Edinburgh Castle written by Mark Cartwright and narrated by Jennifer Sabir: https://www.worldhistory.org/Edinburgh_Castle/

Edinburgh Castle, towering atop Castle Rock, has served Scotland for centuries, at one time or another acting as a fortress, royal residence, seat of government, armoury, and prison. The scene of countless sieges, royal births and deaths, murderous intrigues, and military displays, Edinburgh castle has long been a symbol of Scottish history and national pride. Today, the castle is open to the public who can see such sights as the Stone of Scone, the Scottish royal regalia known as the Honours, the National War Museum, the National War Memorial, and such famous giant medieval cannons as Mons Megs. The most popular tourist attraction in Scotland, the castle, together with the city of Edinburgh, is listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site.

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Music used:
Filename: Music-Bagpipe-Interior_OBIN_651
Album: Original Binaural Sound Effects Library
Catalog: Sound Ideas (SFX Library)

Edinburgh Castle

The Phoenician Alphabet & Language written by Thamis and narrated by Jennifer Sabir: https://www.worldhistory.org/article/17/the-phoenician-alphabet--language/

Phoenician is a Canaanite language closely related to Hebrew. Very little is known about the Canaanite language, except what can be gathered from the El-Amarna letters written by Canaanite kings to Pharaohs Amenhopis III (1402 - 1364 BCE) and Akhenaton (1364 - 1347 BCE). It appears that the Phoenician language, culture, and writing were strongly influenced by Egypt (which controlled Phoenicia for a long time), as king Rib-Adda of Byblos admits in one of his letters to the pharaoh.


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Music Used: 
Invocation (Ancient Egyptian Melody) by ÆUR
Listen: https://artist.landr.com/music/628810853472
Reviews: https://www.reverbnation.com/ÆUR/press

The Phoenician Alphabet & Language

Did you know that the ancient Persian religion of Zoroastrianism is still alive? Dr. John Tidmarsh tells us all about some lesser-known Persians including Persian women, the Zoroastrian religion and whether he thought Xerxes was actually mad or not, along with more of your questions!

Dr. John Tidmarsh is both a medical doctor and holds a PhD in archaeology. He is a co-director of the University of Sydney’s excavations at Pella in Jordan and co-director of the ANU/ University of Melbourne excavations at Jebel Khalid in Syria. He has previously excavated in Greece and Cyprus. His main areas of interest are the archaeology of Alexander the Great’s conquests, the Hellenistic Period in the Near East and Asia, and the Islamic world.

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Check out our website for great articles and interactive content! https://www.worldhistory.org

Find our audio articles here! https://pod.co/ancient-history-encyclopedia

The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:
https://www.ancientlyre.com
https://open.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8A

Check out Michael’s new album! https://open.spotify.com/album/6JR9aABOWMwTa5TsZpEyFS?si=HU15jgeTTZmmsEnaEF1qvg

Ancient Persia with John Tidmarsh

Did you know that one of the British Museum's most famous pieces is still a mystery 90 years after it was acquired? We still don't know who the Queen of the Night depicts, or where it comes from. In this interview, Dr. Jamie Fraser tells us all about his job as a curator at The British Museum, why he chose to pursue archaeology and his very first dig site. Jamie also discusses the Queen of the Night artefact at The British Museum and his excavations of an ancient olive oil factory in Jordan!

Jamie Fraser is the Assistant Keeper (curator) of the Ancient Levant and Anatolia at The British Museum. He completed his PhD in Middle Eastern Archaeology at the University of Sydney, and has worked on archaeological projects in Jordan, Syria, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Kashmir, Greece, Cambodia, and the Solomon Islands.

Join us on Patreon for Exclusive benefits! https://www.patreon.com/whencyclopedia

Check out our website for great articles and interactive content! https://www.worldhistory.org

Find our audio articles here! https://pod.co/ancient-history-encyclopedia

The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:
https://www.ancientlyre.com
https://open.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8A

Check out Michael’s new album! https://open.spotify.com/album/6JR9aABOWMwTa5TsZpEyFS?si=HU15jgeTTZmmsEnaEF1qvg

Museum Curation & Archaeology with Jamie Fraser

Did you know that the gods were a core part of everyday life for the ancient Egyptians? In this episode Dr. Garry Shaw enthusiastically delves into being an Egyptologist, the oldest artefact he has ever found and trade between Egypt and the Middle East. Garry answers your questions about the Hyksos, Akhenaten and more!

