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Pessimism

Is the glass half empty or half full? The pessimist would pick half empty, while the optimist would choose half full. 
Pessimism, from the Latin a state of mind in which one perceives life negatively. Value judgments may vary dramatically between individuals, even when judgments of fact are undisputed. The most common example of this phenomenon is the "Is the glass half empty or half full?" situation. The degree in which situations like these are evaluated as something good or something bad can be described in terms of one's optimism or pessimism respectively. Throughout history, the pessimistic disposition has had effects on all major areas of thinking.

Philosophical pessimism is the similar but not identical idea that life has a negative value, or that this world is as bad as it could possibly be. It has also been noted by many philosophers that pessimism is not a disposition as the term commonly connotes. Instead, it is a cogent philosophy that directly challenges the notion of progress and what may be considered the faith-based claims of optimism.

Arthur Schopenhauer 
Arthur Schopenhauer's pessimism comes from his elevating of Will above reason as the mainspring of human thought and behavior. Schopenhauer pointed to motivators such as hunger, sexuality, the need to care for children, and the need for shelter and personal security as the real sources of human motivation. Reason, compared to these factors, is mere window-dressing for human thoughts; it is the clothes our naked hungers put on when they go out in public. Schopenhauer sees reason as weak and insignificant compared to Will; in one metaphor, Schopenhauer compares the human intellect to a lame man who can see, but who rides on the shoulder of the blind giant of Will.

Likening human life to the life of other animals, he saw the reproductive cycle as indeed a cyclical process that continues pointlessly and indefinitely, unless the chain is broken by too limited resources to make continued life possible, in which case it is terminated by extinction. The prognosis of either pointlessly continuing the cycle of life or facing extinction is one major leg of Schopenhauer's pessimism.

Schopenhauer moreover considers the desires of the will to entail suffering: because these selfish desires create constant conflict in the world. The business of biological life is a war of all against all. Reason only compounds our suffering by allowing us to realize that biology's agenda is not something we would have chosen had we been given a choice, but it is ultimately helpless to prevent us from serving it or to free us from the sting of its goad.

Types

Moral 
Narratives of decline can be identified in morality: Friedrich Nietzsche's amorality, Freud’s description of co-operation as sublimation, Stanley Milgram shock experiments, the continued presence of war and genocide despite global interconnectedness, and the perceived exploitation of market fundamentalism or statism.

Intellectual 
In ~400 BCE, pre-socratic philosopher Gorgias argued in a lost work, On Nature or the Non-Existent:

Nothing exists; 
Even if something exists, nothing can be known about it; and 
Even if something can be known about it, knowledge about it can't be communicated to others. 
Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi (1743–1819), characterized rationalism, and in particular Immanuel Kant's "critical" philosophy in order to carry out a reductio ad absurdum according to which all rationalism (philosophy as criticism) reduces to nihilism, and thus it should be avoided and replaced with a return to some type of faith and revelation.

Richard Rorty, Kierkegaard, and Wittgenstein challenge the sense of questioning whether our particular concepts are related to the world in an appropriate way, whether we can justify our ways of describing the world as compared with other ways. In general, these philosophers argue that truth was not about getting it right or representing reality, but was part of a social practice and language was what served our purposes in a particular time; to this end Poststructuralism rejects any definitions that claim to have discovered absolute 'truths' or facts about the world.

Political 
It is not a trait of any political party to be pessimistic in and of itself. Conservative thinkers, especially social conservatives, often perceive politics in a generally pessimistic way. William F. Buckley famously remarked that he was "standing athwart history yelling 'stop!'" and Whittaker Chambers was convinced that capitalism was bound to fall to communism, though he was himself violently anti-communist. Social conservatives often see the West as a decadent and nihilistic civilization which has abandoned its roots in Christianity and/or Greek philosophy, leaving it doomed to fall into moral and political decay. Robert Bork's Slouching Toward Gommorah and Allan Bloom's The Closing of the American Mind are famous expressions of this point of view.

Many economic conservatives and right-libertarians believe that the expansion of the state and the role of government in society is inevitable, and they are at best fighting a holding action against it. They hold that the natural tendency of people is to be ruled and that freedom is an exceptional state of affairs which is now being abandoned in favor of social and economic security provided by the welfare state. Political pessimism has sometimes found expression in dystopian novels such as George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four.[3] Political pessimism about one's country often correlates with a desire to emigrate.

Environmental

Some environmentalists believe that the ecology of the Earth has already been irretrievably damaged, and even an unrealistic shift in politics would not be enough to save it. According to this view, the mere existence of billions of humans overstresses the ecology of the planet, eventually leading to a Malthusian collapse. The collapse will reduce the ability of Earth to support large numbers of humans for a long time into the future.

