALTORS®. 
Please contact Washington REALTORS® (1-800-562-6024) 
before using this video outside of YouTube.

Simple Transactions: You Are Practicing Law…Is it Authorized? Part 2: Legal Hotline: 2025

Un court essai (en français) sur les relations entre études queers et études en danse, et sur ce qu'elles ont à dire sur les pratiques «contrecontractuelles» qu'elles fabriquent pour se tenir (parfois) en dehors des normes du genre ou du préchorégraphié.

A short essay (in French) on the relationships between dance & queer studies and their mutual relationship to «countercontractualizing» outside of the gendered and otherwise prechoreographed.

contrecontrats

Annie Fitzsimmons, Washington Realtors Legal Hotline Lawyer, is back with another installment of "You Are Practicing Law: Is It Authorized?"
This series explores the 1985 Washington State Supreme Court case, Cultum vs. Heritage House, a cornerstone for understanding the legal boundaries of real estate brokers' authority to draft contracts. Annie explains the limitations of your authority to draft a purchase and sale agreements based on the fact that you are only permitted to complete simple, printed, standardized real estate forms that are approved by a lawyer as defined by the Washington State Supreme Court in the 1985 cult and Versus Heritage House case.

Starring Annie Fitzsimmons (WR's Legal Hotline Lawyer)


Disclaimer: Legal Hotline services, including videos, articles, and access to the Hotline, are a Washington REALTOR® member-only educational benefit and do not constitute legal counsel. If you’re a primary member in good standing, visit warealtor.org with your M1 ID and password to access more features. 

--------------------------

Copyright © 2025 Washington REALTORS®. 
Please contact Washington REALTORS® (1-800-562-6024) 
before using this video outside of YouTube.

Preprinted, Standardized Forms: You Are Practicing Law…Is it Authorized? Part 2: Legal Hotline: 2025

Annie Fitzsimmons, Washington Realtors Legal Hotline Lawyer, is back with another installment of "You Are Practicing Law: Is It Authorized?"
This series explores the 1985 Washington State Supreme Court case, Cultum vs. Heritage House, a cornerstone for understanding the legal boundaries of real estate brokers' authority to draft contracts. Annie explains the limitations of your authority to draft Purchase and Sale Agreements considering that brokers can only select forms and draft Purchase and Sale Agreements when the need arises from providing real estate brokerage services as defined by the Washington State Supreme Court in the 1985 Cultum vs. Heritage House case.

Starring Annie Fitzsimmons (WR's Legal Hotline Lawyer)


Disclaimer: Legal Hotline services, including videos, articles, and access to the Hotline, are a Washington REALTOR® member-only educational benefit and do not constitute legal counsel. If you’re a primary member in good standing, visit warealtor.org with your M1 ID and password to access more features. 

__________________

Copyright © 2025 Washington REALTORS®. 
Please contact Washington REALTORS® (1-800-562-6024) 
before using this video outside of YouTube.

From Real Estate Brokerage Services: You Are Practicing Law…Is it Authorized? Part 4: Legal Hotline

Luke Fickell gets an extension. Good, bad, strange move?

Fickells Extension - Seg 4 - February 19

We have venue changes, big bags coming out, and some free agents who are hoping for new homes and money.

Buy or Sell - Seg 5 - March 7

We have movement in the NCAA Basketball coaching circles. We discuss.

CBB Coaching Carousel Spins Again - Seg 2 - March 24

🎙️ Welcome to this episode of CER Matters! Today we dive into the evolving world of employment contracts for Catholic organisations. We're joined by Chris and Nicki, two employment law experts, to unpack why contracts are so much more than just paperwork - they’re crucial for setting clear expectations, staying compliant with the law and avoiding messy disputes later on.

In this episode, we discuss:
✅ How often to review and update employment contracts
✅ Common mistakes employers make (and how to avoid them)
✅ Must-have clauses like termination, confidentiality, location and more
✅ Pay secrecy law changes and intellectual property considerations
✅ The critical differences between employees and independent contractors under the new Fair Work Act rules

Chris and Nicki share real-world examples, practical advice and tips to make sure your employment contracts are strong, flexible and future-proof.

Contract essentials

Three startup founders in the solar and storage sectors share their experiences on funding, scaling, competitive advantages, and growth strategies. Listen to the leaders from Sunstack Racking, ContractPower, and Commercial Solar Panel Recycling discuss challenges and opportunities in today’s energy landscape, offering candid insights for emerging ventures in the industry. 

Strategies for Success: Insights from Clean Energy Startup Founders

Considering honey bees have been on earth for between 40 to 150 million years, it pays to consider their hive strategy for success, especially because it maps perfectly onto medical groups.

Why Hospital-Based Medical Groups Must Exploit Honey Bee Strategy

This comprehensive guide delves into the essential business structures and financial considerations for both artists and their managers within the music industry. It highlights the critical need for both parties to formally structure their business operations, often with legal and accounting advice, to manage tax implications and liability. For artists, the text emphasizes active participation in financial management, including personal and career budgeting, understanding diverse income streams, and engaging professional financial advisors as their career progresses. Managers, conversely, are shown to require robust financial planning for their own business and are primarily compensated via commission, while maintaining transparent financial practices and expertly managing artist funds and expenses. Ultimately, the source underscores that a successful music career is inherently tied to sound financial understanding and management for all involved.

Essentials of Artist Management and Music Business Contracts Pt1

In this powerful episode of BallAtAllCost, we welcome our first female guest, Cat, a dedicated football mum who shares deep insights into her son’s journey through grassroots football into academy life.