Garry Shaw is the author of eight books on Ancient Egypt, and gained his PhD in Egyptology from the University of Liverpool. He writes on North Africa and Middle Eastern cultural heritage for The Art Newspaper; is editor of Al Rawi: Egypt’s Heritage Review; and has developed an online Egyptology course for Oxford University’s Department for Continuing Education. His latest book, Egyptian Mythology, A Traveller's Guide from Aswan to Alexandria has just been published by Thames & Hudson.

Join us on Patreon for Exclusive benefits! https://www.patreon.com/whencyclopedia

Check out our website for great articles and interactive content! https://www.worldhistory.org

Find our audio articles here! https://pod.co/ancient-history-encyclopedia

The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:
https://www.ancientlyre.com
https://open.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8A

Check out Michael’s new album! https://open.spotify.com/album/6JR9aABOWMwTa5TsZpEyFS?si=HU15jgeTTZmmsEnaEF1qvg

Ancient Egypt with Garry Shaw

Why do many people still believe that the British Empire was a good thing? How does that relate to British identity? Dr. Carrie Gibson discusses colonialism and its effects , the meaning of the term ‘Hispanic,’ and the involvement of the United States in Latin America as well as other questions sent in by you! 

Carrie received her PhD in history from Cambridge and has worked as journalist for the Guardian and the Observer newspapers as well as the BBC. She has travelled extensively in North and South America and the Caribbean and is the author of El Norte: The Epic and Forgotten Story of Hispanic North America (Grove Press UK, 2019) and Empire’s Crossroads: A History of the Caribbean from Columbus to the Present Day (Pan Macmillan, 2014).

Join us on Patreon for Exclusive benefits! https://www.patreon.com/whencyclopedia

Check out our website for great articles and interactive content! https://www.worldhistory.org

Find our audio articles here! https://pod.co/ancient-history-encyclopedia

The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:
https://www.ancientlyre.com
https://open.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8A

Check out Michael’s new album! https://open.spotify.com/album/6JR9aABOWMwTa5TsZpEyFS?si=HU15jgeTTZmmsEnaEF1qvg

Caribbean Colonialism with Carrie Gibson

Mitanni written by Joshua J. Mark and narrated by Kelly Macquire: www.worldhistory.org/Mitanni/

The Kingdom of Mitanni, known to the people of the land, and the Assyrians, as Hanigalbat and to the Egyptians as Naharin and Metani, once stretched from present-day northern Iraq, down through Syria and into Turkey and was among the greatest nations of its time, though today it is largely forgotten.

If you like our audio articles, please support us by becoming a member or donating to our non-profit company:
- www.worldhistory.org/membership/
 - www.worldhistory.org/donate/
 - www.worldhistory.org/patreon/
- www.worldhistory.store/

The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:

www.ancientlyre.com
open.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8…IH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9
www.youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8A

Mitanni

Elizabethan theatre, sometimes called English Renaissance theatre, refers to that style of performance plays which blossomed during the reign of Elizabeth I of England (r. 1558-1603 CE) and which continued under her Stuart successors. Elizabethan theatre witnessed the first professional actors who belonged to touring troupes and who performed plays of blank verse with entertaining non-religious themes.

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Original article: https://www.worldhistory.org/Elizabethan_Theatre/

Elizabethan Theatre

The Black Death was a plague pandemic which devastated medieval Europe from 1347 to 1352 CE, killing an estimated 25-30 million people. The disease originated in central Asia and was taken to the Crimea by Mongol warriors and traders. The plague then entered Europe via Italy, carried by rats on Genoese trading ships sailing from the Black Sea.

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Original Article: https://www.worldhistory.org/Black_Death/

Black Death

The Black Death is the 19th-century CE term for the plague epidemic that ravaged Europe between 1347-1352 CE, killing an estimated 30 million people there and many more worldwide as it reached pandemic proportions. The name comes from the black buboes (infected lymph glands) which broke out over a plague victim's body. The cause of the plague was the bacterium Yersinia pestis, which was carried by fleas on rodents, usually rats, but this was not known to the people of the medieval period, as it was only identified in 1894 CE. Prior to that time, the plague was attributed primarily to supernatural causes – the wrath of God, the work of the devil, the alignment of the planets – and, stemming from these, “bad air” or an unbalance of the “humors” of the body which, when in line, kept a person healthy.

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Original Article: https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1540/medieval-cures-for-the-black-death/

Medieval Cures for the Black Death

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Elizabethan Theatre

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