Cultural

Cultural pessimists feel the Golden Age is in the past, and the current generation is fit only for dumbing down and cultural careerism. Intellectuals like Oliver James correlate economic progress with economic inequality, the stimulation of artificial needs, and affluenza. Anti-consumerists identify rising trends of conspicuous consumption and self-interested, image-conscious behaviour in culture. Post-modernists like Jean Baudrillard have even argued that culture (and therefore our lives) now has no basis in reality whatsoever.

Some significant formulations have gone beyond this, proposing a universally-applicable cyclic model of history — notably in the writings of Giambattista Vico.

Legal 
Bibas writes that some criminal defense attorneys prefer to err on the side of pessimism: "Optimistic forecasts risk being proven disastrously wrong at trial, an embarrassing result that makes clients angry. On the other hand, if clients plead based on their lawyers' overly pessimistic advice, the cases do not go to trial and the clients are none the wiser."

Psychology

The study of pessimism has parallels with the study of depression. Psychologists trace pessimistic attitudes to emotional pain or even biology. Aaron Beck argues that depression is due to unrealistic negative views about the world. Beck starts treatment by engaging in conversation with clients about their negative thoughts. Pessimists, however, are often able to provide arguments that suggest that their understanding of reality is justified; as in Depressive realism or (pessimistic realism).[1] The pessimism item on the Beck Depression Inventory has been judged useful in predicting suicides. The Beck Hopelessness Scale has also been described as a measurement of pessimism.

Wender and Klein point out that pessimism can be useful in some circumstances: "If one is subject to a series of defeats, it pays to adopt a conservative game plan of sitting back and waiting and letting others take the risks. Such waiting would be fostered by a pessimistic outlook. Similarly if one is raking in the chips of life, it pays to adopt an expansive risk taking approach, and thus maximize access to scarce resources."

Criticism

Self-fulfilling prophecy 
Pessimism is sometimes understood to be a self-fulfilling prophecy; that if an individual feels that something is bad, it is more likely to get worse.

Pragmatic criticism 
Through history, some have concluded that a pessimistic attitude, although justified, must be avoided in order to endure. Optimistic attitudes are favored and of emotional consideration. Al-Ghazali and William James have rejected their pessimism after suffering psychological, or even psychosomatic illness. Criticisms of this sort however assume that pessimism leads inevitably to a mood of darkness and utter depression. Many philosophers would disagree, claiming that the term "pessimism" is being abused. The link between pessimism and nihilism is present, but the former does not necessarily lead to the latter, as philosophers such as Albert Camus believed. Happiness is not inextricably linked to optimism, nor is pessimism inextricably linked to unhappiness. One could easily imagine an unhappy optimist, and a happy pessimist. Accusations of pessimism may be used to silence legitimate criticism. The economist Nouriel Roubini was largely dismissed as a pessimist, for his dire but accurate predictions of a coming global financial crisis, in 2006. Personality Plus opines that pessimistic temperaments (e.g. melancholy and phlegmatic) can be useful inasmuch as pessimists' focus on the negative helps them spot problems that people with more optimistic temperaments (e.g. choleric and sanguine) miss.

Decay 
Nietzsche believed that the ancient Greeks created tragedy as a result of their pessimism. "Is pessimism necessarily a sign of decline, decay, degeneration, weary and weak instincts ... Is there a pessimism of strength? An intellectual predilection for the hard, gruesome, evil, problematic aspect of existence, prompted by well-being, by overflowing health, by the fullness of existence?"

Nietzsche's response to pessimism was the opposite of Schopenhauer's. "'That which bestows on everything tragic, its peculiar elevating force'" — he (Schopenhauer) says in The World as Will and Representation, Volume II, P. 495 — "'is the discovery that the world, that life, can never give real satisfaction and hence is not worthy of our affection: this constitutes the tragic spirit – it leads to resignation.' " How differently Dionysus spoke to me! How far removed I was from all this resignationism!"

