Many aging-associated neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, involve the aggregation of abnormal tau in nerve cells (neurons). Normally, tau proteins function to stabilize microtubules in the brain. Tauopathy occurs when tau proteins become misfolded and misshapen (which turns tau into toxic tau). They then continue to proliferate and bind to each other, forming tau oligomers. These tau oligomers are more toxic and have a greater potential to spread tau pathology. Before toxic tau snowballs into neurodegenerative disorders, the events that lead up to abnormal tau have remained elusive to researchers. 

“While the association between tau levels and energy metabolism is established, it is not clear whether mitochondrial dysfunction is an early pathological feature of high levels of tau or a consequence of its excessive formation of protein aggregates.”

Previous studies have demonstrated an association between tau levels and mitochondrial metabolism, however, determining which one proceeds the other has yet to be fully illuminated. Shedding light on this subject, researchers—from the University of Copenhagen, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and the National Institutes of Health’s National Institute on Aging—used a Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans; roundworm/nematode) model of tau to examine mitochondrial changes over time. Their paper was chosen as the cover of Aging (Aging-US) Volume 13, Issue 21, published in November of 2021 and entitled, “Alteration of mitochondrial homeostasis is an early event in a C. elegans model of human tauopathy”.  

Full blog - https://www.impactjournals.com/journals/blog/aging/trending-with-impact-worms-reveal-early-event-in-neurodegeneration/

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DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203683

Full Text - https://www.aging-us.com/article/203683/text

Correspondence to: Konstantinos Palikaras email: palikarask@med.uoa.gr, Mansour Akbari email: akbari@sund.ku.dk and Vilhelm A. Bohr email: bohrv@grc.nia.nih.gov

Keywords: aging, Alzheimer’s disease, C. elegans, energy metabolism, mitochondria, tau, tauopathy

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

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Aging (Aging-US)

Trending With Impact: Worms Reveal Early Event in Neurodegeneration

BUFFALO, NY - April 22, 2024 – The Longevity & Aging Series is an enlightening and progressive video interview series presented by Aging, featuring esteemed researchers discussing the latest in aging research, with a focus on their studies published by Aging.

In the premiere episode of the second season of the Longevity & Aging Series, Dr. Irina Conboy and Xiaoyue (Serafina) Mei from the Department of Bioengineering and QB3 at the University of California, Berkeley, discuss a priority research paper they co-authored and published in Aging’s Volume 15, Issue 17, entitled, “Fail-tests of DNA methylation clocks, and development of a noise barometer for measuring epigenetic pressure of aging and disease.”

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.205046

Corresponding Author - Irina M. Conboy - iconboy@berkeley.edu

Video - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aYhUPpEPVv4

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Keywords - aging, DNA methylation, epigenetics, clocks’ fail-test, biological noise

About Aging-US

Aging publishes research papers in all fields of aging research including but not limited, aging from yeast to mammals, cellular senescence, age-related diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer’s diseases and their prevention and treatment, anti-aging strategies and drug development and especially the role of signal transduction pathways such as mTOR in aging and potential approaches to modulate these signaling pathways to extend lifespan. The journal aims to promote treatment of age-related diseases by slowing down aging, validation of anti-aging drugs by treating age-related diseases, prevention of cancer by inhibiting aging. Cancer and COVID-19 are age-related diseases.

Aging is indexed by PubMed/Medline (abbreviated as “Aging (Albany NY)”), PubMed Central, Web of Science: Science Citation Index Expanded (abbreviated as “Aging‐US” and listed in the Cell Biology and Geriatrics & Gerontology categories), Scopus (abbreviated as “Aging” and listed in the Cell Biology and Aging categories), Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, EMBASE, META (Chan Zuckerberg Initiative) (2018-2022), and Dimensions (Digital Science).

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The Longevity & Aging Series: Season 2 Premiere Episode

BUFFALO, NY- April 23, 2024 – A new #researchpaper was #published in Aging (listed by MEDLINE/PubMed as "Aging (Albany NY)" and "Aging-US" by Web of Science) Volume 16, Issue 7, entitled, “The coupling between healthspan and lifespan in Caenorhabditis depends on complex interactions between compound intervention and genetic background.”

Aging is characterized by declining health that results in decreased cellular resilience and neuromuscular function. The relationship between lifespan and health, and the influence of genetic background on that relationship, has important implications in the development of pharmacological anti-aging interventions. 

In this new study, researchers Stephen A. Banse, E. Grace Jackson, Christine A. Sedore, Brian Onken, David Hall, Anna Coleman-Hulbert, Phu Huynh, Theo Garrett, Erik Johnson, Girish Harinath, Delaney Inman, Suzhen Guo, Mackenzie Morshead, Jian Xue, Ron Falkowski, Esteban Chen, Christopher Herrera, Allie J. Kirsch, Viviana I. Perez, Max Guo, Gordon J. Lithgow, Monica Driscoll, and Patrick C. Phillips from the University of Oregon, The State University of New Jersey (Rutgers), The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, and National Institute on Aging assessed swimming performance as well as survival under thermal and oxidative stress across a nematode genetic diversity test panel to evaluate health effects for three compounds previously studied in the Caenorhabditis Intervention Testing Program and thought to promote longevity in different ways – NP1 (nitrophenyl piperazine-containing compound 1), propyl gallate, and resveratrol. 

