Supernovae are some of biggest, baddest explosions around. In this episode, we will learn what causes these cosmic catastrophes, and the various types of supernova that may manifest depending on the type of star that precedes it.

Soundtrack by CO.AG Music: 
- SoundCloud Link: https://soundcloud.com/co-ag
- YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCcavSftXHgxLBWwLDm_bNvA

Other songs from the YouTube Audio Library, licensed under Creative Commons 4.0 (reuse allowed)

Types of Supernova

The Andromeda Galaxy is our nearest neighbouring spiral galaxy, around 2.5 million light years from Earth. At twice the size and more than double the number of stars, Andromeda represents a larger and even more mysterious galactic kingdom than our own. Today, we will be taking a journey to this galaxy.

Soundtrack by CO.AG Music: 
- SoundCloud Link: https://soundcloud.com/co-ag
- YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCcavSftXHgxLBWwLDm_bNvA

Journey To The Andromeda Galaxy

Dark Matter is a theoretical form of invisible mass, which is believed to be present in galaxies, but has never been seen or detected. You've probably heard of it before, as it makes up a large part of the physics you find in textbooks. But how can something that's never been seen have so much scientific confidence? Furthermore, why can't we see dark matter to begin with? And if we can't see it, how do we know that it is really there? And if it's not there, what are the alternative ideas? These are the questions we will be aiming to answer, as we dive into the Dark Matter mystery. 

The soundtrack for this episode was made by SpaceWave - Cosmic Relaxation. You should absolutely check out his channel: 
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCj3460Ylt4JEcEiW6PxCH9Q
I listen to his ambient music while I write and was keen to bring him on board. And I am pleased with the results, thank you SpaceWave!

The Dark Matter Mystery

In 1998, two teams of scientists measured the universe's rate of expansion, expecting to find the gravity of the Cosmic Web bringing the universe into a collapse. But instead, they found that the universe's expansion appears to be accelerating- having expanded more in the latter half of its life.
Both teams agreed upon the existence of a new type of energy field, known as Dark Energy, to drive this acceleration, and in doing so, they revived one of Einstein's long-rebuked ideas- the Cosmological Constant.

Thank you to SpaceWave - Cosmic Relaxation for yet another amazing soundtrack! If you liked this video's music, check it out below: 
Dark Energy Soundtrack: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCj3460Ylt4JEcEiW6PxCH9Q
SpaceWave's Channel: https://youtu.be/XntDsSR38qU

The Dark Energy Mystery

Our view of the cosmos is limited to the observable universe- the slice of space containing all the galaxies that can be seen from Earth. But what we perceive to be the edge of our universe is not the actual edge of the universe- with most scientists in agreement that more space lies hidden beyond what we're able to see. Last time out, we travelled to the very edge of our observable universe. But today, we will be going even farther, as we wade out into the darkness of the unobservable universe.

Soundtrack by CO.AG Music: https://www.youtube.com/@co.agmusic1823
- Taboo-Inspired Intro Track: https://youtu.be/YA3yfPh38mc
- Strange Days Ahead: https://youtu.be/QaGsRzO-2EA
- The Last Breath: https://youtu.be/AekcHz0ZdjU
- The Monolith: https://youtu.be/XK_iQLGpId0
- ESP Background Track: https://youtu.be/rT2ONCrdtVU
- Encounter: https://youtu.be/vxdlSXZvxL0
- Direct Space: https://youtu.be/G7-3crlxDDE
- Do You Understand: https://youtu.be/BXmPuHqXUzc
- Phonon: https://youtu.be/2Mgk6jem7Zg
- Dark Enigma 13: https://youtu.be/mGFxASTdnhc
- Book of the Dead: https://youtu.be/6X3RYrOy1RE

Beyond The Observable Universe

The Hubble Telescope has been our most profound window into the universe for more than 30 years. From imaging the interiors of beautiful, nearby nebulae, to revealing the secrets of the universe at large, we’ve seen glimpses of space our ancestors would’ve found hard to believe. And in today’s video, we will relive some of the telescope’s greatest successes as we recount some of Hubble’s greatest discoveries. 

Soundtrack by Scott Buckley and CO.AG Music.
Scott Buckley: https://www.scottbuckley.com.au
(SoundCloud): https://soundcloud.com/scottbuckley
CO.AG Music: https://www.youtube.com/@co.agmusic1823

Hubble's Greatest Discoveries

How did Earth get its moon? Why is Mercury so close to the sun? Why does Uranus orbit on its side? The answers to all of these questions are the many collisions that ravaged the early Solar System. 

Each of our neighbouring worlds bears scars which echo their violent past. And in this video, we will examine a number of the most significant collisions, which played a pivotal role in building up the Solar System as we know it today.