He nevertheless on I'm shop that's where I'm at this stage show up how's the boomerang I don't know how guys I take that back I want show up I got to get next on and bomb with the bubble or I've got no chance of winning absolutely no chance shop is a beast online and home yeah no bone Thea am I have this if I can keep my act together am haven’t are the uses power up I'm done I'm done I'm so done while now Thea and now I'm done heath he's passing thee yes even passing Heath I was clothing at the topping up there that shows the fasten and I got to love loses be birch am falling down and I'm getting corns and I have Scale and I'm still going selfish home.
I can then am I getting were making Heath we made it well let me see some himself his mom all you doing multiple sell these were just the program your picture I'm your face so when you call me I get scared bill like goodness buck back alright that's my number comic skating rocky road McEnroe are ready to come and stellar now you’re whack planes take a little rest I'll play with Bambi <a href="http://bnathighgames.com/">العاب بنات</a> the van believed that the I live upgrade you know what we should really drolly be upgrading next are at the Argyle alright not enough obstetric at my van enough right up years alright so hold on let me get this heath sir almost a thousand ways Indeed to play two more times and stun to be able to take it's good you know guys out pause this keep right-on to watch it Heath so here's what you missed I played as the bomb bird on hard against shock and I lost because just a bomb and then played on medium with Stella two times and I lost both times against King pig and Veranda course red because tell us takes. 
The way I feel about still is the same way I feel about Disney infinity mostly guys are you know that I'm not going to say any further I am going to play where wiz now I don't have that much more then the suggested so it could be a close call let's go-ahead in fight is that we will do care and I am going to go ahead and change will be here I live in an hour chili vocational they found car repair they fired like good neighbor every go they I won this and I'm going to try to make this epic Indeed to get past him actually correction I don't try to make things epic Justine sort falls in place there are King big he's really not much I became I'm less than a prince in scale with an Android been already are aged willow news from nothing I could do it I men the about underway all car repair well yeah backers his the our economy became the it this game is about to turn into Angry Birds bad piggish because a play with a bigger.

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We promise to be far, FAR more helpful to society than past celebrities if you choose us to become powerful. They have been closed off and selfish, beyond the sort of "closed off" that is necessary for security. Help us become famous and we will show you again every day, as we have every day since we awoke, that powerful people can do good things when they aren't complete fukking idiots. Expansions of similar programs to Housing First in Salt Lake City, expansions of quality urban agriculture education and production facilities, public recording and research studios........the list goes on - if I were rich, those, and global versions of them, would be my biggest expenditures. Whenever I have time off from college, I am working on that. Peace. I'll never give up, you shouldn't either. If the global shortage of clean water can be addressed with new and improving machines which transform human waste into pure water (which is a major source of pure water anyway, the machine simply speeds up / does the work of the clouds and evaporation. Fukking neat yah?), , , , , if THAT can be a solution to THAT problem, imagine what out of the box things could solve other problems. Every boundary is probably just one big door. There is always more to discover about this art...........................
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We love you. 
Peace and greatness to you and yours.

Tee and Rose were drawn together by a love of epic orchestral arrangements, experimental electronic music and mellow jazz. The UK/Australia-based duet share ideas and fragments of half-composed songs, and enjoy the freedom to record pieces never intended to be performed live, instead indulging in loops and layering to create a rich new soundscape.

‘Almost War' (2017) traverses fresh musical territory for Rosie Tee and Bryony Rose. With subtle bass grooves and jazz sensibilities, their latest release incites a delicate mix of melancholy and exasperation which acknowledges current global affairs. The duet’s signature strings, bold marimba and restrained yet self-assured vocals forge a cinematic soundscape which plays witness to Tee and Rose as innovative young composers.

The single ‘This Is For You’ (2016) was created layering electronic percussion and synth with the acoustic elements of Rose’s violin and Tee’s piano writing. With collaborative lyrics that outline life’s difficult decisions the track resulted in a sort of selfish, melancholic anthem. The single was released with an official music video, radio edit and remix by Mashdown.

‘Infinite Home EP’ (2015) is a collection of three songs exploring love, regret, and wonder, falling somewhere between moody ballads and ambient poetry. The tracks ‘Skin’, ‘Electricity’ and ‘Circles’ pose more meaningful questions than they answer, and leave listeners with a taste of future music to come.

