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Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men, behind only skin cancer. In recent years, advances in screening, surgery and radiation treatment have improved outcomes and led to an increase in what is known as active surveillance after the initial diagnosis of prostate cancer. “The goal of active surveillance is to maximize the quality of life for patients while at the same time preserving the quantity of life,” said Akshay Sood, MD, a James urologic oncologist who specializes in treating prostate and bladder cancer. Dr. Sood explained the importance of screening, the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test and what it means, the Gleason score and how these numbers help oncologists determine when to treat patients. He also discussed what’s involved in prostate-cancer surgery and radiation treatments, and advances in both of these areas. Dr. Sood is also one of the leaders of the James Multidisciplinary Prostate Cancer Clinic and he described the benefits to patients of this all-in-one clinic that includes a large team of prostate cancer experts. “Unfortunately, there are no symptoms, which is why screening is so important,” Dr. Sood said of prostate cancer. PSA screening should begin at the age of 45 for most men. African American men (who have a higher rate of prostate cancer) and those with a family history of prostate and other types of cancers should begin their yearly PSA screenings at 40. “A PSA level below 4 is considered normal, while a score above 4 is abnormal,” Dr. Sood said. A high score will often lead to a biopsy to determine of the patient has cancer and, if they do, where it ranks on the Gleason scale and the genetic mutation causing the cancer.

Episode 178: What You Need to Know About Prostate Cancer Screening & Treatment, with Dr. Akshay Sood

BUFFALO, NY - November 25, 2024 – A new #editorial was #published in Oncotarget's Volume 15 on November 12, 2024, entitled, “Visualizing radiological data bias through persistence images.”

This editorial highlights a powerful tool called "persistence images," which could improve how medical imaging and artificial intelligence (AI) systems are developed and used. Authors Yashbir Singh, Colleen Farrelly, Quincy A. Hathaway, and Gunnar Carlsson from the Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN), provide a detailed explanation of how persistence images uncover hidden biases and advance fairness in healthcare AI.

AI is becoming a major part of healthcare, helping clinicians analyze X-rays, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography scans. However, if the data used to train AI systems is biased, it could lead to unfair or inaccurate results. Derived from topological data analysis (TDA), persistence images transform complex medical scans into simple, stable visuals. These images make it easier to spot patterns or irregularities that could indicate bias. For example, they can reveal whether certain groups—such as patients of a specific age, gender, or ethnicity—are underrepresented in the data used to train AI systems.

“The use of persistence images in radiological analysis opens up new possibilities for identifying and addressing biases in both data interpretation and AI model training...” 

This could help ensure that AI systems work equitably for all patient groups, resulting in more reliable diagnoses and better outcomes.

In addition to detecting bias, persistence images also help filter out noise, or irrelevant details, from medical scans. This makes it easier for both AI systems and radiologists to focus on meaningful features in the images, improving overall accuracy. These insights help AI systems perform better and make more accurate, trustworthy decisions.

Despite their potential, persistence images face challenges. Generating persistence images for large datasets demands substantial computing power, while integration into clinical workflows requires user-friendly tools and specialized training for healthcare professionals.

As healthcare becomes more data-driven, tools like persistence images could transform how medical imaging is used. 

“By helping us visualize and address hidden biases, they can contribute to improved patient outcomes and more personalized healthcare delivery.”

In conclusion, this editorial envisions a future where advanced mathematical tools like persistence images play a vital role in eliminating bias and improving patient outcomes. Integrating these tools into clinical workflows could enhance radiological analysis, setting new standards for accuracy and equity in healthcare worldwide.

DOI -  https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28670

Correspondence to - Yashbir Singh - singh.yashbir@mayo.edu

Video short - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sQELv8oi3ew

About Oncotarget 

Oncotarget (a primarily oncology-focused, peer-reviewed, open access journal) aims to maximize research impact through insightful peer-review; eliminate borders between specialties by linking different fields of oncology, cancer research and biomedical sciences; and foster application of basic and clinical science.

Oncotarget is indexed and archived by PubMed/Medline, PubMed Central, Scopus, EMBASE, META (Chan Zuckerberg Initiative) (2018-2022), and Dimensions (Digital Science).

To learn more about Oncotarget, please visit https://www.oncotarget.com and connect with us:

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/Oncotarget/
X - https://twitter.com/oncotarget
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MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Oncotarget

Visualizing Radiological Data Bias with Persistence Images

BUFFALO, NY- December 17, 2024 – A new #research paper was #published in Aging (listed by MEDLINE/PubMed as "Aging (Albany NY)" and "Aging-US" by Web of Science) Volume 16, Issue 21 on November 29, 2024, entitled, “Thermotherapy has sexually dimorphic responses in APP/PS1 mice.”