SOUNDTRACK: 
- Deepest Woods | Enzo Orifice (Storyblocks)
- The Ghost of Aberbeeg | CO.AG Music 
- Edge of Silence, Ambient Sounds 06 | CO.AG Music 
- Balefire | Scott Buckley Creative Commons Music 
- Ambient Glass Drama Documentary Music | Music Media Company (Storyblocks) 
- Short Song 011023 | Chris Zabriskie Creative Commons Music 
- Short Song 020823 | Chris Zabriskie Creative Commons Music
- Dreams | Humans Win (Storyblocks)
- Not Saying Enough | Michael Vignola (Storyblocks)
- Speak to Me | CO.AG Music
- A Dark, Silent Night | Humans Win (Storyblocks)

CO.AG Music: https://www.youtube.com/@co.agmusic1823
Chris Zabriskie Music: https://chriszabriskie.bandcamp.com
Scott Buckley Music: https://www.scottbuckley.com.au

Collisions Of The Early Solar System

In the late 1960s, a series of anomalous, repeating radio sources began cropping up all over the Milky Way galaxy, and though initially speculated to be messages from aliens, we soon learned that they are Pulsars, a rapidly rotating neutron star emitting high volumes of radiation. In this video, we will revisit these extreme, dense objects, as the final gateway faced by matter before it collapses into a black hole. This is the insane science of neutron stars.

The background track "Monomyth: The Fall" by Scott Buckley was provided via a Creative Commons Attribution licence. Scott Buckley's website and library can be found at the following link: https://www.scottbuckley.com.au

The Insane Science of Neutron Stars

The universe as we experience it is rendered by a myriad of different physical processes and interactions, but all can be boiled down to one of four fundamental forces of nature. Gravity is one of these fundamental interactions, while the visible light we observe makes up part of another. And by understanding all four, we can gage comprehensive insights into our reality, from its tiniest particles to its largest galaxies.

SOUNDTRACK:
- Lavender | CO.AG Music (https://youtu.be/9CI7_qZay8g?si=RmeHPTy7QCgMvz3W) 
- Dark Undertones | CO.AG Music (https://youtu.be/nk6UosTVZZ8?si=OmDZIatdv5k_oDqK) 
- Haunted Cave | Efliz (Storyblocks Media)
- Lucid | Michael Vignola (Storyblocks Media)
- Abandoned Town | Efliz (Storyblocks Media) 
- Awareness Fades First Movent | CO.AG Music (https://youtu.be/NIh86kMK91U?si=Oqv7RsxupKDtrFQo) 
- Deep Meditation | Giuseppe Rizzo (Storyblocks Media)
- Dreaming Blue | Sextile (YouTube Audio Library) 
- Her Eyes Just Shine | Humans Win (Storyblocks) 

Check out CO.AG's Channel: https://www.youtube.com/@co.agmusic

Forces of Nature

Long ago, the Earth's seven continents were assembled in a giant, sprawling supercontinent known as Pangea. You may've heard of it, but what is often less talked about is what came before Pangea. Our planet's current continental chunks have been smashing together and separating for over four billion years, and there have been more than a few "supercontinents" during that time. Those lost lands take the stage in this video, as we wind the clock back to the age of the supercontinents before Pangea.

BACKGROUND MUSIC: (In order of appearance)

- Meanwhile | Scott Buckley: https://www.scottbuckley.com.au/library/meanwhile/
- Ambient Cave | Storyblocks
- Everyone Parts with Everything Eventually | CO.AG Music: https://youtu.be/obyY4n352to?si=eY6KSlBPlWEXcRH8
- Dream a Silent Journey | Storyblocks
- Ambient Strings and Solo Cello for Meditation | Storyblocks 
- Lost in Place | Storyblocks
- Time Drift | CO.AG Music: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tQiFbOhHBY&t
- The Disappearance | CO.AG Music: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MLjXuckODT8
- Lost at Sea | Storyblocks
- Ascension | Storyblocks

CO.AG Music's Channel: https://www.youtube.com/@co.agmusic

Scott Buckley’s track can be found on his website – released under CC-BY 4.0. www.scottbuckley.com.au

Before Pangea: The Supercontinents

On the dark, secluded underside of our planet, we find its most alien continent, Antarctica. A frozen desert larger than Europe, lying atop a sheet containing more than 90% of the world’s ice. But buried beneath this frosty surface, lie fossils and relics from an age where Antarctica was wildly different- covered not by ice, but by forests of trees. 

Today, we will relive that story as we unravel the continent’s rich history; how it transformed from an oasis of life, into the largest desert on the planet, Antarctica. 

SOUNDTRACK:

“No One is Ready for What’s Coming” - CO.AG Music 
https://youtu.be/SzYGu7uaUu4?si=3aompjTfRKecaWzv 

“If you love me” - CO.AG Music
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jq1FJ_S73tg

“This Machine Managed to Trick Time” - CO.AG Music
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AxQtQJ8wiyQ

“Delay Time” - CO.AG Music
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2JVunbxm1MI

“Frozen in Darkness, the Shadowed Halls Underscore” - StoryBlocks Media
‘Futuristic Alien Videogame Music” - StoryBlocks Media
“Frozen City, Mysterious Fantasy Orchestra” - StoryBlocks Media
“Mysterious Darkness, Reveal Fear” - StoryBlocks Media

“Incredulity” by Scott Buckley (Creative Commons 4.0 International License):
Song: https://www.scottbuckley.com.au/library/incredulity/
Artist: https://www.scottbuckley.com.au/library/

Antarctica: Earth's Most Alien Continent

Hi! I'm Sam, from SEA on YouTube.
On this account you can find soundtrack-only versions of my recent videos.
Hope you like what you see, thanks for stopping by!

Beyond The Observable Universe

SEA

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