“Overall, we find the relationships among median lifespan, oxidative stress resistance, thermotolerance, and mobility vigor to be complex.” 

The researchers showed that oxidative stress resistance and thermotolerance vary with compound intervention, genetic background, and age. The effects of tested compounds on swimming locomotion, in contrast, are largely species-specific. In this study, thermotolerance, but not oxidative stress or swimming ability, correlates with lifespan. Notably, some compounds exert strong impact on some health measures without an equally strong impact on lifespan. 

“Our results demonstrate the importance of assessing health and lifespan across genetic backgrounds in the effort to identify reproducible anti-aging interventions, with data underscoring how personalized treatments might be required to optimize health benefits.”

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.205743

Corresponding authors - Gordon J. Lithgow - glithgow@buckinstitute.org, Monica Driscoll - driscoll@dls.rutgers.edu, and Patrick C. Phillips - pphil@uoregon.edu

About Aging-US

Aging publishes research papers in all fields of aging research including but not limited, aging from yeast to mammals, cellular senescence, age-related diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer’s diseases and their prevention and treatment, anti-aging strategies and drug development and especially the role of signal transduction pathways such as mTOR in aging and potential approaches to modulate these signaling pathways to extend lifespan. The journal aims to promote treatment of age-related diseases by slowing down aging, validation of anti-aging drugs by treating age-related diseases, prevention of cancer by inhibiting aging. Cancer and COVID-19 are age-related diseases.

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The Coupling Between Healthspan and Lifespan in Caenorhabditis Depends on…

BUFFALO, NY- April 24, 2024 – A new #researchpaper was #published in Aging (listed by MEDLINE/PubMed as "Aging (Albany NY)" and "Aging-US" by Web of Science) Volume 16, Issue 7, entitled, “Using genetics and proteomics data to identify proteins causally related to COVID-19, healthspan and lifespan: a Mendelian randomization study.”

The COVID-19 pandemic poses a heavy burden on public health and accounts for substantial mortality and morbidity. Proteins are building blocks of life, but specific proteins causally related to COVID-19, healthspan and lifespan, have not been systematically examined. In this new study, researchers Jie V. Zhao, Minhao Yao, and Zhonghua Liu from The University of Hong Kong and Columbia University conducted a Mendelian randomization study to assess the effects of 1,361 plasma proteins on COVID-19, healthspan and lifespan, using large GWAS of severe COVID-19 (up to 13,769 cases and 1,072,442 controls), COVID-19 hospitalization (32,519 cases and 2,062,805 controls) and SARS-COV2 infection (122,616 cases and 2,475,240 controls), healthspan (n = 300,477) and parental lifespan (~0.8 million of European ancestry).

“We included both COVID-19 and healthspan and lifespan in the outcome, because COVID-19 which occurred in recent years reflects a new threat to longevity, whilst healthspan and lifespan reflect overall morbidity and mortality.”

The researchers identified 35, 43, and 63 proteins for severe COVID, COVID-19 hospitalization, and SARS-COV2 infection, and 4, 32, and 19 proteins for healthspan, father’s attained age, and mother’s attained age. In addition to some proteins reported previously, such as SFTPD related to severe COVID-19, the team identified novel proteins involved in inflammation and immunity (such as ICAM-2 and ICAM-5 which affect COVID-19 risk, CXCL9, HLA-DRA and LILRB4 for healthspan and lifespan), apoptosis (such as FGFR2 and ERBB4 which affect COVID-19 risk and FOXO3 which affect lifespan) and metabolism (such as PCSK9 which lowers lifespan). They found 2, 2, and 3 proteins shared between COVID-19 and healthspan/lifespan, such as CXADR and LEFTY2, shared between severe COVID-19 and healthspan/lifespan. Three proteins affecting COVID-19 and seven proteins affecting healthspan/lifespan are targeted by existing drugs.

“Our study provided novel insights into protein targets affecting COVID-19, healthspan and lifespan, with implications for developing new treatment and drug repurposing.”

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.205711

Corresponding authors - Jie V. Zhao - janezhao@hku.hk, and Zhonghua Liu - zl2509@cumc.columbia.edu

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About Aging-US

Aging publishes research papers in all fields of aging research including but not limited, aging from yeast to mammals, cellular senescence, age-related diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer’s diseases and their prevention and treatment, anti-aging strategies and drug development and especially the role of signal transduction pathways such as mTOR in aging and potential approaches to modulate these signaling pathways to extend lifespan. The journal aims to promote treatment of age-related diseases by slowing down aging, validation of anti-aging drugs by treating age-related diseases, prevention of cancer by inhibiting aging. Cancer and COVID-19 are age-related diseases.

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Identifying Proteins Causally Related to COVID-19, Healthspan and Lifespan

A traditional, twice-monthly, peer-reviewed, open-access journal covering all areas of research on aging and age-related diseases, including cancer and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome.

Read about the Aging (Aging-US) Scientific Integrity Process: https://aging-us.com/scientific-integrity

Trending With Impact: Worms Reveal Early Event in Neurodegeneration

Aging (Aging-US) Podcast

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