Researchers Samuel A. McFadden, Mackenzie R. Peck, Lindsey N. Sime, MaKayla F. Cox, Erol D. Ikiz, Caleigh A. Findley, Kathleen Quinn, Yimin Fang, Andrzej Bartke, Erin R. Hascup, and Kevin N. Hascup from Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, found that raising body temperature through heat therapy improved memory in male mice with Alzheimer’s disease but worsened memory in females. These findings emphasize the importance of personalized treatments based on sex-specific responses to therapy.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive brain disorder characterized by memory loss and confusion. It is caused by the buildup of harmful proteins like beta-amyloid, which damages brain cells over time. In this study, genetically modified mice predisposed to develop Alzheimer disease (APP/PS1 mice) were kept in warmer environments for six months to explore the effects of heat therapy on memory and metabolism.

The results revealed that male mice benefited from the therapy, with improved memory and reduced levels of beta-amyloid in their brains. Female mice, however, experienced a worsening of memory, likely due to increased inflammation triggered by the heat therapy. Inflammation, where the immune system is hyperactivated, can harm brain cells and worsen Alzheimer's disease symptoms.

“Thermotherapy improved spatial navigation in male C57BL/6 and APP/PS1 mice, with the later attributed to reduced hippocampal soluble amyloid-β (Aβ)42. Female APP/PS1 mice exhibited worse spatial memory recall after chronic thermotherapy.”

Heat therapy is already known to provide general health benefits, such as improving heart health and regulating blood sugar. This study suggests it could also offer a simple, non-drug approach to slowing Alzheimer’s progression, particularly for men. Unlike exercise, which offers similar benefits, heat therapy is accessible for people who are weak or unable to engage in physical activity.

While these findings are promising, the researchers emphasize the need for more studies to understand why men and women respond so differently to heat therapy. Future research should also investigate whether the results can be replicated in humans and how the therapy can be tailored to individual needs.

In conclusion, heat therapy could present a safe and practical option for managing Alzheimer’s disease, particularly in men. However, the observed gender differences highlight the importance of further research to refine its therapeutic potential and ensure it benefits everyone.

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.206156

Corresponding author - Kevin N. Hascup - khascup49@siumed.edu

Video short - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IeMPHss4vj8

Subscribe for free publication alerts from Aging - https://www.aging-us.com/subscribe-to-toc-alerts

About Aging-US

The mission of the journal is to understand the mechanisms surrounding aging and age-related diseases, including cancer as the main cause of death in the modern aged population.

The journal aims to promote 1) treatment of age-related diseases by slowing down aging, 2) validation of anti-aging drugs by treating age-related diseases, and 3) prevention of cancer by inhibiting aging. (Cancer and COVID-19 are age-related diseases.)

Please visit our website at https://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/
X - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/
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MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Aging (Aging-US)

Sexual Dimorphism in Thermotherapy Responses in APP/PS1 Mice

BUFFALO, NY- December 18, 2024 – A new #research paper was #published in Aging (listed by MEDLINE/PubMed as "Aging (Albany NY)" and "Aging-US" by Web of Science) Volume 16, Issue 21 on November 22, 2024, entitled, “Anti-aging effect of extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stromal cells on senescence-induced chondrocytes in osteoarthritis.”

The study, authored by Jérémy Boulestreau, Marie Maumus, Giuliana Bertolino Minani, Christian Jorgensen, and Danièle Noël from the  Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, introduces a potential new therapy for osteoarthritis. This therapy uses tiny particles called extracellular vesicles (EVs), derived from fat tissue, to repair damage caused by aging cells in the joints, slowing the progression of osteoarthritis and restoring joint health.

Osteoarthritis, the most common joint disorder in older adults, occurs when cartilage breaks down, leading to inflammation, stiffness, and pain. One major contributor to it is cellular senescence, a process where cells stop dividing and release harmful substances that worsen inflammation and damage joint tissues.

In this study, the researchers showed that EVs from fat-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASC-EVs) decreased the harmful effects of senescent cells. ASC-EVs showed strong therapeutic effects in both cellular and mouse preclinical studies. They reduced inflammation and DNA damage markers in cells derived from human joints and improved cellular health. In mice with osteoarthritis, the vesicles restored joint balance, reduced cartilage damage, and preserved joint function for weeks.

The findings highlight the potential of regenerative medicine, which uses the body’s own mechanisms to repair damage. By targeting the aging process in joint cells, this therapy offers a breakthrough for osteoarthritis treatment. Millions of people suffering from joint pain, inflammation, and reduced mobility could benefit from this innovative approach.

In the future, the researchers plan to explore ways to enhance the therapy, including whether repeated treatments could provide even longer-lasting benefits. These could lead to new options in treating osteoarthritis and other age-related conditions.

“In addition to their anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties, our study confirms that ASC-EVs may be a relevant option for future clinical applications in degenerative diseases, such as OA, which are increasing with the population aging.”