From early dreams on community pitches to the structured challenges of academy football, Cat walks us through it all from a parent’s perspective, the sacrifices, the emotional ride, and the hope every parent carries.

This is part of our ongoing Academy Series, where we spotlight stories that don’t always make the headlines.

A Mothers Story

ICE SO COLD I STARE AT CEILING
XMR WALLETS START INCREASING
REVENUE CHARTS MOVE SO FAST I'M MISSING
IN ACTION I'M ALWAYS WINNING
GRANDS OF CASH I'M STACKING FAST
BUT IN SHADOWS I CAST
LUXURY LIFESTYLE LIKE AN OIL BOSS
WHEN U FIGHT ME, IT'S YOUR LOSS

I CREEP UP SLOWLY TAKE YOUR MONEY HOSTAGE I DON'T CARE
LUNAR SOFTWARE YEAR TO DATE UP 200% (YEAH)
I MANAGE MY OWN FINANCE CUZ I'M THE BEST
NEED HELP? JUST SIGN CONTRACT & I'LL HANDLE REST

IN THIS BIZ OVER 5 YEARS, BUT NOW I'M SHINING
NO POINT IN HIDING, BLACK MARKET FINANCE
ACCOUNTS ON BINANCE, TRANSFERS ON BYBIT
MONERO WALLET, YEAH I MINED IT
 
DO YOU KNOW THAT 2 YEARS AGO I USED TO BE BROKE
BUT I NEVER LOST HOPE, HATERS STAYED ON BOTTOM
EVERYONE CLAIMS TO BE SELF-MADE BUT MOST OF THEM LIE
I CAN TELL CUZ I WAS AT BOTTOM NOW I SHINE

IT WAS FINE BUT I TELL PEOPLE TO KEEP DREAMING
WITHOUT GOALS LIFE HAS NO MEANING
CREATING, WHAT I'M FEELING, I MEAN IT
WRITING CODE WITHOUT STEALING

ICE SO COLD I STARE AT CEILING
XMR WALLETS START INCREASING
REVENUE CHARTS MOVE SO FAST I'M MISSING
IN ACTION I'M ALWAYS WINNING
GRANDS OF CASH I'M STACKING FAST
BUT IN SHADOWS I CAST
LUXURY LIFESTYLE LIKE AN OIL BOSS
WHEN U FIGHT ME, IT'S YOUR LOSS

CONTRACTS [ITAMERU]

Welcome to The Procurement Lobby Podcast—the podcast that demystifies government contracting and turns the complexities of public procurement into a roadmap for business growth.

In this first episode, host "The Procurement Lobbyist" introduces the world of government procurement, a powerful but often-overlooked market worth trillions of dollars. Whether you’re a business owner looking to land your first contract or a government employee involved in the procurement process, this show is for you.

The Procurement Lobby Podcast peels back the layers of bureaucracy and red tape to give you the practical, actionable steps you need to succeed. Get ready to learn how to:

Find and win government contracts

Administer contracts and maintain public sector client relationships

Stay current on new regulations and trends

Implement innovative procurement strategies

Stop missing public sector business opportunities and quit leaving money on the table. It's time to make the government your biggest client.

The Procurement Lobby Podcast, Episode 1: The Introduction

We combine Human Resources, Employment Relations and Legal Services to identify and support all your workplace needs

This podcast dives deep into the world of grassroots football, offering insights and guidance to help parents navigate the often challenging and intricate landscape of youth sports. Each episode provides practical advice, tackling issues like player development, balancing commitments, managing expectations, and understanding the nuances of the grassroots football ecosystem.

Join the grassroots football dads as they share their insights and experiences along with  established guests sharing their vast knowledge on a  weekly basis.

I genuinely believe in the potential of music to facilitate personal growth, foster meaningful connections, and cultivate shared experiences. My mission centers on producing dynamic musical works, both in the booth and studio, as an effective medium for storytelling, spiritual exploration, and the creation of deep emotional bonds.


+ Life Long Musical Professional & Enthusiast | Creative Entrepreneur | Music Producer | Club DJ | Event Production, Management, and Design Specialist | Electrician | Graphic Designer | Barber & Comedian 
+ Academic Background Master of Arts in Arts and Media, Audio Production, Media Management, Psychology, Mathematics, Sciences, and Business.   

**UNIFI MUSIC LLC**
NYC-Based Record Label, Music Production & Artist Management
At UNIFI MUSIC LLC, we aim to cultivate a creative and collaborative ecosystem for emerging musicians, artists, and producers. We are dedicated to educating up-and-coming artists to help them reach their highest potential while providing them the means to release music on all essential platforms. Our goal is to create an inspiring and lasting impact on the music industry. Music, dance, and storytelling are fundamental parts of the human experience. Art inspires, helps us find purpose, and fosters meaningful, lifelong connections..

Website - https://bio.site/anelo
Label - https://UnifiMusicRecords.com
Email - Promo@UnifiMusic.info

Epicenter is a podcast about the technologies, projects & people driving decentralization and the global blockchain revolution.

Epicenter is hosted by Brian Fabian Crain, Sebastien Couture and Meher Roy. Every week, we find the most interesting people in the industry for in-depth discussions about their projects, ideas and stories.

Clauses and Controversies: A Podcast about International Finance, Contract Clauses and the Controversies Surrounding These Clauses

After Hours is live Monday-Friday from 6-8 PM live on 1620 The Zone. We talk all things Huskers, Jays, Mavs Reivers, and High School sports in the state of Nebraska!

New tracks tagged #contracts