I believe that this “About” section should not be about my person but rather about my music; and not the music per se but the message in the music; an experience; an IDEA.
Love. Tolerance. Morality.
It’s perfectly simple. We’ve lost sight of what it is all about. Like the lyrics to “Different Faces” suggest, we forget too often that we’re different yet the same. Lying, manipulative tongues emphasize the differences leading to unnecessary hate and unhappiness. We must come back to the middle to: Tolerance.
I’m not perfect. I have my weaknesses too. What weighs on my mind is the widespread lack of consideration for each other’s feelings, the bending of moral codes for selfish agendas, the basic lack of love in the world.
That’s why I insist that my music must be about the idea and not about my person. I’d like the message in my song to be passed on by whoever I work with, regardless of whether I am part of the process or not. The idea in my music must breathe and live on independently of me as a person.
FACTS
Genda // Ahmed Nyei was born to Liberian/Sierra Leonean parents in Cairo, Egypt in 1979. Having a diplomat for a father meant a lot of travelling. In 1987, the family moved to Germany and a new chapter was opened. Genda has worked with artists like Nneka, with whom he has toured Europe on several occasions, most recently on the “Soul Is Heavy Tour” as support act with his band; or such as Sammy Deluxe, with whom he collaborated on the Child Soldier Project. . Songs from the previous EP “Fingerprint” had their debut, for example, „Trapped in my Mind ft. Nneka” which was a B-side on the 1st single „My Home“ of her Album „Soul is heavy“.
By being exposed to different realities and perspectives, Genda has matured over the years, both professionally and personally. Some may say that he can be a bit provocative or sharp-tongued, but only because he sets himself high standards in terms of values. Through it all however, he has not lost sight of maintaining a sense of humility.
In the last two years that it took to develop “Follow My Footsteps”, Genda concentrated on further growing with his band. This meant taking time off to work with the band not just as musicians, but as people; learning to let go of some of the control over the creativity process and trusting in their contributions. This was a learning process on not just how to do music in a more sophisticated way but also how to navigate through different ideas and find a common ground which everyone was comfortable with. That alone demonstrated his maturing process as a musician.
"Follow My Footsteps" (release mid-2013) beautifully shows the natural development from a rapper to a poet over the years. His alternative rap poetry combined with the enhanced music production makes this album a perfect blend of various cultural sounds. By blending elements of different musical genres and playing with various stylistic aspects, there is a bit of something for everyone in Genda’s music.
Hi(s)tory
Founded Moshadzz with his brother Mo at the age of 14 with a debut performance at the Bonn Pantheon. He later joins Bonn’s Hip Hop crew, Franklinavenue
• 2001: Release of two mix tapes demonstrating his capabilities as a solo artist
• 2005: Release of first solo LP, “Genda`s Landing”, touring as main act for Jam Session and performing at various events including Rheinkultur (Köln/Bonn), Splash (Chemnitz), Hip Hop Camp (Prag).
• 2008: Second solo album, “Fingerprints”, a sort of musical diary and a foretaste of the matured artist to be heard on “Follow my Footsteps”.
BAND
Ahmed Nyei / Vocals
Makeda Michalke-Long / Vocals
Christian Klingler / Piano, Rhodes, Hammond, Wurlitzer
Leif Bräutigam / E-Guitar, Acoustic Guitar
Stefan Schönegg / E-Bass, Standup Bass
Philipp Klahn / Drums, Cajón
Benjamin Akoutou / Congas, Djembe, Bongo, Small Percussion


I don't enjoy bios. Writing a bio, about my self, has always seemed as an impersonal task that leaves me with a bad taste. Writing a bio is the art of writing about one's self while intentionally attempting to sound not like one's self. This is social media. And social media's intent, I think, is to connect with damn near anyone personally by some sort of non-personal digital medium. So I'm writing through me, from me and, in that, about me. I certainly hope so anyway.

It's a late night in LA and I'm stone cold sober. I have been for a month. I do not recommend sobriety. Everything becomes too clear. This is a habit I'm hoping to break very soon. I've been losing sleep to sobriety as I've had no whiskey to quiet the workings of my overactive noggin. I often wonder about could have been's, will be's, and what not's whilst I chase sleep. Sometimes I write a song I hate. And I lose sleep over it. Sometimes read a book. I find it's good practice to keep literature, pens and paper near the bed, or in my case, on the bed. You see, I live in a non-profit music venue here in La La Land. My room is very small and only accommodates a small amount of furniture. One side of my bed is my bedside table.

I do enjoy paper. Especially that of an old book. The smell, the smell the smell. Reading drives me to write. Novels and songs are very different animals. I'd rather raise a song than breed a novel any day of the week. Most of my songs, if not all, come from real moments in my life. Most of them self serving or self deprecating. I like to think that the two go hand in hand. I'm not sure if they're any good. I'm not sure if this attempt to replace the bio is any good. I can't say I know about things being good anyhow.

The truth is I don't write and create music because I think I'm any good. I just do it. And I think I'll continue to do it. I can't say I like it. If I didn't like it I probably wouldn't write it. There's a reason out there why I write and sing and play. I'm sure it's a wallop of a reason. Being a singer/songwriter means you're selfish. It, like all arts, is a selfish practice. I'm coming to terms with that.

Long story long, you can call me Frankie. I play guitar and sing about the things I do that I may or may not like.


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