In conclusion, this research offers a promising regenerative therapy for osteoarthritis, with the potential to improve the quality of life for millions of older adults.

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.206158

Corresponding author - Danièle Noël - daniele.noel@inserm.fr

Video short - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=06qw2nR3ovY

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About Aging-US

The mission of the journal is to understand the mechanisms surrounding aging and age-related diseases, including cancer as the main cause of death in the modern aged population.

The journal aims to promote 1) treatment of age-related diseases by slowing down aging, 2) validation of anti-aging drugs by treating age-related diseases, and 3) prevention of cancer by inhibiting aging. (Cancer and COVID-19 are age-related diseases.)

Please visit our website at https://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/
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MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Mesenchymal Cell Vesicles Target Chondrocyte Aging in Osteoarthritis

In this episode, Dr. Mark I. Zakowski delves into the pressing issue of pain during cesarean delivery. During our interview, we explore how our societies (ASA and SOAP) are collaborating to provide practitioners with valuable insights into managing this problem that affects approximately 15-20% of cesarean delivery patients. The ASA approved the “Statement on Pain during Cesarean Delivery” from the Committee on Obstetric Anesthesia, which advises all practitioners on the pervasive problem of failure to achieve pain-free cesarean delivery. This is a testament of how our societies are collaborating to improve patient care. 

Pain during Cesarean Delivery: We Can and Must Do Better
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38597801/

American Society of Anesthesiologists: Statement on 
pain during cesarean delivery. Edited by Committee 
on Obstetric Anesthesia. American Society of 
Anesthesiologists. 2023. Available at: https://www.asahq.org/standards-and-practice-parameters/state-
ment-on-pain-during-cesarean-delivery

Pain During  a Cesarean Delivery

The Very Rev’d Dr. Andrew McGowan, Dean of Berkeley Divinity School at Yale, joins Hannah for an Advent episode. Dean McGowan reflects on his career as a priest, academic, and administrator and shares how the Daily Office helps him maintain balance in the midst of it all. He shares the “what” and “why” behind the lectionary and reflects on the Advent readings from Luke for lectionary year C. We explore the Advent themes of death, judgment, heaven, and hell and discuss how this emphasis differs from other versions of Advent. Dean McGowan gives us a crash course on why the date of Christmas is December 25 and closing reflections on seminary education. Join us for insightful dialogue on faith, ministry, and the deeper meanings of this sacred season.
 
Hosts: Brandon Nappi and Hannah Black
Guest: Andrew McGowan
Production: Goodchild Media
Music: Wayfaring Stranger, Theodicy Jazz Collective
Art: Ella Landino
 
Instagram: @theleadersway.podcast
berkeleydivinity.yale.edu/podcast
 
You can support our work at https://tinyurl.com/support-transforming-leaders

43: Advent with Andrew McGowan

The p53 protein, often called the “guardian of the genome,” is crucial for preventing cancer by repairing damaged DNA or triggering cell death in cells that cannot be repaired. However, in about half of all cancers, the p53 gene is mutated, making the protein ineffective. A groundbreaking study has introduced PG3, a new compound that restores tumor suppression without relying on p53, offering a new option to treat resistant cancers.

Published in Oncotarget on September 17, 2024, the study titled “Integrated stress response (ISR) activation and apoptosis through HRI kinase by PG3 and other p53 pathway-restoring cancer therapeutics,” introduces PG3, a small molecule with a completely new approach to treating cancer. This groundbreaking research was conducted by Dr. Xiaobing Tian and Oncotarget Editor-in-Chief Dr. Wafik S. El-Deiry from Brown University.

The researchers tested PG3 on cancer cell lines with various p53 mutations, as well as on cells that lacked p53 entirely.

Full blog - https://www.oncotarget.org/2024/12/18/a-new-path-to-tumor-suppression-the-promise-of-pg3/

Paper DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28637

Correspondence to - Wafik S. El-Deiry - wafik@brown.edu

Video short - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBp_UGrkii8

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Keywords - cancer, mutant p53, integrated stress response (ISR), ATF4, HRI, ClpP

About Oncotarget 

Oncotarget (a primarily oncology-focused, peer-reviewed, open access journal) aims to maximize research impact through insightful peer-review; eliminate borders between specialties by linking different fields of oncology, cancer research and biomedical sciences; and foster application of basic and clinical science.

Oncotarget is indexed and archived by PubMed/Medline, PubMed Central, Scopus, EMBASE, META (Chan Zuckerberg Initiative) (2018-2022), and Dimensions (Digital Science).

To learn more about Oncotarget, please visit https://www.oncotarget.com and connect with us:

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/Oncotarget/
X - https://twitter.com/oncotarget
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Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/0gRwT6BqYWJzxzmjPJwtVh

MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

A New Path to Tumor Suppression: The Promise of PG3

BUFFALO, NY- December 19, 2024 – We are pleased to announce that Dr. Marco Demaria, a leading expert in aging and cellular senescence, will join Aging (Aging-US) as Editor-in-Chief, starting January 1, 2025. Dr. Demaria will work alongside an esteemed Editorial Board.

Dr. Demaria has an impressive background in aging research. He earned his PhD in Molecular Medicine from the University of Torino, Italy. In 2010, he joined the laboratory of Aging Founding Editor, the late Dr. Judith Campisi, at the Buck Institute for Research on Aging. There he developed cellular and animal models for studying cellular aging, also known as cellular senescence, and its role in tissue repair, cancer, and aging.

Currently, Dr. Demaria leads DemariaLab, whose mission is “to extend human healthspan by pioneering discoveries in molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate the aging process.” His groundbreaking research has significantly advanced our understanding of cellular senescence and its role in aging and age-related diseases. Dr. Demaria aims to develop new therapeutic approaches to create more effective treatments that mitigate the diseases and extend the healthspan. His work specifically focuses on interfering with the mechanisms of cellular senescence using genetic, pharmacological, and nutraceutical strategies.

“My research is focused on understanding the molecular basis of age-related dysfunctions and disorders, and to identify new molecular and cellular targets to improve health and longevity.” - Marco Demaria

He is also a Full Professor at the European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), Director of the Mechanisms of Health, Ageing and Disease (MoHAD) at the University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), President of the International Cell Senescence Association (ICSA), and Co-Founder of Cleara Biotech. Dr. Demaria also brings valuable editorial experience from his former positions as Editor-in-Chief of npj Aging and Editorial Board member of Aging Cell.

All the above, combined with Dr. Demaria’s academic contributions, commitment, and expertise, align perfectly with Aging’s mission to understand the mechanisms surrounding aging and age-related diseases, including cancer as the main cause of death in the modern aged population. 

For more information about Marco Demaria, PhD, please visit www.demarialab.com and follow him on X (Twitter) @marc_dema or on Bluesky @marcdema.bsky.social.

About Aging-US

Please visit our website at https://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us on social media at:

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/
X - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl
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MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Dr. Marco Demaria Named Editor-In-Chief of Aging (Aging-US)

Welcome to the last YJBM Science News of the 2024! Join us as we discuss the recent news in healthcare and science across the Yale community. Today, our hosts Mara and Samantha will share some of the most intriguing topics of the past few weeks.

Papers featured in the episode:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41590-024-02023-4

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-54657-5

https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae559

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2024.100498

More about YJBM at:

https://medicine.yale.edu/yjbm/

Our Instagram:

https://www.instagram.com/theyjbm/

YJBM Science News Podcast: Episode 26

Imagine being 15 years old but having a body that shows signs of aging as if you are decades older. For some young people with sickle cell disease (SCD), this is a reality. A new study published in Volume 16, Issue 21 of Aging shows that SCD causes the body to age much faster than normal. The research not only explains why this happens but also points to new ways to help people with the disease live healthier, longer lives.

What Is Sickle Cell Disease?

SCD is a genetic condition that changes the shape of red blood cells. Instead of being round, like a doughnut, the cells become curved like a sickle (a farming tool). These misshapen cells struggle to move through blood vessels, often blocking blood flow and leading to pain, organ damage, and other health problems. Even with modern treatments, they can experience complications like those seen in older adults, such as weaker bones, frailty, and organ failure. In the study “Adolescents and young adults with sickle cell disease exhibit accelerated aging with elevated T-cell p16INK4a expression,” researchers wanted to understand why this happens and what it means for people with the disease.

Full blog - https://aging-us.org/?p=6372

Paper DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.206152

Corresponding author - Samuel R. Wilson - samuel.wilson@med.unc.edu

Video short - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QXVdxBikaqg

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Keywords - aging, sickle cell disease, p16, adolescents, young adults

About Aging-US

The mission of the journal is to understand the mechanisms surrounding aging and age-related diseases, including cancer as the main cause of death in the modern aged population.

The journal aims to promote 1) treatment of age-related diseases by slowing down aging, 2) validation of anti-aging drugs by treating age-related diseases, and 3) prevention of cancer by inhibiting aging. (Cancer and COVID-19 are age-related diseases.)

Please visit our website at https://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/
X - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@AgingJournal
LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/
Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/
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MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM

Accelerated Aging in Young People with Sickle Cell Disease

Oncotarget is a primarily oncology-focused, peer-reviewed, open access journal. Papers are published continuously within yearly volumes in their final and complete form and then quickly released to Pubmed.

Oncotarget is now indexed by MEDLINE, PubMed and PMC/PubMed.

Read about the Oncotarget Scientific Integrity Process: https://www.oncotarget.com/scientific_integrity/

Visualizing Radiological Data Bias with Persistence Images

Oncotarget Podcast

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